Seasonal and pharmaceutical‐induced changes in selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 4 activity in the reproductive dynamics of the soil biosentinel Podarcis sicula (Chordata: Reptilia )

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1378-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Guerriero ◽  
Costantino Parisi ◽  
Fagr Kh. Abdel‐Gawad ◽  
Olfa Hentati ◽  
Gerardino D'Errico
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Podarcis Sicula ◽  
Induced Changes

Cisplatin-induced changes of selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities in blood of testis tumor patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Vernie ◽  
J.J.M. De Goeij ◽  
C. Zegers ◽  
M. De Vries ◽  
G.S. Baldew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Testis Tumor ◽  
Induced Changes

Oxidative Stress Markers After a Race in Professional Cyclists

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Córdova ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
María L. Albina ◽  
Victoria Linares ◽  
Montse Bellés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The aim was to determine the levels and activities of the oxidative stress markers in erythrocytes, plasma, and urine after a flat cyclist stage. Eight voluntary male professional trained-cyclists participated in the study. Exercise significantly increased erythrocyte, leukocyte, platelet, and reticulocyte counts. The exercise induced significant increases in the erythrocyte activities of catalase (19.8%) and glutathione reductase (19.2%), while glutathione peroxidase activity decreased significantly (29.3%). Erythrocyte GSSG concentration was significantly increased after exercise (21.4%), whereas GSH was significantly diminished (20.4%). Erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels evidenced a significant decrease 3 h after finishing the stage (44.3%). Plasma malondialdehyde, GSH and GSSG levels significantly decreased after 3 hr recovery (26.8%, 48.6%, and 31.1%, respectively). The exercise significantly increased the F2-isoprostane concentration in urine from 359 ± 71 pg/mg creatinine to 686 ± 139 pg/mg creatinine. In conclusion, a flat cycling stage induced changes in oxidative stress markers in erythrocytes, plasma, and urine of professional cyclists. Urine F2-isoprostane is a more useful biomarker for assessing the effects of acute exercise than the traditional malondialdehyde measurement.

scholarly journals Developmental-induced changes of metabolic and antioxidant responses in the skeletal muscles of sea trout (Salmo trutta L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Natalia Kurhaluk ◽  
Halyna Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Sea Trout ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe goal of the current study was to characterize developmental-induced changes of the metabolic and antioxidant responses in the skeletal muscles of the anadromous sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) from the Baltic Sea and its catchment area rivers. Activities of the metabolic enzymes, i.e., lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, their ratios representing aerobic, anaerobic, and amino acid metabolisms, the level of the metabolites (pyruvate and lactate), the activities of several key antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reductase), and a marker of lipid peroxidation (2-Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) were evaluated. The current study revealed the impact of the sex and different developmental stages of the sea trout (parr, smolts, spawners, adults, and kelts) on the effective formation of adaptive oxygen-dependent mechanisms. A stable developmental-related tendency toward increased lipid peroxidation in muscle tissues was observed. Glutathione peroxidase in muscle tissues played a leading role in the different stages of trout development. A switch of the muscle cytosolic redox potential from the aerobic pathway to anaerobic glycolysis was observed. These results indicated that energy-related cellular components and metabolic enzymes could compensate for adaptive mechanisms without any serious damage to muscle tissues. The differences in the enzyme activities were associated with the reorganization of the energy-related metabolic pathways (anaerobic and aerobic pathways) during spawning. This process was one of the adaptation mechanisms of this fish.

Interpretation of irradiation-induced changes in electron diffractograms and images of extinction contours at low temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
E. Knapek ◽  
H. Formanek ◽  
G. Lefranc ◽  
I. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Organic Crystals ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Electron Diffractograms ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Induced Changes

A few years ago results on cryoprotection of L-valine were reported, where the values of the critical fluence De i.e, the electron exposure which decreases the intensity of the diffraction reflections by a factor e, amounted to the order of 2000 + 1000 e/nm2. In the meantime a discrepancy arose, since several groups published De values between 100 e/nm2 and 1200 e/nm2 /1 - 4/. This disagreement and particularly the wide spread of the results induced us to investigate more thoroughly the behaviour of organic crystals at very low temperatures during electron irradiation.For this purpose large L-valine crystals with homogenuous thickness were deposited on holey carbon films, thin carbon films or Au-coated holey carbon films. These specimens were cooled down to nearly liquid helium temperature in an electron microscope with a superconducting lens system and irradiated with 200 keU-electrons. The progress of radiation damage under different preparation conditions has been observed with series of electron diffraction patterns and direct images of extinction contours.

Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

Digital x-ray mapping of nanometer-size supported bimetallic catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
L. T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Induced Changes

Understanding the role of metal cluster composition in determining catalytic selectivity and activity is of major interest in heterogeneous catalysis. The electron microscope is well established as a powerful tool for ultrastructural and compositional characterization of support and catalyst. Because the spatial resolution of x-ray microanalysis is defined by the smallest beam diameter into which the required number of electrons can be focused, the dedicated STEM with FEG is the instrument of choice. The main sources of errors in energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) are: (1) beam-induced changes in specimen composition, (2) specimen drift, (3) instrumental factors which produce background radiation, and (4) basic statistical limitations which result in the detection of a finite number of x-ray photons. Digital beam techniques have been described for supported single-element metal clusters with spatial resolutions of about 10 nm. However, the detection of spurious characteristic x-rays away from catalyst particles produced images requiring several image processing steps.

Immunogold localization of calmodulin in root caps of the maize Cultivar Merit

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
P.T. Nguyen ◽  
C. Uphoff ◽  
C.L. Stinemetz
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Immunogold Localization ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Maize Cultivar ◽  
Gravity Response ◽  
Induced Changes

Considerable evidence suggest that the calcium-binding protein calmodulin (CaM) may mediate calcium action and/or transport important in the gravity response of plants. Calmodulin is present in both shoots and roots and is capable of regulating calcium transport in plant vesicles. In roots calmodulin is concentrated in the tip, the gravisensing region of the root; and is reported to be closely associated with amyloplasts, organelles suggested to play a primary role in gravi-perception. Inhibitors of CaM such as chlorpromazine, calmidazolium, and compound 48/80 interfere with the gravitropic response of both snoots and roots. The magnitude of the inhibition corresponded well with the extent to which the drug binds to endogenous CaM. Compound 48/80 and calmidazolium block gravi-induced changes in electrical currents across root tips, a phenomenon thought to be associated with the sensing of the gravity stimulus.In this study, we have investigated the subcellular distribution of CaM in graviresponsive and non-graviresponsive root caps of the maize cultivar Merit.

Identifying groups of airborne particles by ordination

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
M. Shlepr ◽  
C. M. Vicroy
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Microelectronics Industry ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Source Materials

The microelectronics industry is heavily tasked with minimizing contaminates at all steps of the manufacturing process. Particles are generated by physical and/or chemical fragmentation from a mothersource. The tools and macrovolumes of chemicals used for processing, the environment surrounding the process, and the circuits themselves are all potential particle sources. A first step in eliminating these contaminants is to identify their source. Elemental analysis of the particles often proves useful toward this goal, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) is a commonly used technique. However, the large variety of source materials and process induced changes in the particles often make it difficult to discern if the particles are from a common source.Ordination is commonly used in ecology to understand community relationships. This technique usespair-wise measures of similarity. Separation of the data set is based on discrimination functions. Theend product is a spatial representation of the data with the distance between points equaling the degree of dissimilarity.

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