Visible red light enhances physiological anagen entry in vivo and has direct and indirect stimulative effects in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Shuan Sheen ◽  
Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan ◽  
Chih-Chieh Chan ◽  
Yueh-Feng Wu ◽  
Shiou-Hwa Jee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Light

scholarly journals Green, orange, red, and far-red optogenetic tools derived from cyanobacteriochromes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewan Jang ◽  
Sherin McDonald ◽  
Maruti Uppalapati ◽  
G. Andrew Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Phage Display ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Target State ◽  
Binding Partners ◽  
Absorbing State

AbstractExisting optogenetic tools for controlling protein-protein interactions are available in a limited number of wavelengths thereby limiting opportunities for multiplexing. The cyanobacteriochrome (CBCR) family of photoreceptors responds to an extraordinary range of colors, but light-dependent binding partners for CBCR domains are not currently known. We used a phage-display based approach to develop small (~50-residue) monomeric binders selective for the green absorbing state (Pg), or for the red absorbing state (Pr) of the CBCR Am1_c0023g2 with a phycocyanobilin chromophore and also for the far-red absorbing state (Pfr) of Am1_c0023g2 with a biliverdin chromophore. These bind in a 1:1 mole ratio with KDs for the target state from 0.2 to 2 μM and selectivities from 10 to 500-fold. We demonstrate green, orange, red, and far-red light-dependent control of protein-protein interactions in vitro and also in vivo where these multicolor optogenetic tools are used to control transcription in yeast.

Optoelectronic transducer for in vivo recording of oviductal contractile activity

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. R326-R331
Author(s):  
S. A. Halbert ◽  
R. J. Bourdage ◽  
J. L. Boling ◽  
J. A. Ringo ◽  
R. J. Blandau
Keyword(s):  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Optoelectronic Transducer ◽  
Optical Analog

An optoelectronic instrument to record oviductal muscular activity in chronically instrumented animals was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The intensity of red light transmitted through the oviduct was modulated by contractions of the oviductal wall producing an optical analog of the mechanical events. Accuracy of the analog was tested by Fourier analysis of signals from mechanical and optoelectronic transducers placed at the same site on the oviduct; the results validated the use of the optical device as a contraction event sensor. Contractions of the tubal mesenteries had less effect on the optical signal than on signals from extraluminal mechanical transducers. Optical and photographic recordings of luminal transport in exposed oviducts showed a correspondence of intraluminal movements to events in the optical contraction signal. This instrument does not alter tubal function, and thus it is an especially useful experimental tool to investigate the role of oviductal muscular activity in fertility.

scholarly journals SUMOylation of phytochrome-B negatively regulates light-induced signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (35) ◽  
pp. 11108-11113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Sadanandom ◽  
Éva Ádám ◽  
Beatriz Orosa ◽  
András Viczián ◽  
Cornelia Klose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Light Signaling ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Sumo Proteases ◽  
C Terminus

The red/far red light absorbing photoreceptor phytochrome-B (phyB) cycles between the biologically inactive (Pr, λmax, 660 nm) and active (Pfr; λmax, 730 nm) forms and functions as a light quality and quantity controlled switch to regulate photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. At the molecular level, phyB interacts in a conformation-dependent fashion with a battery of downstream regulatory proteins, including PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR transcription factors, and by modulating their activity/abundance, it alters expression patterns of genes underlying photomorphogenesis. Here we report that the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is conjugated (SUMOylation) to the C terminus of phyB; the accumulation of SUMOylated phyB is enhanced by red light and displays a diurnal pattern in plants grown under light/dark cycles. Our data demonstrate that (i) transgenic plants expressing the mutant phyBLys996Arg-YFP photoreceptor are hypersensitive to red light, (ii) light-induced SUMOylation of the mutant phyB is drastically decreased compared with phyB-YFP, and (iii) SUMOylation of phyB inhibits binding of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 5 to phyB Pfr. In addition, we show that OVERLY TOLERANT TO SALT 1 (OTS1) de-SUMOylates phyB in vitro, it interacts with phyB in vivo, and the ots1/ots2 mutant is hyposensitive to red light. Taken together, we conclude that SUMOylation of phyB negatively regulates light signaling and it is mediated, at least partly, by the action of OTS SUMO proteases.

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of chlamydomonas reinhardi chloroplast membrane proteins in vivo and in vitro.

