Normal degree

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 661-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Degree

scholarly journals Assessment of Depression Severity During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Among the Palestinian Population: A Growing Concern and an Immediate Consideration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Al Zabadi ◽  
Thair Alhroub ◽  
Noor Yaseen ◽  
Maryam Haj-Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Prevalence ◽  
Normal Degree

Background: Aggressive quarantine and lockdown measures were implemented as protective public health actions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Assessing the psychological effects associated with these measures is an important attempt to inform local policymakers in an early stage. Yet little is known about these effects, specifically depression, among the Palestinians. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of depression among the Palestinian community during this pandemic.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey throughout social media (Facebook and Instagram) was carried out using an anonymous online questionnaire. The validated and standardized depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) was used to measure depression severity. A snowball technique recruiting the general public living in Palestine was conducted. Data were collected between 6 and 16 April 2020, which corresponded to the middle interval of strict massive lockdown in Palestine on 22 March to 5 May 2020. Multinomial logistic regression model was developed to predict depression severity.Results: About 2,819 respondents filled out the questionnaire. Depression prevalence was (57.5%; n = 1,621). Out of them, 66% had mild/moderate severity, and 34% had severe/extremely severe degree. Depression severity was negatively associated with age {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.98 (0.97–0.99)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.96 (0.94–0.97)]} degrees compared with normal degree. Males were significantly less likely to have higher depression than females {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.69 (0.57–0.85)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.40–0.86)]} degree. However, those who reported having inadequate food supply and lesser monthly incomes were more likely to have a higher degree of depression as compared with normal degree. Single persons were significantly more likely to have mild/moderate depression than those in a relationship [OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.05–1.64)].Conclusions: High depression prevalence (57.5%) among the Palestinian community during the COVID-19 pandemic is a growing public health concern. It is essential to provide psychological counseling and treatment during and after the pandemic for the targeted people at high risk (young age/female gender) who were affected psychologically. Strategic long-term policy to address pandemic ramifications, including depression, by implementing comprehensive interventions taking into account socioeconomic disparities, vulnerability, and inequities, is crucial to emerge from this crisis in Palestine.

On Immersion of Manifolds

1960 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Samelson
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Tangent Bundle ◽  
Normal Bundle ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Elementary Proof ◽  
Homology Class ◽  
Oriented Manifold ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Special Case

In (3) R. Lashof and S. Smale proved among other things the following theorem. If the compact oriented manifold M is immersed into the oriented manifold M', with dim M' ≥ dim M + 2, then the normal degree of the immersion is equal to the Euler-Poincaré characteristic x of M reduced module the characteristic x’ of M'. If M’ is not compact, x' is replaced by 0. “Manifold” always means C∞-manifold. An immersion is a differentiable (that is, C∞) map f whose differential df is non-singular throughout. The normal degree is defined in a certain fashion using the normal bundle of M in M', derived from f, and injecting it into the tangent bundle of M'It is our purpose to give an elementary proof, using vector fields, of this theorem, and at the same time to identify the homology class that represents the normal degree (Theorem I), and to give a proof, using the theory of Morse, for the special case M’ = Euclidean space (Theorem II).

The American Past: Is it Still Usable?

1967 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pole
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Time Continuum ◽  
The Revolution

The past, in the course of its ever-recurring encounters with the demands inflicted on it by the present, enjoys one inestimable advantage: it cannot answer, it is not even listening. ‘We ask and ask, thou smilest and art still’, we might almost say, giving to Arnold's ponderous lines a touch of unintended meaning. In spite of appearances to the contrary, even the American past is in the same position. Even after the lapse (the ‘revolution’, as Gibbon would have said) of more than three and a half centuries of continuous settlement, the historian who has been educated entirely in the tradition and the environment of the United States needs rather more than his European contemporary's normal degree of subtlety if he is to free himself from the peculiarly American version of the space-time continuum.

