Herglotz's theorem and quaternion series of positive term

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (18) ◽  
pp. 5607-5618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit Ian Kou ◽  
Ming-Sheng Liu ◽  
Shu-Zhen Tao
Keyword(s):  
Positive Term

Anisotropic Magnetoresistance of Stretched Sheets of Carbon Nanotubes

2012 ◽  
Vol 1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cimpoiasu ◽  
David Lashmore ◽  
Brian White ◽  
George A. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Anisotropic Magnetoresistance ◽  
Catalyst Nanoparticles ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Bulk Carbon

ABSTRACTWe performed magnetoresistance (MR) measurements on bulk carbon nanotube sheets that had been partially aligned by post-fabrication stretching. The magnetic field was applied under different orientations with respect to the direction of the stretch, while the electric current was either parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the stretch. We found that the fielddependence of the MR is composed of two terms, one positive and one negative. The magnitudes of both terms are largest when the field is parallel with the direction of the stretch. If the sheets are treated with nitric acid, the positive term is removed and the MR is smallest when the field is aligned with the magnetic field. We attribute these anisotropic features to magnetoelastic effects induced by the coupling between the magnetic catalyst nanoparticles, the magnetic field, and the network of nanotubes.

The Truth and ‘Canonization’ of the Scriptures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald O’Collins, SJ
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Rule Of Faith ◽  
Major Consequence ◽  
The New Testament

‘Saving truth’ is a more biblical and positive term than ‘inerrancy’ or freedom from error. Rather than being identified with biblical inspiration, the truth of the Scriptures is a major consequence of inspiration. It is close to the notion of the divine faithfulness and reliability. A progressive approach to biblical truth acknowledges that truth is to be found primarily in the whole Bible. Jesus Christ is the Truth, attested prophetically in the Old Testament and apostolically in the New. Ultimately biblical truth is something to be lived and practised. A closed list of inspired and authoritative books (which determine the Church’s faith and practice), the canon was constituted by maintaining the inherited Scriptures and accepting the New Testament on the basis of their apostolic provenance (taken in a broad sense), orthodox teaching (or adherence to the ‘rule of faith’), and wide and consistent usage in the Church’s liturgy and teaching.

Creativity and Procreation in Zola’s L’Œuvre

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
Central Concern

This chapter studies the figure of the genius artist in the painter Claude Lantier, the central figure of Émile Zola's novel, L'Œuvre (The masterpiece, 1886). Genius may be a largely positive term for Zola the art critic who regards disruption as a virtue, but for Zola the novelist these “disruptions” are an ambivalent quantity that allows him to explore it both positively as central to the artistic enterprise and negatively as a sterile or destructive pathology. Like Mme de Staël and Balzac, he does so both from an objective external and from a sympathetically internal perspective. As a painter, Lantier offers less scope for identification on the part of the author than did Corinne or Lambert, but both author and painter are bound together by the issue of artistic creativity that is the novel's central concern.

Use of Partial Molar Volumes of Model Compounds in the Interpretation of High-Pressure Effects on Proteins

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Prehoda ◽  
John L. Markley
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Protein Unfolding ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
The Difference

The transfer of liquid hydrocarbons into water is accompanied by a large decrease in volume at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure, with typical values for ΔV°tr of — 2.0 ml mol methylene−1. Considering the large amount of apolar surface that is exposed when a globular protein unfolds, the hydrocarbon transfer results imply that the change in volume accompanying the unfolding process (ΔV°obs) should be highly negative under these conditions. However, experimental data on the pressure denaturation of proteins typically yield relatively small values of ΔV°obs at atmospheric pressure and 25 °C. We analyze this apparent inconsistency in terms of a simple thermodynamic dissection of the partial molar volume. This approach allows the volume effects that result from solute-solvent interactions to be determined from experimental partial molar volumes. The use of absolute quantities (partial molar volumes) circumvents assumptions associated with the use of results from transfer experiments. An important finding is that hydration of apolar species is less dense than bulk water. This discovery leads to the conclusion that the contribution to ΔV°obs for protein unfolding from the hydration of apolar surfaces is highly positive, contrary to predictions based on transfer data. Further, hydration of polar surfaces makes a positive contribution to ΔV°obs. The large, positive term from the differential hydration of the folded and unfolded states is compensated by the difference in free volume of the protein in the two states. This finding provides a new framework for interpreting pressure effects on macromolecules. The full characterization of a macromolecular system requires knowledge of the effect of pressure on the system. The thermodynamic information obtained from using pressure as a perturbation is a volume change for the particular reaction being studied. The observed volume change, ΔV°obs, for protein unfolding may provide insight into the mechanisms that determine the three-dimensional structure of the folded state. Pressure denaturation experiments have been demonstrated for a number of proteins, including ribonuclease A (Gill & Glogovsky, 1965; Brandts et al., 1970), chymotrypsinogen (Hawley, 1971), metmyoglobin (Zipp & Kauzmann, 1973), and, more recently, lysozyme (Samarasinghe et al., 1992) and staphylococcal nuclease (Royer et al., 1993).

