Effective patent life of drugs in Sweden—a comparison with international studies

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Andersson ◽  
P. Hertzmant
Keyword(s):  
International Studies ◽  
Patent Life

Epidemiological Trends in Attempted Suicide in Adolescents and Young Adults Between 1996 and 2004

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie De Munck ◽  
Gwendolyn Portzky ◽  
Kees Van Heeringen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Trends

Background: Notwithstanding the epidemiological studies indicating an increased risk of attempted suicide among adolescents and young adults, there is a scarcity of international studies that examine long-term epidemiological trends in rates and characteristics of this vulnerable group. Aims: This article describes the results of a 9-year monitoring study of suicide attempts in adolescents and young adults referred to the Accident and Emergency Department of the Gent University Hospital (Belgium). Methods: Between January 1996 and December 2004, trends, sociodemographic, and methodrelated characteristics of suicide attempts were assessed by a psychiatrist on data sheets. Results: Attempted suicide rates declined from 1996 to 2001 and then rose until 2004, but did not exceed previous rates. During the 9 years of monitoring, there was a preponderance of female suicide attempters, except for 1997. Rates of attempts and of fatal suicide were negatively correlated. Significantly more males than females deliberately injured themselves. Younger attempters, especially females, significantly more often poisoned themselves with analgesics. In nearly one in five attempts, alcohol was used in combination with other methods, and alcohol intake was more commonly observed in older suicide attempters. Nearly half of the adolescents were identified as repeaters. Conclusions: The results of this study warrant further monitoring of trends and characteristics of young suicide attempters.

Traditions of foreign countries studies in modern russian economic expertise

2015 ◽  
pp. 116-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Modern Application ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
World Development

The article deals with Russian traditions of studies of foreign countries which have become an intellectual pillar for Russian economic expertise. The modern application of experience of Soviet scientific schools in international studies is shown, especially in the fields of world development forecasts, analysis of Russian foreign economic relations and research of economic policy abroad. The article is based on open sources with publications, reports and presentations about expert and analytical activities of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) and other institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VNIKI-Institute, MGIMO-University and some other centers. It is explained that results of international studies have become a necessary element for consulting of governmental bodies and businessmen in the epoch of globalization.

Sustainable Development of Cosmetic Products in the Frame of the Laboratory Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Anita Tolnay ◽  
András Koris ◽  
Robert Magda
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment Methodology ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Laboratory Market

Abstract The main objective of the current study is to highlight sustainable development from the perspective of the cosmetics industry producing ‘eco-friendly’ products. In the last decades an enhancing interest is being experienced towards sustainable development among cosmetics manufacturing companies, scientific research and development (R & D) laboratories as well as green consumers in the need for natural products safer for health and less toxic for the environment. Several international studies show that cosmetic products formulated with natural ingredients developed by cosmetic industry has a higher annual market growth than for synthetic products. R & D puts special focus on new innovative technologies in green cosmetic products to meet the frequently updated requirements of regulations in compliance with the current legislation. Scientific laboratory market has an increasing importance to evaluate natural and organic raw materials. In this work the authors attempt to focus on the growing importance of research activities to sustainable cosmetics production in life cycle assessment methodology. Naturally, the conceptual scope and extent of this study do not permit all the possible issues to be examined from every aspects due to lack of data, thus it will be endeavored to point out merely the most relevant considerations in the field of cosmetic industry.

Noordin Sopite, Chew Lay See and Lim Siang Jin (eds.). ASI:.""AN at the OOSSToads: Obstacles, Options and Opportunities in Economic Cooperatjon. Malaysia: Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS) 1987.577 pp.Price: (hardbound edition) USS 25.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Khwaja Sarmad
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Preferential Trade ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Preferential Trading Arrangements

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established In 1967 as a loosely structured inter-governmental organization, which provided a framework for discussing problems that required a regional solution. For a long time, the reduction of regional political tensions remained the main concern of ASEAN. Serious efforts towards promoting intra-regional co-operation began in 1976 with emphasis on trade liberalization and industrial co-operation. But apart from a few cases, involving the regional economies and collective external bargaining, the record of economic co-operation has been poor, because of different levels of economic development of the member countries, mutually competitive exports.. inward• looking industrial policies and heavy dependence on the industrialized countries for investment, technology and trade. So far, there have been only three intra-ASEAN agreements to promote market sharing and a pooling of resources: the preferential trade arrangements, the industrial complementation agreement, designed to develop links in certain industries to achieve greater economies of scale, and the industrial joint venture agreement, which provides preferential treatment for products of joint ventures involving the companies of at least two ASEAN member countries. However the joint venture scheme has had only limited success because of delays in implementation, while the scope of the preferential trading arrangements has been limited by the consensus approach in solving outstanding issues and by the concern of higher-tariff member countries to protect domestic production and employment. As a result, tariffs have been reduced only on intra-regional trade of selected non-sensitive items. Most of the items covered in the preferential trade agreements have low trade content and minimal trade potential. The arrangements have also been difficult to manage because of problems of administering the rules of origin.

