Central and peripheral motor conduction to cremasteric muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ertekin ◽  
F. Bademkiran ◽  
N. Yildiz ◽  
K. Ozdedeli ◽  
B. Altay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cremasteric Muscle ◽  
Peripheral Motor

scholarly journals Transplantation Strategies to Reconstruct the Injured Spinal Cord and its Peripheral Motor Connections in the Adult Rat

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Horvat ◽  
Monique Pecot-Dechavassine ◽  
Claude Baillet-Derbin ◽  
Jean-Claude Mira ◽  
Jian Hui Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Injured Spinal Cord ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Peripheral Motor

Cremasteric muscle hypertrophy accompanies inguinal hernias in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1320-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brisson ◽  
Haroon Patel ◽  
Neil Feins
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Inguinal Hernias ◽  
Cremasteric Muscle

scholarly journals Spinal Motor and Sensory Neurons Are Androgen Targets in an Acrobatic Bird

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (8) ◽  
pp. 3780-3791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Fuxjager ◽  
J. Douglas Schultz ◽  
Julia Barske ◽  
Ni Y. Feng ◽  
Leonida Fusani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Spinal Neurons ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Courtship Activity ◽  
Peripheral Motor

Sex steroids affect the motivation to court mates, but less is known about how they influence motor movements associated with courtship behavior. Steroidal control of motor function may be especially important for species in which courtship requires superior strength, stamina, and neuromuscular coordination. Here we use the golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus) to examine whether the neuromuscular circuitry that controls motoric aspects of courtship activity is sensitive to androgens. Males of this tropical species attract mates by rapidly jumping among branches in a courtship arena and using their wings to produce loud wing snaps. Testosterone activates this display via the androgen receptor (AR), and past work reveals that manakins injected with radio-labeled T (3H-T) accumulate radioactivity in the spinal cord. Thus, we used quantitative PCR to measure AR, estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) subtype, and aromatase (AROM) mRNA in spinal cords of male and female manakins and zebra finches. Expression of AR, but not ER-α or aromatase, was higher throughout the manakin spinal cord compared with the zebra finch. Next, we tested whether AR-expressing skeletal muscles are innervated by motor and sensory neurons that also express AR. To do this, we backfilled spinal neurons by injecting fluorescent tracers into select AR-sensitive wing and leg muscles of wild caught male and female manakins. We then removed these spinal cords and measured AR expression with in situ hybridization. Both sexes showed abundant AR mRNA in the cervical and lumbosacral spinal enlargements as well as in dorsal root ganglia attached to these enlargements. Together our findings suggest that androgens act widely on peripheral motor and sensory circuits in golden-collared manakins to influence wing snapping displays.

scholarly journals Clinical, Neurophysiological, and MRI Markers of Fampridine Responsiveness in Multiple Sclerosis—An Explorative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Mamoei ◽  
Henrik Boye Jensen ◽  
Andreas Kristian Pedersen ◽  
Mikkel Karl Emil Nygaard ◽  
Simon Fristed Eskildsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Lesion Load ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Peripheral Motor

Objective: Persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), already established as responders or non-responders to Fampridine treatment, were compared in terms of disability measures, physical and cognitive performance tests, neurophysiology, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes in a 1-year explorative longitudinal study.Materials and Methods: Data from a 1-year longitudinal study were analyzed. Examinations consisted of the timed 25-foot walk test (T25FW), six spot step test (SSST), nine-hole peg test (9-HPT), five times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), symbol digit modalities test (SDMT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) elicited motor evoked potentials (MEP) examining central motor conduction times (CMCT), peripheral motor conduction times (PMCT) and their amplitudes, electroneuronography (ENG) of the lower extremities, and brain structural MRI measures.Results: Forty-one responders and eight non-responders to Fampridine treatment were examined. There were no intergroup differences except for the PMCT, where non-responders had prolonged conduction times compared to responders to Fampridine. Six spot step test was associated with CMCT throughout the study. After 1 year, CMCT was further prolonged and cortical MEP amplitudes decreased in both groups, while PMCT and ENG did not change. Throughout the study, CMCT was associated with the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and 12-item multiple sclerosis walking scale (MSWS-12), while SDMT was associated with number of T2-weighted lesions, lesion load, and lesion load normalized to brain volume.Conclusions: Peripheral motor conduction time is prolonged in non-responders to Fampridine when compared to responders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation-elicited MEPs and SDMT can be used as markers of disability progression and lesion activity visualized by MRI, respectively.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03401307.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Netrin Genes in Drosophila: Netrins Guide CNS Commissural Axons and Peripheral Motor Axons

Neuron ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J Mitchell ◽  
Jennifer L Doyle ◽  
Tito Serafini ◽  
Timothy E Kennedy ◽  
Marc Tessier-Lavigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Motor Axons ◽  
Commissural Axons ◽  
Peripheral Motor

Muscle development is independent of innervation during Drosophila embryogenesis

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Broadie ◽  
M. Bate
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Pattern ◽  
Motor Nerves ◽  
Embryonic Myogenesis ◽  
Peripheral Motor

We have examined the role of innervation in directing embryonic myogenesis, using a mutant (prospero), which delays the pioneering of peripheral motor nerves of the Drosophila embryo. In the absence of motor nerves, myoblasts fuse normally to form syncytial myotubes, myotubes form normal attachments to the epidermis, and a larval musculature comparable to the wild-type pattern is generated and maintained. Likewise, the twist-expressing myoblasts that prefigure the adult musculature segregate normally in the absence of motor nerves, migrate to their final embryonic positions and continue to express twist until the end of embryonic development. In the absence of motor nerves, myotubes uncouple at the correct developmental stage to form single cells. Subsequently, uninnervated myotubes develop the mature electrical and contractile properties of larval muscles with a time course indistinguishable from normally innervated myotubes. We conclude that innervation plays no role in the patterning, morphogenesis, maintenance or physiological development of the somatic muscles in the Drosophila embryo.

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