Acid-Soluble Deoxynucleotides and DNA Synthesis in Growing Yeast After X-Irradiation, I. Diphenylamine Positive Material in Synchronized and Asynchronously Growing Cells

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270
Author(s):  
Hans Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Positive Material ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Diphenylamine Reaction

In synchronized growing yeast, the level of acid-soluble purine deoxynucleotides, as determined by the diphenylamine reaction, fluctuates rhythmically: A rapid increase each time before DNA starts to replicate is followed by a considerable decrease during DNA augmentation. Delay of DNA replication by irradiation of synchronized yeast with 50 kr of X-rays results in a stepwise augmentation of deoxyribose derivatives. The fluctuating behaviour is restored, when DNA starts to increase, again. During asynchronous growth acid-soluble deoxyribosidic compounds are augmented with a considerably increased rate, when DNA replication is delayed by X-rays. The resulting unusual pool seize is maintained, even if DNA replication is resumed to a normal degree, but the rate of further increase is reduced to normal values. Parts of the rapidly accumulated deoxyribosidic material differ with some properties from purine deoxynucleotides.

Two kinds of cognitive deficit associated with chronic schizophrenia

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Frith
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

SynopsisThe performance of 21 chronic schizophrenic patients was investigated on two tests of feature selection. It was found that patients with negative symptoms (muteness, withdrawal, etc.) were characterized by an extreme lack of persistence, but selected usual features; whereas patients with positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, etc.) had a normal degree of persistence, but selected unusual features.

THE DEGREE OF BONE MINERALIZATION IN HYPERTHYROIDISM ESTIMATED FROM THE PHOSPHORUS TO HYDROXYPROLINE RATIO IN BONE

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Tougaard
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The proportion between mineral and collagen in bone tissue, "the degree of mineralization", can be evaluated from the phosphorus to hydroxyproline ratio (P/Hypro ratio), determined in bone biopsies. The ratio was measured in 27 unselected hyperthyroid patients. No significant correlation was found between the P/Hypro ratio and the age of the patient, the duration of the disease or the value of serum thyroxine. The mean value of the P/Hypro ratio for the group studied was not significantly different from the normal mean. The results of the study indicate a normal degree of mineralization in the bone of patients with hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals The action of vitamin D on the degree of mineralization of bone tissue in rats given adequate amounts of calcium and phosphorus in the diet

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Serum Analysis ◽  
Epiphyseal Plate ◽  
Degree Of Mineralization ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

1. The action of vitamin D on the degree of mineralization of the bone tissue of rats given a diet containing adequate amounts of calcium and phosphorus for 8 weeks has been investigated by quantitative microradiography. The method is described.2. There was a significant reduction in the growth of the vitamin D-deficient rats; the reduction was most marked in the females.3. Serum analysis showed a reduction in Ca, but P was unchanged. However, the Ca × P product was considered to be high enough to permit normal mineralization.4. The degree of mineralization of the cortical bone tissue increased significantly according to the distance from the epiphyseal plate. However, there were no significant differences between vitamin D-treated and vitamin D-deficient animals.5. It is concluded that vitamin D deficiency in rats does not prevent the formation of a bone matrix which can attain a normal degree of mineralization.

scholarly journals Considerations regarding test methods against dust and water ingress protection for Ex equipment

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00048
Author(s):  
Niculina Vătavu ◽  
Mihaela Părăian ◽  
Sorin Vătavu ◽  
Mihai Popa
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Water Ingress ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Explosion Risk

The explosion danger in all industries where explosive atmospheres generated by the mixture of combustible dusts or flammable gases with air may form, must be treated as a major hazard, as the explosions that may occur can seriously affect both health and safety people, as well as the environment. It is therefore necessary to assess the explosion risk and to establish appropriate measures to reduce it to acceptable levels in accordance with the requirements of the European Directives. An essential element in the assessment of the explosion risk for electrical and non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres is the way in which an appropriate normal degree of protection is provided through the equipment housing (protection against touching of dangerous parts inside the equipment housing and protection against the ingress of dust and water inside it). The aim of the paper is to highlight compliance with the requirements of the ATEX Directive, given that this protection is a basic requirement for explosion protection and to present the important elements to be considered for the assessment of the normal degree of protection and the development of harmonized test methods with the requirements of European standards.

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