Predictive value of CA 19-9 in patients with pancreatic tumours

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Faiza Abrar ◽  
Adnan Riaz ◽  
Kaukab Sultana ◽  
Tariq Feroz Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Pancreatic Disease ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Pancreatic Tumours ◽  
Benign Pathology ◽  
Pancreatic Tumour ◽  
Age Range

Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is a disease with high modality and has a high incidence of recurrence after surgical resection. The prognosis depends on early diagnosis and treatment. Numerous international studies have reported use of CA 19-9 in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. We planned this study to validate role of CA 19-9 in our local population. The objective of this study is to correlate raised serum CA 19-9 levels in patients with pancreatic tumours to distinguish between benign and malignant pancreatic disease. Subjects and methods: The present study is a validation study. Thirty-five patients with diagnosis of pancreatic tumor on radiological imaging were included after their informed consent. Data collection forms were filled, blood samples were taken and serum CA 19-9 was estimated by ELISA in Biochemistry department, SIMS. Histopathology samples were collected at time of surgical resection, sent to pathology departments of respective hospitals and histopathological reports collected. All data was collected and analysed by using descriptive method. The study was conducted in Biochemistry department of PGMI and SIMS, Lahore from May 2015 till June 2016. Results: Out of 35 patients, nineteen (54.3%) were female and sixteen (45.7%) were male. Thirty [85.7%] patients were between third to seventh decades of their life. The mean age range around 47.28. Thirty-four patients had malignant tumor and 1 benign on histopathology. CA 19-9 was raised (>37 U/ml) in 33 out of 34 patients with malignant pathology. The patient with benign pathology had CA 19-9 level <37U/ml (the cut off value). Head of pancreas was the commonest site in 32 patients (65%) for tumour occurrence. Total 28 (82%) patients had adenocarcinoma as the histological type of pancreatic tumour. Cholangiocarcinoma in Periampullary region of pancreas was second in frequency, 4 patients (12%). CA 19-9 shows sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 100% to diagnose carcinoma of pancreas in patients with pancreatic tumour. CA 19-9 has 100% positive predictive value to diagnose benign tumour and 50% negative predictive value to diagnose malignant tumours. Conclusion: Raised levels of CA 19-9 has an important role in diagnosis of patients with pancreatic tumour to differentiate between benign and malignant pathology.

On Advisor Education: Evaluating Departmental Training and Professional Development Practices of Academic Staff in a Japanese University

Relay Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 271-291
Author(s):  
Huw Davies
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Peer Observation ◽  
Research Issue ◽  
Training Aids ◽  
The People ◽  
The University ◽  
Initial Research

This study is an evaluation of the professional development (PD) programme for learning advisors employed in the self-access centre at Kanda University of International Studies in Japan. The research issue investigated was whether the PD activities of advisors allow them to provide appropriate support to students at the University. The implementation of policies, the people and the setting were all considered in building an understanding of what may make the programme work. The framework used to understand this programme is realist evaluation (Pawson & Tilley, 1997), in which theories related to the initial research issue were refined and developed to offer new perspectives. Results suggest that initial training aids advisors in supporting students, but that future implementation decisions are needed for the mentoring element of the programme and on whether more peer observation should take place. The implication that informal discussion among the workgroup and the freedom to choose personal PD journeys are fundamental drivers of effective practice is a finding that may be applied to other teacher and advisor education settings.

US Foreign Policy After the Bush Administration

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Francis Fukuyama
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
International Studies ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Cornell University

Professor Fukuyama, B.A. Classics, Cornell University 1974, spoke at Cornell on April 21, 2008, at the invitation of the Einaudi Center for International Studies. The Board of the Cornell International Affairs Review had the privilege of meeting with him during his visit. The following article, produced here with his permission, is an edited transcript of this talk. The board of the Cornell International Affairs Review thanks Professor Fukuyama for his support to our mission.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document