Recovery from widespread bone marrow necrosis occurring after chemotherapy for adult acute monocytic leukemia

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Sporn ◽  
Margaret A. Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Necrosis

Translocation (X;20)(q13;q13.3): Report of Three Additional Cases.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4264-4264
Author(s):  
Chandrika Sreekantaiah
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Recurrent Translocation ◽  
History Of

We report a recurrent translocation (X;20)(q13;q13.3) in three patients. The translocation was the sole chromosomal abnormality in all three patients and the number of cells with the abnormality varied from three to seventeen out of twenty metaphases analyzed for each patient. The patients were all female with ages ranging from 66 to 83. The presenting symptoms were variable but all included a history of anemia. Bone marrow aspiration showed acute monocytic leukemia in one patient and normocellular bone marrow with no detectable morphologic or immunophenotypic evidence of neoplasm in the other two. Only eight cases with the translocation have previously been reported. Seven of these cases had either myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia and one patient had pancytopenia of unknown etiology. Repeated bone marrow evaluations on this patient showed no dyspoietic changes. The t(X;20) has clearly been established as a nonrandom abnormality, however, the clinical significance of the translocation is not clear. Close follow up of these patients is therefore essential. Characterization at the molecular level will also help to determine the genes involved and the mechanism of their action.

Pernicious Anemia Mimicking MDS by Del(3p) in Cytogenetics and Monocytic Leukemia in Trephine Biopsy by Highly Expression of CD163 Positive Cells

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 5038-5038
Author(s):  
Stefani Parmentier ◽  
Jörg Meinel ◽  
Christiane Jakob ◽  
Anke Frömmel ◽  
Brigitte Mohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cytogenetic Aberration ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Blast Cells

Abstract Abstract 5038 Case Report We report of a 53 year old woman who presented repeatedly with syncopes over a period of 3 months. Laboratory results revealed severe pancytopenia (Hb 4.6 mmol/l (7.4 g/dl), WBC 1.22 Gpt/L, platelet count 13 Gpt/L) and severe hemolysis (haptoglobin < 0.20 g/l, normal range 0.3–2.0 g/l; LDH 33.1 μmol/s*l, normal range 2.25–3.55 μmol/s*l). Routine examination of the bone marrow aspirate showed typical features of megaloblastic erythropoiesis, which could be confirmed by a low serum cobalamin level (53 pg/ml, normal 211–911 pg/ml) and the presence of anti-intrinsic factor antibody (16.84 U/ml). Additionally, atrophic gastritis was seen in biopsies taken of gastric mucosa. The diagnosis of pernicious anemia was suspected and the patient treated with cobalamin. Except for hemoglobin, the peripheral blood counts recovered within one week. Meanwhile, cytogenetics from the bone marrow revealed metaphases with del(3p) and histopathological results were suspicious of an increased number of blast cells with highly expression of CD163 possibly mimicking MDS or (acute) monocytic leukemia. Therefore, bone marrow examination was repeated two weeks after recovery, which still showed dysplastic changes paralleling hematopoietic recovery but no increased number of blast cells. Additionally, the cytogenetic aberration had disappeared. Discussion Diagnostic work-up for megaloblastic anemia rarely includes cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells. Therefore, the finding of a transient cytogenetic aberration has possibly not reported frequently before in the literature. In our case, the initial finding of del(3p) appears to be due to ineffective hematopoiesis caused by vitamin B12 deficiency which leads to impaired DNA synthesis and genomic instability. This might be an explanation for this cytogenetic abnormality which disappeared after substitution of cobalamin. CD163 is exclusively expressed on monocytes and macrophages and with signs of (slightly) increased blast counts might mimic (acute) monocytic leukemia. However, in pernicious anemia with severe hemolysis as seen in this case it might reflect an acute phase reaction, as CD163 represents a signal-inducing macrophage receptor that scavenges haemoglobin by mediating endocytosis of haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes. In conclusion, vitamin B12 deficiency might be associated with cytogenetic abnormalities and thus in addition to the bone marrow morphology feign certain haematological diseases. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Cytochemical, functional, and proliferative characteristics of promonocytes and monocytes from patients with monocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R van Furth ◽  
TL van Zwet
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This article deals with a prospective study on the cytochemical, functional, and proliferative characteristics of promonocytes and bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes of 20 patients with acute monocytic leukemia and 7 patients with chronic monocytic leukemia. The results show a wide variation in the peroxidase and esterase activities in these cells, whereas the percentages of mononuclear phagocytes with Fc gamma and C3b receptors did not differ appreciably from those in normal individuals. A discriminant analysis of these data and corresponding data from normal individuals showed that a below-normal peroxidase activity of circulating monocytes has predictive value for the presence of monocytic leukemia; a below-normal esterase activity has less, but nevertheless some, predictive value in this respect. An increase in the percentage of circulating monocytes, a decrease in the percentage of Fc gamma or C3b receptors, and a decline in the ability to phagocytose bacteria has no predictive value for the presence of monocytic leukemia. The mean percentage of patients' promonocytes that incorporated 3H-thymidine amounted to 80.9%, which is close to the control value in normal individuals. The mean values for the labeling indices of cultured bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes are 1.0% and 0.74%, respectively; when 3H-thymidine was added to whole blood, the labeling index of the monocytes amounted to 3.6%. These percentages are only a little higher than those found for monocytes of normal individuals. These results indicate that the majority of the circulating monocytes in acute and chronic monocytic leukemia are not actively dividing or blast cells.

