Elevated basal reactive oxygen species and phospho-Akt in murine keratinocytes resistant to ultraviolet B-induced apoptosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent D. Butts ◽  
Kevin A. Kwei ◽  
G. Tim Bowden ◽  
Margaret M. Briehl
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Reactive oxygen species and caspase activation mediate silica-induced apoptosis in alveolar macrophages

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (1) ◽  
pp. L10-L17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Ming Shen ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Qi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Choon-Nam Ong
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Parp Cleavage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Caspase Activation ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the principal target cells of silica and occupy a key position in the pathogenesis of silica-related diseases. Silica has been found to induce apoptosis in AMs, whereas its underlying mechanisms involving the initiation and execution of apoptosis are largely unknown. The main objective of the present study was to examine the form of cell death caused by silica and the mechanisms involved. Silica-induced apoptosis in AMs was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay and cell cycle/DNA content analysis. The elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in silica-treated AMs were also determined. The results showed that there was a temporal pattern of apoptotic events in silica-treated AMs, starting with ROS formation and followed by caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation. Silica-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated by a caspase-3 inhibitor, N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp aldehyde, and ebselen, a potent antioxidant. These findings suggest that apoptosis is an important form of cell death caused by silica exposure in which the elevated ROS level that results from silica exposure may act as an initiator, leading to caspase activation and PARP cleavage to execute the apoptotic process.

Gossypol induced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: Involvement of mitochondrial pathway and reactive oxygen species

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Barba-Barajas ◽  
Georgina Hernández-Flores ◽  
José M. Lerma-Díaz ◽  
Pablo C. Ortiz-Lazareno ◽  
Jorge R. Domínguez-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Pathway ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

scholarly journals Selective Activation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Mediated Ochratoxin A-Induced Apoptosis in Tubular Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 10951
Author(s):  
Chong-Sun Khoi ◽  
Yu-Wen Lin ◽  
Jia-Huang Chen ◽  
Biing-Hui Liu ◽  
Tzu-Yu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Renal Proximal Tubular Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Ochratoxin A (OTA), one of the major food-borne mycotoxins, impacts the health of humans and livestock by contaminating food and feed. However, the underlying mechanism of OTA nephrotoxicity remains unknown. This study demonstrated that OTA induced apoptosis through selective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2). OTA increased ER-stress-related JNK and precursor caspase-4 cleavage apoptotic pathways. Further study revealed that OTA increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) could reduce OTA-induced JNK-related apoptosis and ROS levels in HK-2 cells. Our results demonstrate that OTA induced ER stress-related apoptosis through an ROS-mediated pathway. This study provides new evidence to clarify the mechanism of OTA-induced nephrotoxicity.

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