scholarly journals A change in the bacterial community of spider mites decreases fecundity on multiple host plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu‐Xi Zhu ◽  
Yue‐Ling Song ◽  
Ary A. Hoffmann ◽  
Peng‐Yu Jin ◽  
Shi‐Mei Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Spider Mites

Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in protected natural areas of Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Ivana Marić ◽  
Irena Međo ◽  
Slobodan Jovanović ◽  
Radmila Petanović ◽  
Dejan Marčić
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
New Hosts

Despite economic importance of Tetranychidae, knowledge regarding diversity of spider mites in the Balkan Peninsula and Southeast Europe is incomplete, especially in protected natural areas. This study presents diversity of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) collected over five growing seasons at 296 locations in 38 protected natural areas of Serbia. A total of 31 spider mite species were found, 10 from Bryobiinae and 21 from Tetranychinae. The species Eotetranychus fagi Zacher was recorded as new to Serbia and this record was also the first one for Southeast Europe. Spider mites were found on host plants in five basic types as well as many subtypes of terrestrial habitats, with woodland as the most dominant one. A total of 151 plant species from 44 families were recorded as hosts for spider mites including new world records: 60 new hosts for family Tetranychidae and 41 new hosts for 21 spider mite species. Host plants from Rosaceae family harbored the highest number of spider mite species (16). A considerable number of species was found on host plants from the families Betulaceae (11), Asteraceae (10) and Sapindaceae (10). Two cosmopolitan spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolskii, were clearly distinguished with 67 (7 new) and 43 (13 new) recorded host species, respectively; among newly recorded hosts for Tetranychidae family, these two mite species were found on 27 and 12 hosts, respectively. After the two most common species, the most striking was the presence of Bryobia praetiosa Koch with 24 (4 new) recorded host plants, followed by Amphitetranychus viennensis (Zacher), Eotetranychus carpini (Oudemans) and Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten), with 21 (7 new), 20 (6 new) and 16 (2 new) hosts, respectively. The remaining tetranychids were found on 1–9 host plant species. This study provided the first insight into diversity of tetranychids in Serbian protected areas. Further research in this field should focus on mites from host plants representative of specific areas and habitats, including endangered, endemic and relict species.

scholarly journals Wolbachia both aids and hampers the performance of spider mites on different host plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flore Zélé ◽  
Joaquim L Santos ◽  
Diogo P Godinho ◽  
Sara Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Spider Mites

scholarly journals Spider mites, host plants and new records for Brazil (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02004
Author(s):  
Carlos H. W. Flechtmann
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

A list of new records of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) for Brazil based on specimens deposited in the Acarological Collection of Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo (Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil) is presented. The specimens studied were sent for identification and/or collected by us from different states of the country. The list includes 15 species belonging to seven different genera: Aponychus, Allonychus, Eutetranychus, Mononychellus, Schizotetranychus, Oligonychus and Tetranychus.

Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Serbia: new species for the country and the Balkan Peninsula, with a key to all known Serbian species  

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-316
Author(s):  
Ivana Marić ◽  
Irena Međo ◽  
Dejan Marčić ◽  
Radmila Petanović ◽  
Slobodan Jovanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Tetranychus Ludeni

Seven spider mite species were recorded for the first time in Serbia: Bryobia macedonica Hatzinikolis & Panou, 1996 and Bryobia querci Hatzinikolis & Panou, 1997 from Bryobiinae, and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein, 1936; Oligonychus bicolor Banks, 1894; Oligonychus platani McGregor, 1950 Tetranychus canadensis McGregor, 1950 and Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, 1913 from Tetranychinae. Together with previously reported data, these findings raise the number of known tetranychid species in Serbia to 44, the second highest number of spider mite species recorded in the Balkan countries. The records of O. bicolor and T. canadensis are also the first ones on the Balkan Peninsula. The most frequent species were T. ludeni and E. orientalis, found in 24 and 13 out of 57 sampling locations. Spider mites were recorded on host plants in four basic habitat types, but predominantly in cultivated habitats and woodlands. A total of 27 plant species from nine families were recorded as hosts for newly recorded spider mites, including 12 plant species as new hosts for four tetranychids, and three plant species as new hosts for the family Tetranychidae. Plant family Rosaceae had the highest number of new hosts (7) and harbored the highest number of spider mite species (5). Tetranychus ludeni had the highest number of host plants (11) with two plant species as its new hosts. Oligonychus bicolor was found on eight host plants including five new hosts for this species and one new host for the family Tetranychidae. The other two new hosts for the family Tetranychidae harbored O. platani and B. querci, respectively. Symptoms of heavy infestations by E. orientalis and T. ludeni were recorded on host plants in several locations.

scholarly journals Bacterial Communities of Two Parthenogenetic Aphid Species Cocolonizing Two Host Plants across the Hawaiian Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (23) ◽  
pp. 8345-8349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Jones ◽  
Alberto Bressan ◽  
April M. Greenwell ◽  
Noah Fierer
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alpinia Purpurata ◽  
Melon Aphid ◽  
Aphid Populations

ABSTRACTAphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) have been the focus of several studies with respect to their interactions with inherited symbionts, but bacterial communities of most aphid species are still poorly characterized. In this research, we used bar-coded pyrosequencing to characterize bacterial communities in aphids. Specifically, we examined the diversity of bacteria in two obligately parthenogenetic aphid species (the melon aphid,Aphis gossypii, and the cardamom aphid,Pentalonia caladii) cocolonizing two plant species (taro,Colocasia esculenta, and ginger,Alpinia purpurata) across four Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii, Kauai, Maui, and Oahu). Results from this study revealed that heritable symbionts dominated the bacterial communities for both aphid species. The bacterial communities differed significantly between the two species, andA. gossypiiharbored a more diverse bacterial community thanP. caladii. The bacterial communities also differed across aphid populations sampled from the different islands; however, communities did not differ between aphids collected from the two host plants.

scholarly journals Population-specific effect of Wolbachia on the cost of fungal infection in spider mites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flore Zélé ◽  
Mustafa Altintaş ◽  
Inês Santos ◽  
Ibrahim Cakmak ◽  
Sara Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
The Other ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Two Populations

ABSTRACTMany studies have revealed the ability of the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia to protect its arthropod hosts against diverse pathogens. However, as Wolbachia may also increase the susceptibility of its host to infection, predicting the outcome of a particular Wolbachia-host-pathogen interaction remains elusive. Yet, understanding such interactions is crucial for disease and pest control strategies. Tetranychus urticae spider mites are herbivorous crop pests, causing severe damage on numerous economically important crops. Due to the rapid evolution of pesticide resistance, biological control strategies using generalist entomopathogenic are being developed. However, although spider mites are infected with various Wolbachia strains worldwide, whether this endosymbiont protects them from fungi is as yet unknown. Here, we compared the survival of two populations, treated with antibiotics or harbouring different Wolbachia strains, after exposure to the fungal biocontrol agents Metarhizium brunneum and Beauveria bassiana. In one population, Wolbachia affected survival in absence of fungi but not in their presence, whereas in the other population Wolbachia increased the mortality induced by B. bassiana. To control for potential effects of the bacterial community of spider mites, we also compared the susceptibility of two populations naturally uninfected by Wolbachia, treated with antibiotics or not. The antibiotic treatment increased the susceptibility of spider mites to M. brunneum in one naturally Wolbachia-uninfected population, but it had no effect in the other treatments. These results highlight the complexity of within-host pathogens interactions, and the importance of considering the whole bacterial community of arthropods when assessing the effect of Wolbachia in a particular system.

Brevipalpus Species Vectoring Citrus Leprosis Virus (Cilevirus and Dichorhavirus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628-1634
Author(s):  
Leticia M Ferreira ◽  
Maria A Nunes ◽  
Thaís E Sinico ◽  
Alex J Soares ◽  
Valdenice M Novelli
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Vector Specificity ◽  
False Spider Mites ◽  
Citrus Leprosis ◽  
False Spider ◽  
Virus C

Abstract Citrus leprosis (CL) is one of the most devastating viral diseases of orchards, and industries correspondingly invest highly in the management and control of the virus vector. In Brazil, the disease is caused most predominantly by the citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C, Kitaviridae: Cilevirus), and also by citrus leprosis virus N (CiLV-N, Rhabdoviridae: Dichorhavirus). Both viruses are transmitted by false spider mites and at least three different species, Brevipalpus yothersi Baker, B. papayensis Baker, and B. phoenicis (Geijskes) sensu stricto, have been reported in citrus orchards. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the capacity of three Brevipalpus species to transmit citrus leprosis virus (cytoplasmic and nuclear types). The capacity of false spider mites to acquire the virus was accomplished using RT–PCR and the ability to inoculation the virus to host plants (common bean and sweet orange) was assessed via viral transmission assays. Common beans infested with B. yothersi and B. papayensis showed symptoms of CiLV-C in 87.5 and 17% of the plants assessed, respectively. In sweet orange, B. yothersi was exclusively able to inoculate CiLV-C, and around 83% of samples were symptomatic. Host plants infected with CiLV-N showed symptoms only when infested with B. phoenicis sensu stricto (s.s.). All the Brevipalpus species (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) were able to acquire both viruses (CiLV-C and CiLV-N), but not infect plants. These results suggest the existence of virus-vector specificity in the leprosis pathosystem, and this information will be critical for enhancing our further understanding of epidemiological features and disease management.

scholarly journals Oviposition-site shift in phytophagous mites reflects a trade-off between predator avoidance and rainstorm resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 20200669
Author(s):  
Serena Okada ◽  
Shuichi Yano
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Tetranychus Kanzawai ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Antipredator Defence

Predators can reduce prey population densities by driving them to undertake costly defences. Here, we report on a remarkable example of induced antipredator defence in spider mites that enhances the risk to rainstorms. Spider mites live on the undersides of host plant leaves and usually oviposit on the leaf undersurface. When they are threatened by predatory mites, they oviposit on three-dimensional webs to avoid egg predation, although the cost of ovipositing on webs has not yet been clearly determined. We prepared bean plants harbouring spider mite ( Tetranychus kanzawai ) eggs on either leaf surfaces or webs and exposed them to rainstorms outdoors. We found that fewer eggs remained on webs than on leaf surfaces. We then examined the synergistic effect of wind and rain by simulating both in the laboratory. We conclude that ovipositing on webs comes at a cost, as eggs are washed off the host plants by wind and rain. This may explain why spider mite populations decrease drastically in the rainy season, although they inhibit leaf undersides where they are not directly exposed to rainfall.

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