scholarly journals HEMOPHAGOCYTOSIS BY BLASTS IN A CHILD WITH ACUTE MONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Granero Farias ◽  
Priscila Aparecida Correa Freitas ◽  
Fabiane Spagnol ◽  
Meriene Viquetti de Souza ◽  
Ana Paula Alegretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chemotherapy Regimen ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Diagnostic Profile ◽  
Rare Malignancy

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the case of a child who presented hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) associated with acute monocytic leukemia after chemotherapy, with hemophagocytosis caused by leukemic cells. Case description: In a university hospital in Southern Brazil, a 3-year-old female was diagnosed with acute monocytic leukemia with normal karyotype. The chemotherapy regimen was initiated, and she achieved complete remission six months later, relapsing after four months with a complex karyotype involving chromosomes 8p and 16q. The bone marrow showed vacuolated blasts with a monocytic aspect and evidence of hemophagocytosis. The child presented progressive clinical deterioration and died two months after the relapse. Comments: HLH is a rare and aggressive inflammatory condition characterized by cytopenias, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, and hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. Although rare, malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH) is fatal. The patient in this case report met five out of the eight established criteria for HLH. The evolution of the patient’s karyotype, regardless of the diagnostic profile, seemed secondary to the treatment for acute monocytic leukemia. In this case, the cytogenetic instability might have influenced the abnormal behavior of leukemic cells. This is a rare case of HLH in a child with acute monocytic leukemia.

scholarly journals Cytochemical, functional, and proliferative characteristics of promonocytes and monocytes from patients with monocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304
Author(s):  
R van Furth ◽  
TL van Zwet
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
The Mean

This article deals with a prospective study on the cytochemical, functional, and proliferative characteristics of promonocytes and bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes of 20 patients with acute monocytic leukemia and 7 patients with chronic monocytic leukemia. The results show a wide variation in the peroxidase and esterase activities in these cells, whereas the percentages of mononuclear phagocytes with Fc gamma and C3b receptors did not differ appreciably from those in normal individuals. A discriminant analysis of these data and corresponding data from normal individuals showed that a below-normal peroxidase activity of circulating monocytes has predictive value for the presence of monocytic leukemia; a below-normal esterase activity has less, but nevertheless some, predictive value in this respect. An increase in the percentage of circulating monocytes, a decrease in the percentage of Fc gamma or C3b receptors, and a decline in the ability to phagocytose bacteria has no predictive value for the presence of monocytic leukemia. The mean percentage of patients' promonocytes that incorporated 3H-thymidine amounted to 80.9%, which is close to the control value in normal individuals. The mean values for the labeling indices of cultured bone marrow and peripheral blood monocytes are 1.0% and 0.74%, respectively; when 3H-thymidine was added to whole blood, the labeling index of the monocytes amounted to 3.6%. These percentages are only a little higher than those found for monocytes of normal individuals. These results indicate that the majority of the circulating monocytes in acute and chronic monocytic leukemia are not actively dividing or blast cells.

Bone marrow transplantation for acute monocytic leukemia following the treatment of hodgkin's disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Russell ◽  
Berend Houwen ◽  
Bernard A. Ruether ◽  
Kyu H. Shin ◽  
Allan R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia

scholarly journals Establishment of Human Acute Monocyte Leukemia Model with Systemic Leukemia in Npg Mice

