Tribological evaluation of piston skirt/cylinder liner contact interfaces under boundary lubrication conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholaos G. Demas ◽  
Robert A. Erck ◽  
George R. Fenske
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Piston Skirt ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Investigation of wear mechanism of forged steel piston skirt under boundary lubricated conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1303-1309
Author(s):  
Zhang Jian ◽  
Deng Lijun ◽  
Hao Guannan ◽  
Liu Shiying
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Piston Skirt ◽  
Steel Piston ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Purpose With the implementation of new emission standards, the thermal–mechanical coupling load of engine pistons becomes more important. In this case, forged steel material with higher fatigue limit and impact resistance has been applied gradually in piston manufacturing. However, new failure problems emerge, and the wear of skirt under boundary lubrication conditions is an essential problem which needs to be solved urgently. Design/methodology/approach In this research, the abrasion testing machine was used to simulate the wear behavior under different conditions of normal pressure, relative velocity and surface roughness. Besides, the wear morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. Then, the wear model was established by using test results fitting method, offering a way to conduct qualitative analysis for the wear problem under the same conditions. Findings The results show that mainly the wear mechanism of the piston skirt under boundary lubricated conditions is adhesive wear and abrasive wear. In addition, the coefficient and wear rate will increase with the increase in the normal load and surface roughness and decrease with the increase in the relative speed. In the wear model, the wear loss is mainly influenced by the normal load, the relative sliding speed and the wear time. Originality/value The wear degree of piston skirt was qualitatively obtained in this investigation by factors such as pressure, velocity and so on, and the wear mechanism of forged steel piston skirt under boundary lubrication conditions was also determined. These could provide theoretical support for further optimization of cylinder motion and oil supply system, reduction of friction loss and power loss.

Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Ni-Base Coatings under Different Lubrication Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Xiao Dong Sun ◽  
Er Yong Liu ◽  
Zhi Ming Zhou ◽  
Zhi Xiang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Cylinder Block ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Sprayed Coating ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

In order to improve the tribological properties of aluminum alloy cylinder wall, Ni-base coatings were fabricated by atmospheric plasma spraying on aluminum substrate. The composition, microstructure characterization and tribological properties of Ni-base coatings were investigated under different lubrication conditions. The results showed that as-sprayed Ni-based coatings were mainly consisted of γ-Ni solid solution, Ni3B, Cr7C3, Cr6C and Cr3B2 phase. The microstructure of coatings exhibited excellent deposit integrity and density, whilst a typical lamellar structure was observed because the molten droplets successively impinged and spread on the substrate or previously deposited layers to form continuous splats. Friction and wear testing results showed that Ni-based coating performs better than grey cast iron HT200 for the actual application of cylinder block and cylinder liner, especially under boundary lubrication. It was proposed that the excellent mechanical properties ensure the as-sprayed coating with low friction coefficient and wear rate under different lubrication conditions, In addition, the existence of pores was benefitted for the improvement of tribological properties under boundary lubrication.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Effect of Marine Engine Lubricant Degradation on Tribological Performance of Cylinder Liner and Piston Rings Contact Using a Tuning Fork Technology Based Oil Sensor

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Anand ◽  
M Hadfield ◽  
JL Viesca ◽  
B Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Tuning Fork ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Piston Rings ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of changes in oil quality on its tribological performance using a tuning fork technology based oil sensor. In this research, a tribological testing system was commissioned, to simulate the piston ring-cylinder liner sliding contact, and to measure the lubricant condition in real-time using an oil sensor. Tribological contact between cylinder liners and piston rings in marine engines is the most affected region due to excessive thermo-mechanical stresses. At top dead centre, the effect of such stresses is at a maximum where piston-sliding speed is lowest, while the temperature is high due to fuel combustion, and radial load behind the piston rings compressing against the cylinder liner surface is at a maximum due to gas pressure and the compression fit of piston rings within the cylinder liner. At bottom dead centre, this effect is less severe due to a reduction in temperature and gas pressure on the piston rings, as the piston is positioned away from the combustion chamber. These two regions experience boundary lubrication conditions, where anti-wear and anti-friction additives are responsible for forming a protective lubricious film on sliding surfaces. At mid-stroke, piston-sliding speed is maximum, therefore, a full hydrodynamic film is formed in this region separating the piston rings and cylinder liner. The formation of oil film depends upon, the physical properties of oil (such as viscosity and density) under hydrodynamic lubrication conditions, and the oil chemistry (such as presence of additives in oil) under mixed or boundary lubrication conditions. Lubricants in marine engines undergo intense degradation in quality due to contamination with wear particles, water, soot, un-burnt fuel, coolant, and additives depletion. Such degradation of lubricants leads to a reduction in their capability to form a minimum thickness of oil film between two moving engine components to avoid direct metal-to-metal contact, which may cause wear. Therefore, monitoring the condition of marine engine lubricants is vital in order to predict any significant change in its quality. The results obtained from tribology testing and oil condition monitoring in the current research showed a good correlation and are useful to understand the performance of lubricants for piston ring-liner contacts.

