Western Diet Aggravated Carbon Tetrachloride‐Induced Chronic Liver Injury by Disturbing Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism

2021 ◽  
pp. 2000811
Author(s):  
Liya Yang ◽  
Yating Li ◽  
Shuting Wang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Bian ◽  
Xianwan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury

scholarly journals Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Response in a Preclinical Alcohol Model of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7898
Author(s):  
Grigorios Christidis ◽  
Ersin Karatayli ◽  
Rabea A. Hall ◽  
Susanne N. Weber ◽  
Matthias C. Reichert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury

Background and Aims: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 has recently been shown to play a potential role in bile acid metabolism. We aimed to investigate the FGF21 response in an ethanol-induced acute-on-chronic liver injury (ACLI) model in Abcb4−/− mice with deficiency of the hepatobiliary phospholipid transporter. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from wild-type (WT, C57BL/6J) and Abcb4−/− (KO) mice, which were either fed a control diet (WT-Cont and KO-Cont groups; n = 28/group) or ethanol diet, followed by an acute ethanol binge (WT-EtOH and KO-EtOH groups; n = 28/group). A total of 58 human subjects were recruited into the study, including patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD; n = 31) and healthy controls (n = 27). The hepatic and ileal expressions of genes involved in bile acid metabolism, plasma FGF levels, and bile acid and its precursors 7α- and 27-hydroxycholesterol (7α- and 27-OHC) concentrations were determined. Primary mouse hepatocytes were isolated for cell culture experiments. Results: Alcohol feeding significantly induced plasma FGF21 and decreased hepatic Cyp7a1 levels. Hepatic expression levels of Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (Fgfr1), Fgfr4, Farnesoid X-activated receptor (Fxr), and Small heterodimer partner (Shp) and plasma FGF15/FGF19 levels did not differ with alcohol challenge. Exogenous FGF21 treatment suppressed Cyp7a1 in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. AALD patients showed markedly higher FGF21 and lower 7α-OHC plasma levels while FGF19 did not differ. Conclusions: The simultaneous upregulation of FGF21 and downregulation of Cyp7a1 expressions upon chronic plus binge alcohol feeding together with the invariant plasma FGF15 and hepatic Shp and Fxr levels suggest the presence of a direct regulatory mechanism of FGF21 on bile acid homeostasis through inhibition of CYP7A1 by an FGF15-independent pathway in this ACLI model. Lay Summary: Alcohol challenge results in the upregulation of FGF21 and repression of Cyp7a1 expressions while circulating FGF15 and hepatic Shp and Fxr levels remain constant both in healthy and pre-injured livers, suggesting the presence of an alternative FGF15-independent regulatory mechanism of FGF21 on bile acid homeostasis through the inhibition of Cyp7a1.

Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy through regulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-zhi Zhu ◽  
Fang Zhou ◽  
Jian Ouyang ◽  
Qi-ye Wang ◽  
Yi-long Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Combined Use

Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy. The synergistic effect may be attributed to regulation of gut microbiota and BA metabolism.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effect of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Whole Plant on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Huang Peng ◽  
Yi-Wen Chen ◽  
Meng-Shiou Lee ◽  
Wen-Te Chang ◽  
Jen-Chieh Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris

scholarly journals Improvements in Metabolic Syndrome by Xanthohumol Derivatives Are Linked to Altered Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Gerd Bobe ◽  
Johana S. Revel ◽  
Richard R. Rodrigues ◽  
Thomas J. Sharpton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Effect of SA3443, a novel cyclic disulfide compound, on chronic liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Naruhiro Ishida ◽  
Mihoko Tanaka ◽  
Katsuhiko Nakata ◽  
Kenji Takase ◽  
Shiro Mita
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury

scholarly journals Functional microbiomics: Evaluation of gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism interactions in health and disease

Methods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Mullish ◽  
Alexandros Pechlivanis ◽  
Grace F. Barker ◽  
Mark R. Thursz ◽  
Julian R. Marchesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Associated with Bile Acid Metabolism in Neonatal Cholestasis Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Sixiang Liu ◽  
Mingying Wang ◽  
Hongwei Hu ◽  
Jianwen Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Neonatal Cholestasis ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis
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