scholarly journals The ratio of pericardial to subcutaneous adipose tissues is associated with insulin resistance

Obesity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1284-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C. Alman ◽  
Steven R. Smith ◽  
Robert H. Eckel ◽  
John E. Hokanson ◽  
Brant R. Burkhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Dietary glycemic index and dietary glycemic load is associated with apelin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Yuzbashian ◽  
Golaleh Asghari ◽  
Maryam Aghayan ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Maryam Zarkesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Background Apelin, as an adipokine, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether the quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrates were associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 102 adults who underwent minor abdominal surgery were selected. Approximately 100 mg of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were collected during the surgery to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurment, blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. The dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were determined. Results The average apelin concentration was 269.6 ± 98.5(pg/mL), and 16.3% of participants were insulin resistant. There was a correlation between insulin (p-value = 0.043), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)(p-value = 0.045) and apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue. There was a positive association of apelin gene expression with dietary GI and GL after adjustment for age, sex, and waist circumference in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues(p < 0.05). Apelin gene expression in visceral(p = 0.002) and subcutaneous(p = 0.003) adipose tissues was directly associated with foods with a higher GI. There was no association between total carbohydrate intake and apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Conclusions Dietary GI and GL, not total carbohydrate intake, were positively associated with apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Future studies are warranted to illustrate the chronic and acute effect of carbohydrate quality on apelin homeostasis.

scholarly journals B-Cell-Activating Factor Depletion Ameliorates Aging-Dependent Insulin Resistance via Enhancement of Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5121
Author(s):  
Bobae Kim ◽  
Chang-Kee Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
B Cell Activating Factor ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Cold Challenge ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Deficient Mice

Impaired glucose tolerance is a common feature associated with human aging, which is caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Recent studies have suggested that B-cell-activating factor (BAFF), a cytokine that modulates proliferation and differentiation of B cells, and its receptors are expressed in mature adipocytes and preadipocytes, proposing BAFF as a potential regulator of energy metabolism. In this study, we show that systemic BAFF depletion improves aging-dependent insulin resistance. In aged (10-month-old) BAFF−/− mice, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were significantly improved despite higher adiposity as a result of expansion of adipose tissues compared to wild-type controls. BAFF−/− mice displayed an improved response to acute cold challenge, commensurate with the up-regulated expression of thermogenic genes in both brown and subcutaneous adipose tissues. These changes were found to be mediated by both increased M2-like (alternative) macrophage activation and enhanced leptin and FGF21 production, which may account for the improving effect of BAFF depletion on insulin resistance. In addition, leptin-deficient mice (ob/ob) showed augmented BAFF signaling concomitant with impaired thermogenic activity, identifying BAFF as a suppressive factor to thermogenesis. Our findings suggest that suppression of BAFF could be a therapeutic approach to attenuate aging-dependent insulin resistance.

scholarly journals NOD1 expression is increased in the adipose tissue of women with gestational diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Prostaglandin Production ◽  
Insulin Signalling Pathway ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Maternal peripheral insulin resistance and increased inflammation are two features of pregnancies, complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD) intracellular molecules recognise a wide range of microbial products, as well as other intracellular danger signals, thereby initiating inflammation through activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). The aim of this study was to determine whether levels of NOD1 and NOD2 are increased in adipose tissue of women with GDM. The effect of NOD1 and NOD2 activation on inflammation and the insulin signalling pathway was also assessed. NOD1, but not NOD2, expression was higher in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained from women with GDM when compared with those from women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). In both omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues from NGT and GDM women, the NOD1 ligand g-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) significantly induced the expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) and chemokine IL8;COX2(PTGS2) gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production; the expression and secretion of the extracellular matrix remodelling enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and the gene expression and secretion of the adhesion moleculesICAM1andVCAM1. There was no effect of the NOD2 ligand muramyl dipeptide on any of the endpoints tested. The effects of the NOD1 ligand iE-DAP were mediated via NFκB, as the NFκB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 significantly attenuated iE-DAP-induced expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines,COX2gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production,MMP9expression and secretion andICAM1andVCAM1gene expression and secretion. In conclusion, the present findings describe an important role for NOD1 in the development of insulin resistance and inflammation in pregnancies complicated by GDM.

Insulin resistance, systemic and regional inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue during weight loss in a population with obesity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederique Van de Velde ◽  
Margriet Ouwens ◽  
Arsene-Helene Batens ◽  
Samyah Shadid ◽  
Bruno Lapauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Characterisation of intramuscular, intermuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues in yearling bulls of different genetic groups

Meat Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aldai ◽  
A.I. Nájera ◽  
M.E.R. Dugan ◽  
R. Celaya ◽  
K. Osoro
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Metformin regulates metabolic and nonmetabolic pathways in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissues of older adults

Aging Cell ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. e12723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameya S Kulkarni ◽  
Erika F Brutsaert ◽  
Valentin Anghel ◽  
Kehao Zhang ◽  
Noah Bloomgarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose
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