The role of oxidative stress and antioxidant treatment in liver surgery and transplantation

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1733-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Luedde ◽  
Christian Trautwein
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Surgery ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment

scholarly journals The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Treating Coronary Heart Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Yang ◽  
Tianmai He ◽  
Songjie Han ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Signal Activation

Oxidative stress has been closely related with coronary artery disease. In coronary heart disease (CHD), an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production generates endothelial cell and smooth muscle functional disorders, leading to a disequilibrium between the antioxidant capacity and prooxidants. ROS also leads to inflammatory signal activation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which can promote and increase the occurrence and development of CHD. There are several kinds of antioxidative and small molecular systems of antioxidants, such as β-carotene, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and reduced glutathione (GSH). Studies have shown that antioxidant treatment was effective and decreased the risk of CHD, but the effect of the treatment varies greatly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for thousands of years in China and is becoming increasingly popular all over the world, especially for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on the evidence of the action mechanism of TCM in preventing CHD by modulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.

scholarly journals The Role of Antioxidants in the Management of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Baratzadeh ◽  
Sepideh Elyasi ◽  
Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour ◽  
Sofia Salari ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that has a significant effect on the quality of life. The most effective treatment for OCD is the combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). However, several adverse effects have been linked with this usual pharmacotherapy, and it is unsuccessful in many patients. The exact pathophysiology of OCD is not completely known, though the role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis has been proposed recently. This review presents an overview of animal and human studies of antioxidant treatment for OCD. The use of antioxidants against oxidative stress is a novel treatment for several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Among antioxidants, NAC was one of the most studied drugs on OCD, and it showed a significant improvement in OCD symptoms. Thus, antioxidants could be promising as an adjuvant treatment for OCD. However, a limited number of human studies are conducted on these agents, and for better judgment, human studies with a large sample size are necessary.

Antioxidant Treatment Reverses Organ Failure in Rat Model of Sepsis: Role of Antioxidant Enzymes Imbalance, Neutrophil Infiltration, and Oxidative Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. e307-e313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Andrades ◽  
Cristiane Ritter ◽  
Marcos Roberto de Oliveira ◽  
Emílio L. Streck ◽  
José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Associations of Oxidative Stress and Postoperative Outcome in Liver Surgery with an Outlook to Future Potential Therapeutic Options

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Senoner ◽  
Sophie Schindler ◽  
Stefan Stättner ◽  
Dietmar Öfner ◽  
Jakob Troppmair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Liver Surgery ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Hepatic Diseases

Several types of surgical procedures have shown to elicit an inflammatory stress response, leading to substantial cytokine production and formation of oxygen-based or nitrogen-based free radicals. Chronic liver diseases including cancers are almost always characterized by increased oxidative stress, in which hepatic surgery is likely to potentiate at least in the short term and hereby furthermore impair the hepatic redox state. During liver resection, intermittent inflow occlusion is commonly applied to prevent excessive blood loss but resulting ischemia and reperfusion of the liver have been linked to increased oxidative stress, leading to impairment of cell functions and subsequent cell death. In the field of liver transplantation, ischemia/reperfusion injury has extensively been investigated in the last decades and has recently been in the scientific focus again due to increased use of marginal donor organs and new machine perfusion concepts. Therefore, given the intriguing role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases and in the perioperative setting, the interest for a therapeutic antioxidative agent has been present for several years. This review is aimed at giving an introduction to oxidative stress in surgical procedures in general and then examines the role of oxidative stress in liver surgery in particular, discussing both transplantation and resection. Results from studies in the animal and human settings are included. Finally, potential therapeutic agents that might be beneficial in reducing the burden of oxidative stress in hepatic diseases and during surgery are presented. While there is compelling evidence from animal models and a limited number of clinical studies showing that oxidative stress plays a major role in both liver resection and transplantation and several recent studies have suggested a potential for antioxidative treatment in chronic liver disease (e.g., steatosis), the search for effective antioxidants in the field of liver surgery is still ongoing.

scholarly journals Antioxidant treatment attenuates lactate production in diabetic nephropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (1) ◽  
pp. F192-F199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoffer Laustsen ◽  
Per Mose Nielsen ◽  
Thomas Stokholm Nørlinger ◽  
Haiyun Qi ◽  
Uffe Kjærgaard Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
Early Diabetes ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Metabolic Alterations

The early progression of diabetic nephropathy is notoriously difficult to detect and quantify before the occurrence of substantial histological damage. Recently, hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate has demonstrated increased lactate production in the kidney early after the onset of diabetes, implying increased lactate dehydrogenase activity as a consequence of increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide substrate availability due to upregulation of the polyol pathway, i.e., pseudohypoxia. In this study, we investigated the role of oxidative stress in mediating these metabolic alterations using state-of-the-art hyperpolarized magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: healthy controls, untreated diabetic (streptozotocin treatment to induce insulinopenic diabetes), and diabetic, receiving chronic antioxidant treatment with TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) via the drinking water. Examinations were performed 2, 3, and 4 wk after the induction of diabetes by using a 3T Clinical MR system equipped with a dual tuned 13C/1H-volume rat coil. The rats received intravenous hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and were imaged using a slice-selective 13C-IDEAL spiral sequence. Untreated diabetic rats showed increased renal lactate production compared with that shown by the controls. However, chronic TEMPOL treatment significantly attenuated diabetes-induced lactate production. No significant effects of diabetes or TEMPOL were observed on [13C]alanine levels, indicating an intact glucose-alanine cycle, or [13C]bicarbonate, indicating normal flux through the Krebs cycle. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that diabetes-induced pseudohypoxia, as indicated by an increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, is significantly attenuated by antioxidant treatment. This demonstrates a pivotal role of oxidative stress in renal metabolic alterations occurring in early diabetes.

scholarly journals Regression Modeling of the Antioxidant-to-Nephroprotective Relation Shows the Pivotal Role of Oxidative Stress in Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
Alfredo G. Casanova ◽  
Mykola Harvat ◽  
Laura Vicente-Vicente ◽  
Óscar J. Pellicer-Valero ◽  
Ana I. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Tubular Dysfunction ◽  
Antioxidant Treatment ◽  
Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline ◽  
Two Parameters

The clinical utility of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin is significantly limited by its nephrotoxicity, which is characterized by electrolytic disorders, glomerular filtration rate decline, and azotemia. These alterations are consequences of a primary tubulopathy causing injury to proximal and distal epithelial cells, and thus tubular dysfunction. Oxidative stress plays a role in cisplatin nephrotoxicity and cytotoxicity, but its relative contribution to overall toxicity remains unknown. We studied the relation between the degree of oxidative reduction (provided by antioxidant treatment) and the extent of nephrotoxicity amelioration (i.e., nephroprotection) by means of a regression analysis of studies in animal models. Our results indicate that a linear relation exists between these two parameters, and that this relation very nearly crosses the value of maximal nephroprotection at maximal antioxidant effect, suggesting that oxidative stress seems to be a pivotal and mandatory mechanism of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and, hence, an interesting, rationale-based target for clinical use. Our model also serves to identify antioxidants with enhanced effectiveness by comparing their actual nephroprotective power with that predicted by their antioxidant effect. Among those, this study identified nanoceria, erythropoietin, and maltol as highly effective candidates affording more nephroprotection than expected from their antioxidant effect for prospective clinical development.

792: Role of Oxidative Stress in Tumorigenic Potential of Bladder Cancer Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 214-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cho ◽  
Xiao Fang Ha ◽  
J. Andre Melendez ◽  
Louis J. Giorgi ◽  
Badar M. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential ◽  
Bladder Cancer Cells
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