Acceptance of the Title Pater Patriae in 2 BC

Antichthon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Parens Patriae

Some recent treatments of the Augustan Principate have discussed the title Pater Patriae (= PP) as the expression of a relatively detached and uncontroversial idea. In earlier papers on the significance of this title, however, I have tried to describe its political volatility for both Cicero and Caesar. Cicero's title was applied to him in the wake of his execution of the Catilinarian conspirators; it was meant to characterise him as Rome's saviour, rather than as a murderous tyrant and oppressor. Caesar's title was equally a counter to accusations of murderous tyranny; he did not take Roman lives through civil war, he saved them through the exercise of dementia. Caesar's honour, furthermore, was clearly decreed to him in the form Parens Patriae – parens being a widely used, positive term for a benefactor; Cicero is referred to as both pater and parens in the fractious discourse which followed his consulship. Given the ever-present dichotomy between the father and the tyrant, and the general environment of élite competition, it appears that the form of Caesar's honour implies a deliberate contrast with the claims of Cicero, viz. Caesar's paternal role was certainly about giving or enhancing life, rather than taking it.

Vicars of ‘Wannabe’: authenticity and the Spice Girls

Popular Music ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH EVA LEACH
Keyword(s):  
Positive Term ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Related Pair

Popular notions of value in art – even popular definitions of art itself – are much indebted to the idealist narratives of late romanticism and its maximalised form, elite modernism. Since artistic value is normally imputed to one side of a dialectically related pair of oppositional terms, two principal strategies exist by which to ascribe value to the music you love, find interesting, or want to study: either show how it merits the positive term of the valorising pair (if necessary redefining the specific markers of that term), or attack the narrative underlying the binary itself. A typical postmodernist strategy is to do both these things simultaneously, so as to collapse notions of value into a win-win polysemy.

Look around and get engaged

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-316
Author(s):  
JOEL CHADABE
Keyword(s):  
Computer Music ◽  
Experiment Research ◽  
Golden Mean ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Additive Synthesis ◽  
Frequency Ratios

The term ‘computer music’, for those of us who lived through the beginnings, became meaningful during the pioneering period from the late 1950s through the 1970s. It was a positive term. It identified a specific genre of music, a major effort in musical experiment, research and exploration, a wealth of new sound-generating techniques, and a large palette of new sounds. Jean-Claude Risset, in Inharmonique, for example, used additive synthesis to extend principles of tonality into the microworld of spectral progression. John Chowning, in Stria, used the Golden Mean to define FM frequency ratios. For many of us, these were interesting ideas and beautiful sounds.

Simulation of electrostatic systems in periodic boundary conditions. I. Lattice sums and dielectric constants

1980 ◽  
Vol 373 (1752) ◽  
pp. 27-56 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Periodic Boundary ◽  
Hard Spheres ◽  
Periodic Boundary Conditions ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Constant E ◽  
Range Part

The effective interactions of ions, dipoles and higher-order multipoles under periodic boundary conditions are calculated where the array of periodic replications forms an infinite sphere surrounded by a vacuum. Discrepancies between the results of different methods of calculation are resolved and some shape-dependent effects are discussed briefly. In a simulation under these periodic boundary conditions, the net Hamiltonian contains a positive term proportional to the square of the net dipole moment of the configuration. Surrounding the infinite sphere by a continuum of dielectric constant ε.' changes this positive term, the coefficient being zero as ε' ->∞ . We report on the simulation of a dense fluid of hard spheres with embedded point dipoles; simulations are made for different values of showing how the Kirkwood gr-factor and the long-range part of hA (r) depend on ε' in a finite simulation. We show how this dependence on ε' nonetheless leads to a dielectric constant for the system that is independent of ε . In particular, the Clausius-Mosotti and Kirkwood formulae for the dielectric constant e of the system give consistent ε values.

Faraday effect in semiconductors. II

1964 ◽  
Vol 278 (1375) ◽  
pp. 588-609 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Faraday Rotation ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Negative Term ◽  
Positive Term ◽  
Free Carriers ◽  
Valence States ◽  
Small Rotation

The interband Faraday rotation of semiconductors, i.e. the rotation not specifically due to free carriers, shows an unusual variety of behaviour. Whereas the rotation of ionic crystals and insulators is generally positive at all frequencies belowthe absorption edge, in InSb and InAs it is unusually large and negative and in Ge and GaSb it is positive at low frequencies but passes through a maximum and becomes negative as the frequency is increased towards the absorption edge. The interband Faraday rotation is analyzed here on the basis of the Luttinger-Kohn model. Effective mass parameters and other band constants previously determined have been employed in computations for GaAs, GaSb, Ge, InAs and InSb. The qualitative features of the observed interband rotations are correctly predicted by this model. This analysis shows that the observed interband rotation is principally determined by a competition between (virtual) transitions from the heavy valence states (a positive term) and the light valence states (a negative term). A small energy gap and small valence effective masses favour the light over the heavy valence band contribution; and conversely for a large gap and large valence masses. Ge lies in the middle of our sequence of five substances and a largely complete cancellation between these two principal contributions leads to an unusually small rotation.

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