scholarly journals Friday Harbor Laboratories & Embryology: Then and now

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (10-11) ◽  
pp. Fm ii-Fm iv
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Whiteley
Keyword(s):  
Friday Harbor

Rhysia fletcheri (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Rhysiidae), a new species of colonial hydroid from Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) and the San Juan Archipelago (Washington, U.S.A.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brinckmann-Voss ◽  
D. M. Lickey ◽  
C. E. Mills
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
San Juan ◽  
San Juan Islands ◽  
Friday Harbor ◽  
Rocky Coast ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Colonial Hydroid ◽  
A New Species

A new species of colonial athecate hydroid, Rhysia fletcheri, is described from Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, and from Friday Harbor, Washington, U.S.A. Its relationship to Rhysia autumnalis Brinckmann from the Mediterranean and Rhysia halecii (Hickson and Gravely) from the Antarctic and Japan is discussed. Rhysia fletcheri differs from Rhysia autumnalis and Rhysia halecii in the gastrozooid having distinctive cnidocyst clusters on its hypostome and few, thick tentacles. Most of its female gonozooids have no tentacles. Colonies of R. fletcheri are without dactylozooids. The majority of R. fletcheri colonies are found growing on large barnacles or among the hydrorhiza of large thecate hydrozoans. Rhysia fletcheri occurs in relatively sheltered waters of the San Juan Islands and on the exposed rocky coast of southern Vancouver Island.

A new hydrozoan, Geomackiea zephyrolata gen. nov., sp. nov. (Anthomedusae: Pandeidae), from inland marine waters of British Columbia and Washington State

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 2172-2175
Author(s):  
Claudia E. Mills
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Gonad Morphology ◽  
Saanich Inlet ◽  
The Family ◽  
Friday Harbor ◽  
Vertical Distributions

The hydromedusa Geomackiea zephyrolata gen. nov., sp. nov. is described and illustrated. It has been placed in the subfamily Protiarinae of the family Pandeidae on the basis of its stomach and gonad morphology and the four large perradial tentacles with conical basal bulbs. A new genus has been erected because the medusa is supplied with four broad interradial bulbs, each rimmed by up to eight closely packed solid tentaculae. A total of 29 specimens with bell heights of 0.9–3.5 mm have been collected in the plankton of Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, and Friday Harbor, Washington, between 1978 and 1981. Juvenile as well as adult specimens are described and the cnidome, gametes, seasonal and vertical distributions, and taxonomic affinities within the family Pandeidae are discussed.

Benthic Egg Masses and Larval Development of Amblyosyllis Speciosa (Polychaeta: Syllidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1369-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pernet
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brood Chamber ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Boring Sponge ◽  
Friday Harbor ◽  
Bivalve Shell ◽  
Encrusting Sponges ◽  
Protection Of Embryos

Eggs of the syllid polychaete Atnblyosyllis speciosa are deposited in benthic gelatinous masses. Embryos and larvae develop within these masses until about three weeks after fertilization, after which they crawl or swim away and metamorphose. Only one other syllid, the Mediterranean Syllides edentula, has been reported to form benthic egg masses.While some syllid polychaetes spawn gametes freely into the water column where they are fertilized and develop without additional parental care, most species protect developing embryos in some fashion. Four modes of brood protection have been reported in the syllids. Protection of embryos within the ventral brood chamber of a planktonic adult is characteristic of members of the subfamily Autolytinae, and of some members of the Eusyllinae (Garwood, 1991). Physical attachment of embryos to the body of the maternal parent (external gestation) occurs in all members of the Exogoninae and in a few eusyllines (Heacox & Schroeder, 1978; Garwood, 1991). Viviparity is less common, having been reported in a few species in the subfamily Syllinae (Schroeder & Hermans, 1975; Ben-Eliahu, 1975) and in one exogonine (Pocklington & Hutcheson, 1983). Finally, the formation of benthic egg masses has been described in only one species, the eusylline Syllides edentula Claparède (Cognetti-Varriale, 1971).In this study the benthic egg masses and development of another eusylline, Amblyosyllis speciosa Izuka, 1912, are described. In December 1995, at the Friday Harbor Laboratories (FHL), Washington, USA, five adult worms were found on a bivalve shell heavily infested with the boring sponge Cliona sp. Additional specimens and egg masses were collected in June 1996 and April-June 1997 from encrusting sponges on the FHL breakwater.

The nervous system of a pilidium larva: evidence from electron microscope reconstructions

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1909-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Lacalli ◽  
J. E. West
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Ciliary Band ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Larval Nervous System ◽  
Marginal Band ◽  
Friday Harbor ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
First Time

The principal ultrastructural features of a pilidium larva from Friday Harbor (pilidium A, unidentified as to species) are summarized and, based on electron microscope reconstructions, the larval nervous system is described for the first time. Ciliary effectors in the larva include the marginal ciliary band, which is drawn out to form a small accessory ridge at each of the junctions between lobes, and a pair of suboral (buccal) ridges, one on either side of the stomodeum, that run between the mouth and marginal band. The nervous system consists of a small intratrochal nerve supplying the marginal band, an oral nerve that encircles the mouth at the junction of stomodeum and stomach, and a pair of nerves connecting these that run beneath the suboral ridges. The nerve fibres appear to arise from uniciliate cells in the marginal band and the suboral region. The organization, innervation, and behavior of pilidium A are discussed briefly with reference to Müller's larva, a related larva with a similar type of trochal innervation.

scholarly journals Swimming in the Pteropod Mollusc, Clione Umacina: I. Behaviour and Morphology

1985 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD A. SATTERLIE ◽  
MICHAEL LABARBERA ◽  
ANDREW N. SPENCER
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Half Cycle ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Wing Movement ◽  
Friday Harbor ◽  
Maximal Angle ◽  
Clione Limacina ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Wing Tips

In the pteropod mollusc Clione limacina (Phipps), swimming is accomplished through alternate dorsal and ventral flexions of a pair of strongly muscularized wing-like parapodia (wings). Wing musculature is arranged in seven muscle groups. The two outer most dorsal and ventralgroups produce the bending movements of swimming. The three innermuscle groups include longitudinal and transverse wing retractors and dorsoventral muscles. The overall muscle arrangement is similar to that of the generalized mollusc foot. During hovering locomotion the wings pronate on downstroke and supinate on upstroke to produce a maximal angle of attack of 42° for both phases. Wing tips nearly touch or overlap in the saggital plane at the extreme of each half-cycle. High speed movie analysis of hovering swimming indicates that upstroke and downstroke are nearly symmetrical. It is suggested that wings produce lift in both wing phases. We estimate from wing dimensions and velocity measurements that the Reynolds number of the wings is approximately 200. A novel lift-generating mechanism, similar to the ‘clap-and-fling’ of insects, may be utilized by the Clione wing to generate lift throughout the wing cycle despite the reversal of wing movement in each half-stroke. Note: A significant portion of this work was conducted at Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, Washington.

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