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4041-4041
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Zhenjiang Li ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Wenfeng He ◽  
Jifu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Although tumor cells are easily to growth in the bodies of immunodeficicent animals such as nude mice and NOD-SCID mice, it's hard for acute leukemia cells to grow in the bone marrow of nude mice or NOD-SCID mice even when mice receive extra immunosuppressive treatment such as splenectomy, cyclophosphamide and irradiation. This study aimed to establish a mice model with systemic leukemia using another highly immunodeficicent NPG mice without immunosuppressive treatment before inoculation. 5-week NPG mice were inoculated with 1x107(Group A) or 5x107 (Group B) SHI-1 cells (a cell line derived from a refractory acute monocytic leukemia patient) via tail vein. One NPG mice in each group was killed by ether randomly at the day 14, 21, 28 after inoculation, other NPG mice were observed the survival time. The leukemic cells engrafted in the NPG mice were detected by the following methods: the blast cells were detected by the blood smear and flow cytometer, the MLL-AF6 fuse gene of SHI-1 cells were detected by PCR amplification, the human CD45 positive cells infiltrated in the organs of NPG mice were detected by histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. At the day 14 after inoculation with SHI-1 cells, fewer blasts cells were found in the smear of peripheral blood of group B; MLL-AF6 fuse gene could be amplified in the spleen of NPG mice in group A and in spleen and bone marrow in group B (Fig A); histopathological examination had shown that CD45 positive leukemia cell just infiltrated in spleen. At the day 21 after inoculation, more blasts were found in the smear of peripheral blood both in group A and B; MLL-AF6 fuse gene were amplified in the organs of NPG mice such as Spleen, liver, kidney, stomach, lung, heart and bone marrow(Fig A); 5.16% and 0.82% of CD45 and CD33 positive cells were detected in the peripheral blood of NPG mice in group A and B respectively; a green solid neoplasm were found in the kidney of NPG mice in group B, leukemia cells were found in the organ of heart, liver, spleen, stomach, kidney and lung in the NPG mice of both groups by histopathological examination. From the third week, the NPG mice presented anorexia, hunched posture, lethargy and weight loss. For the mice sacrificed in the day 28 after inoculation, the proportion of CD45 and CD33 positive cells in peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen were 9.60%, 11.4% and 23.20% in group A and were 11.0%,37.80% and 60.5% in group B (Fig B). Green solid tumors were grown in many organs such as kidney, liver, spleen, stomach, heart, lymph node and the soft tissues in the NPG mice killed in day 28 after inoculation and the mice which were dead spontaneous (Fig C); When NPG mice were dead, the weight of spleen in group B is significantly higher than the weight of spleen in group A(P<0.05) (Fig D). The median survival time of NPG in group A and group B is 33 and 30 days respectively. Pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining had shown that leukemic cells could infiltrated to many of the organs of NPG mice and the grade of leukemia infiltration was positively correlated with cells numbers of inoculation and the survival time of NPG mice (Fig E). Altogether, SHI-1 cell could growth in the NPG mice without any pre-immunosuppressive treatment and formed a systemic leukemia in NPG mice as like in acute leukemia patients. This efficient and reproducible model may be a useful tool for the studies of the pathogenesis in acute monocytic leukemia. Figure. Figure. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Chronic monocytic leukemia with transformation into acute monocytic leukemia. Clinical case

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
L. A. Pesotskaya ◽  
A. S. Korolenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽  
Rapid Transformation

Background. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CML) is rarely diagnosed and it is 1 per 100 thousand adults annually, in the United States - in 4 per million people, which is about 1100 cases per year. This disease is more common for men over 60. Results. A clinical case of a rare long-term course of myelodysplastic chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (MDCMML) in a middle-aged woman with rapid transformation into acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL-M5v) with atypical fulminant course is presented. Changes in the blood test were identified accidentally during a routine examination. A retrospective analysis of the course of the patient's disease, anamnesis made it possible to draw attention to the severe course of vasculitis of unknown etiology, with a predominant lesion of the skin of the lower limbs, which required inpatient treatment (19 years ago); skin lesions in the form of transient erythema, spotty eruptions for more than 10 years, moderate cervical lymphadenopathy. According to the WHO criteria, the morphological data of the bone marrow puncture corresponded to the MD of the CML. The long course of the disease without an obvious clinical picture, neutrophil dysplasia, myeloid proliferation was atypical, which did not exclude the presence of previous oligomonocytic CML in the patient. A detailed picture of the disease appeared after a viral infection, bronchitis, antibiotic therapy. In the absence of an increase in the number of blasts in the bone marrow, in a few of them normal Auer's sticks were detected, which, according to the literature, is a rarity in CML and an unfavorable prognostic factor of rapid transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. Conclusion. Not typical for the course of acute monocytic leukemia in this case were the absence of significant blastemia and severe suppression of normal hematopoiesis with pronounced extramedular manifestations. There was febrile fever, hyperplasia of the gums, tonsils with ulcerative-necrotic changes in the oral mucosa, an increase in cervical lymph nodes in the form of packets up to 2 cm in diameter with signs of sarcomatous growth. Attention was drawn to the progression of skin lesions, which was prognostically unfavorable. Notable was the development of severe hemorrhagic syndrome without severe thrombocytopenia, significant changes in the coagulogram, as a manifestation of early severe coagulopathy. There was a spread of erythematous elements on the skin with itching, not controlled by antihistamines and corticosteroid drugs (maculopapular rashes of a pink-cyanotic color, in places of a confluent nature, small-point hemorrhages like vasculitis over the entire surface of the skin).

scholarly journals Integrated analysis of microRNA and transcription factors in the bone marrow of patients with acute monocytic leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Cong Lin ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Wei-Yu Fu ◽  
Liu-Bo Lan ◽  
Hang Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia
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