Regional determination of oxygen uptake in rodent lungs using hyperpolarized gas and an analytical treatment of intrapulmonary gas redistribution

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Kadlecek ◽  
Puttisarn Mongkolwisetwara ◽  
Yi Xin ◽  
Masaru Ishii ◽  
Harilla Profka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Hyperpolarized Gas ◽  
Regional Determination

A method for measurement of oxygen uptake in neonates

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Raemer ◽  
D. R. Westenskow ◽  
D. K. Gehmlich ◽  
C. P. Richardson ◽  
W. S. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Newborn Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Newborn Intensive Care

The frequent use of continuous positive airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure in newborn infants with pulmonary disease has prevented the use of conventional methods for measuring oxygen uptake (VO2) in intensive-care units. A feed-back replenishment technique for the determination of the oxygen uptake of these newborn infants has been developed. An instrument utilizing this method has been designed and built permitting continuous VO2 monitoring without interfering in the routine ventilatory therapy of the critically ill infant. Theoretical, bench, and animal experiments using room air as an inspired gas indicate instrument accuracies as a percentage of full scale of 2.4, 2.8, and 7.3, respectively. Preliminary trials on infants demonstrate that the instrument functions satisfactorily in the newborn intensive-care unit.

Verification phase as a useful tool in the determination of the maximal oxygen uptake of distance runners

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
Lars R. McNaughton ◽  
Sean Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Volitional Exhaustion

This study investigated the utility of a verification phase for increasing confidence that a “true” maximal oxygen uptake had been elicited in 16 male distance runners (mean age (±SD), 38.7  (± 7.5 y)) during an incremental treadmill running test continued to volitional exhaustion. After the incremental test subjects performed a 10 min recovery walk and a verification phase performed to volitional exhaustion at a running speed 0.5 km·h–1 higher than that attained during the last completed stage of the incremental phase. Verification criteria were a verification phase peak oxygen uptake ≤ 2% higher than the incremental phase value and peak heart rate values within 2 beats·min–1 of each other. Of the 32 tests, 26 satisfied the oxygen uptake verification criterion and 23 satisfied the heart rate verification criterion. Peak heart rate was lower (p = 0.001) during the verification phase than during the incremental phase, suggesting that the verification protocol was inadequate in eliciting maximal values in some runners. This was further supported by the fact that 7 tests exhibited peak oxygen uptake values over 100 mL·min–1 (≥ 3%) lower than the peak values attained in the incremental phase. Further research is required to improve the verification procedure before its utility can be confirmed.

Regional Determination of Historical Heavy Rain for Reconstruction of Extreme Flood Events

In Extremis ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Paul Dostal ◽  
Florian Imbery ◽  
Katrin Bürger ◽  
Jochen Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Regional Determination

scholarly journals A Statistical Analysis of Some Measures of the State of A Glacier’s “Health”

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (61) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Dugdale
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The State ◽  
Equilibrium Line ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Regional Determination

AbstractData from Norwegian glaciers and statistical tests are presented which suggest that vertical net-budget gradient, ablation gradient and equilibrium-line altitude can be taken as characteristic for any particular glacier. The usefulness of these conceptual models as predictive techniques for the regional determination of glacier net budget when only a small sample is available, and in palaeo-net-budget studies, is shown to be limited.

A ‘Hyaline’ Layer in the Skin of Squids

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Madan ◽  
M.J. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

The skin of Loligo vulgaris and Illex illecebrosus contains a thick layer of amorphous material. In Loligo it lies above and in Illex below the chromatophore layer. We can find no mention of this layer in the considerable literature on squid skins despite its potential importance as a protection to underlying tissues and as a possible barrier to cutaneous oxygen uptake.Cephalopods have soft complicated skins. Embedded in the skin, most species have chromatophores, small bags of pigment that can be expanded by muscles that are under direct nervous control from the brain. There is an extensive literature on the physiology of chromatophores (Packard, 1988) and on their function in the behaviour of the animals (Hanlon & Messenger, 1996; Packard & Hochberg, 1977). Further cutaneous structures concerned in the determination of the colour of living cephalopods, the reflecting iridophores and leucophores (Cloney & Brocco, 1983), and the light generating photophores (Herring, 1988), have been the subject of a number of reports but other skin features such as the distribution of blood vessels have attracted little attention.

Do we underestimate maximal oxygen uptake in cancer survivors? Findings from a supramaximal verification test

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Schneider ◽  
Kathrin Schlüter ◽  
Joachim Wiskemann ◽  
Friederike Rosenberger
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Cancer survivors demonstrate a reduced maximal oxygen uptake, which is clinically relevant in terms of overall survival. However, it remains uncertain whether they attain their “true maximal oxygen uptake” in a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). In the present study, a supramaximal verification bout (Verif) was applied in cancer survivors to confirm attainment of maximal oxygen uptake. Seventy-five participants (age, 61 ± 12 years; n = 43 females with breast cancer and n = 32 males with prostate cancer, 6–52 weeks after primary therapy) performed a CPET on a cycle ergometer and a Verif at 110% peak power output. As verification criterion, maximal oxygen uptake in Verif should not exceed maximal oxygen uptake in CPET by >3%. On average, maximal oxygen uptake was significantly lower in Verif compared with CPET (1.60 ± 0.38 L·min–1 vs. 1.65 ± 0.36 L·min–1, p = .023). On the individual level, n = 51 (68%) satisfied the verification criterion, whereas n = 24 (32%) demonstrated a higher maximal oxygen uptake in Verif. n = 69 (92%) fulfilled ≥2 secondary criteria for maximal exhaustion in the CPET. While maximal oxygen uptake was not underestimated in the CPET on average, one-third of cancer survivors did not attain their true maximal oxygen uptake. Verif appears feasible and beneficial to confirm true maximal oxygen uptake in this population. Furthermore, it might be more reliable than secondary criteria for maximal exhaustion. Novelty In about one-third of cancer survivors, maximal oxygen uptake is underestimated by a CPET. This underestimation of maximal oxygen uptake is not necessarily indicated by secondary criteria for maximal exhaustion. A supramaximal verification bout appears feasible and helpful for the determination of maximal oxygen uptake in cancer survivors.

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