1982 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
G C Owens ◽  
I Ohad
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Reaction Center ◽  
Thylakoid Membrane ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Turnover Process

Phosphorylation of thylakoid membrane proteins in the chloroplast of wild-type and mutant strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardi has been studied in vivo and in vitro. Intact cells or purified membranes were labeled with [32P]orthophosphate or [gamma-32P]ATP, respectively, and the presence of phosphorylated polypeptides was detected by autoradiography after membrane fractionation by SDS PAGE. The 32P was esterified to serine and threonine residues. At least six polypeptides were phosphorylated in vitro and in vivo, and corresponded to components of the photosystem II complex contributing to the formation of the light-harvesting-chlorophyll (LHC) a,b-protein complex, the DCMU binding site (32-35 kdaltons), and the reaction center (26 kdaltons). In agreement with previous reports (Alfonzo, et al., 1979, Plant Physiol., 65:730-734; and Bennett, 1979, FEBS (Fed. Eur. Biochem. Soc.) Lett., 103:342-344), the membrane-bound protein kinase was markedly stimulated by light in vitro via a mechanism requiring photosystem II activity. Phosphorylation of thylakoid membrane polypeptides in vivo was, however, completely independent of illumination. Similar amounts of phosphate were incorporated into the photosynthetic membranes of cells incubated in the dark, in white light with or without 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU), or in red or far-red light. Different turnovers of the phosphate were observed in the light and dark, and a phosphoprotein phosphatase involved in this turnover process was also associated with the membrane. Comparison of the amount of esterified phosphate per protein in vivo and the maximum incorporation in isolated membranes revealed that only a small fraction of the available sites could be phosphorylated in vitro. In contrast to the DCMU binding site, the LHC and 26-kdalton polypeptide were not phosphorylated in vivo when the reaction center II polypeptides of 44-54 kdaltons were missing. The finding that all the phosphoproteins appear to be components of the photosystem II complex and are only partially dephosphorylated in vivo suggests strongly that protein phosphorylation might play an important role in the maintenance of the organizational integrity of this complex. The observation that the LHC is not phosphorylated in the absence of the reaction center lends support to this idea.

Effect of low water potential on phytochrome-induced germination, endosperm softening and cell-wall mannan degradation in Datura ferox seeds

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo A. Sánchez ◽  
Lucila de Miguel ◽  
Carlos Lima ◽  
Rosa M. de Lederkremer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Low Water Potential ◽  
External Water ◽  
Micropylar Endosperm

Phytochrome-induced softening of the micropylar endosperm of Datura ferox seeds is followed by radicle protrusion and preceded by a significant increase in the extractable activity of β-mannanase and β-mannosidase (6 and 3 times over the far-red light controls, respectively) and a decrease in the mannan content of the micropylar endosperm cell walls. This relationship between phytochrome-induced germination, endosperm softening and mannan degradation was studied in Datura ferox seeds subjected to a range of water potentials during the presence of Pfr. Low water potential inhibited the decrease in mannose-rich cell-wall insoluble polysaccharides, the increase in activity of β-mannosidase and endosperm softening. A good correlation was found between activity of β-mannosidase measured at 45 h after exposure to a red light pulse and germination counted 24 h later when, with different external water potentials, germination varied between 0 and 90%. In contrast, no inhibitory effect of low water potential on in vitro β-mannanase activity was detected. We suggest that the in vivo action of β-mannanase might be limited by accumulation of manno-oligosaccharides caused by inhibition of β-mannosidase. These data are consistent with the concept of a link between mannan mobilization and endosperm softening. Part of the effect of low water potential on Pfr-induced germination may be mediated by inhibition of β-mannosidase activity, with consequences for mannan hydrolysis and endosperm softening.

scholarly journals Low-Intensity Far-Red Light Inhibits Early Lesions That Contribute to Diabetic Retinopathy: In Vivo and In Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny Tang ◽  
Yunpeng Du ◽  
Chieh Allen Lee ◽  
Ramaprasad Talahalli ◽  
Janis T. Eells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Early Lesions

An effective zinc phthalocyanine derivative against multidrug-resistant bacterial infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Yuxiang Zhang ◽  
Shufeng Yan ◽  
Zihan Chen ◽  
Yicai Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Phthalocyanine Derivative

Bacterial skin and soft tissue infections are abundant worldwide. The rise in the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has made the need for alternative means of treatment more pressing. We herein report a zinc phthalocyanine derivative, pentalysine [Formula: see text]-carbonylphthalocyanine zinc (ZnPc-(Lys)[Formula: see text] and its strong capability of killing nosocomial MDR bacteria, including MDR-Escherichia coli and MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii. In vitro studies, we observed that ZnPc-(Lys)5 in micromolar concentrations killed above MDR bacteria in 6~6.5 log10 orders with only 5-min illumination of red light at a dosage of 12.75 J/cm[Formula: see text]. Further in vivo studies on a mouse infection model demonstrated that ZnPc-(Lys)5 efficiently inhibited the MDR bacterial growth after one-time photodynamic antibacterial therapy and, interestingly, significantly accelerated the wound healing. Putting together, our findings establish ZnPc-(Lys)5 as a potent antimicrobial candidate for the clinical test on localized infection.

Carbon Dots with Intrinsic Theranostic Properties for Bioimaging, Red-Light-Triggered Photodynamic/Photothermal Simultaneous Therapy In Vitro and In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiechao Ge ◽  
Qingyan Jia ◽  
Weimin Liu ◽  
Minhuan Lan ◽  
Bingjiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Red Light
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