scholarly journals Comparison Between the Action of Nano-Oxides and Conventional EP Additives in Boundary Lubrication

Lubricants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Valdicleide Silva Mello ◽  
Marinalva Ferreira Trajano ◽  
Ana Emilia Diniz Silva Guedes ◽  
Salete Martins Alves
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Extreme Pressure Additives ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Additives are essential in lubricant development, improving their performance by the formation of a protective film, thus reducing friction and wear. Some such additives are extreme pressure additives. However, due to environmental issues, their use has been questioned because their composition includes sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus. Nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be a suitable substitute for those additives. This paper aims to make a comparison of the tribological performance of conventional EP additives and oxides nanoparticles (copper and zinc) under boundary lubrication conditions. The additives (nanoparticles, ZDDP, and sulfur) were added to mineral and synthetic oils. The lubricant tribological properties were analyzed in the tribometer HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig), and during the test, the friction coefficient and percentual of film formation were measured. The wear was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the conventional EP additives have a good performance owing to their anti-wear and small friction coefficient in both lubricant bases. The oxides nanoparticles, when used as additives, can reduce the friction more effectively than conventional additives, and displayed similar behavior to the extreme pressure additives. Thus, the oxide nanoparticles are more environmentally suitable, and they can replace EP additives adapting the lubricant to current environmental requirements.

Wear Behavior and Chemical Friction Modification in Binary-Additives System under Boundary-Lubrication Conditions

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kagami ◽  
Masataro Yagi ◽  
Seiichiro Hironaka ◽  
Toshio Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Thin coatings with tetrahedral amorphous carbon structure and their behavior in boundary lubrication conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 506-511
Author(s):  
V.D. Samusenko ◽  
I.A. Zavidovskii ◽  
O.A. Streletskii ◽  
I.A. Buyanovskii ◽  
M.M. Khrushchov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Carbon Structure ◽  
Thin Coatings ◽  
Tribological Tests ◽  
Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Structural Peculiarities ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

The results of an investigation of the structural peculiarities of the thin ta-C coatings obtained by the method of impulse arc sputtering of graphite and of their tribological tests in boundary lubrication conditions are presented.

Tribochemical Interactions of Friction Modifier and Antiwear Additives With CrN Coating Under Boundary Lubrication Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Haque ◽  
A. Morina ◽  
A. Neville ◽  
S. Arrowsmith
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Antiwear Additives ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Crn Coating ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Surface Analysis Techniques ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

In recent years, the optimized use of low friction nonferrous coatings under boundary lubrication conditions has become a challenge to meet the demands of improved fuel economy in automotive applications. This study presents the tribological performance of chromium nitride (CrN) coating using conventional friction modifier (moly dimer) and/or antiwear additive (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP)) containing lubricants in a pin-on-plate tribometer. Using surface analysis techniques such as the atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), both topographical and chemical analyses of tribofilms were performed. This paper shows that ZDDP and moly dimer both give a positive effect for both low friction and antiwear performance in CrN/cast iron system. Both AFM and XPS analyses give evidence of the formation of ZDDP and moly dimer derived tribofilms on the CrN coating and thus support friction and wear results.

Thermal Influence on Torque Transfer of Wet Clutches in Limited Slip Differential Applications

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pa¨r Marklund ◽  
Rikard Ma¨ki ◽  
Roland Larsson ◽  
Erik Ho¨glund ◽  
Michael M. Khonsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
High Load ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Wet clutches operating under low velocity and high load are studied with the aim of obtaining reliable models for the torque transfer during boundary lubrication conditions.

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