scholarly journals Monomeric Flavanols Are More Efficient Substrates for Gut Microbiota Conversion to Hydroxyphenyl‐γ‐Valerolactone Metabolites Than Oligomeric Procyanidins: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Human Intervention Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1901135
Author(s):  
Wendy J Hollands ◽  
Mark Philo ◽  
Natalia Perez‐Moral ◽  
Paul W Needs ◽  
George M Savva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Monomeric Flavanols

Effect of Increased Fruit and Vegetables Consumption on Markers for Disease Risk: A Diet Controlled Human Intervention Trial

2000 ◽  
pp. 404-406
Author(s):  
W.M.R. Broekmans ◽  
W.A.A. Klöpping-Ketelaars ◽  
H. Verhagen ◽  
H. van den Berg ◽  
F.J. Kok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Intervention Trial

scholarly journals Does Consumption of Fermented Foods Modify the Human Gut Microbiota?

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (7) ◽  
pp. 1680-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah T Stiemsma ◽  
Reine E Nakamura ◽  
Jennifer G Nguyen ◽  
Karin B Michels
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

ABSTRACT The human microbiota is a key contributor to many aspects of human health and its composition is largely influenced by diet. There is a growing body of scientific evidence to suggest that gut dysbiosis (microbial imbalance of the intestine) is associated with inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and asthma). Regular consumption of fermented foods (e.g., kimchi, kefir, etc.) may represent a potential avenue to counter the proinflammatory effects of gut dysbiosis. However, an assessment of the available literature in this research area is lacking. Here we provide a critical review of current human intervention studies that analyzed the effect of fermented foods on the composition and/or function of the human gut microbiota. A total of 19 human intervention studies were identified that met this search criteria. In this review, we discuss evidence that consumption of fermented foods may modify the gut microbiota in humans. Further, there is cursory evidence to suggest that gut microbiota compositional changes mediate associations between fermented food consumption and human health outcomes. Although promising, there remains considerable heterogeneity in the human populations targeted in the intervention studies we identified. Larger longitudinal feeding studies with longer follow-up are necessary to confirm and enhance the current data. Further, future studies should consider analyzing microbiota function as a means to elucidate the mechanism linking fermented food consumption with human health. This review highlights methodologic considerations for intervention trials, emphasizing an expanse of research opportunities related to fermented food consumption in humans.

Antigenotoxic action of isothiocyanate-containing mustard as determined by two cancer biomarkers in a human intervention trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Lamy ◽  
Manuel Garcia-Käufer ◽  
Julia Prinzhorn ◽  
Volker Mersch-Sundermann
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Intervention Trial

scholarly journals Maternal Human Milk Oligosaccharide Profile Modulates the Impact of an Intervention with Iron and Galacto-Oligosaccharides in Kenyan Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Paganini ◽  
Mary A. Uyoga ◽  
Guus A.M. Kortman ◽  
Jos Boekhorst ◽  
Sacha Schneeberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharide ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharide ◽  
The Impact

There is little data on human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Iron fortificants adversely affect the infant gut microbiota, while co-provision of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) mitigates most of the adverse effects. Whether variations in maternal HMO profile can influence the infant response to iron and/or GOS fortificants is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine HMO profiles and the secretor/non-secretor phenotype of lactating Kenyan mothers and investigate their effects on the maternal and infant gut microbiota, and on the infant response to a fortification intervention with 5 mg iron (2.5 mg as sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate and 2.5 mg as ferrous fumarate) and 7.5 g GOS. We studied mother–infant pairs (n = 80) participating in a 4-month intervention trial in which the infants (aged 6.5–9.5 months) received daily a micronutrient powder without iron, with iron or with iron and GOS. We assessed: (1) maternal secretor status and HMO composition; (2) effects of secretor status on the maternal and infant gut microbiota in a cross-sectional analysis at baseline of the intervention trial; and (3) interactions between secretor status and intervention groups during the intervention trial on the infant gut microbiota, gut inflammation, iron status, growth and infectious morbidity. Secretor prevalence was 72% and HMOs differed between secretors and non-secretors and over time of lactation. Secretor status did not predict the baseline composition of the maternal and infant gut microbiota. There was a secretor-status-by-intervention-group interaction on Bifidobacterium (p = 0.021), Z-scores for length-for-age (p = 0.022) and weight-for-age (p = 0.018), and soluble transferrin receptor (p = 0.041). In the no iron group, longitudinal prevalence of diarrhea was higher among infants of non-secretors (23.8%) than of secretors (10.4%) (p = 0.001). In conclusion, HMO profile may modulate the infant gut microbiota response to fortificant iron; compared to infants of secretor mothers, infants of non-secretor mothers may be more vulnerable to the adverse effect of iron but also benefit more from the co-provision of GOS.

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