Effects of population density and snow depth on the winter diet composition of sika deer

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Seto ◽  
Naoko Matsuda ◽  
Yuji Okahisa ◽  
Koichi Kaji
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Winter Diet

scholarly journals Varied diets, including broadleaved forage, are important for a large herbivore species inhabiting highly modified landscapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika M. Felton ◽  
Emma Holmström ◽  
Jonas Malmsten ◽  
Adam Felton ◽  
Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Large Herbivore ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Varied Diet ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Herbivore Species ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractDiet quality is an important determinant of animal survival and reproduction, and can be described as the combination of different food items ingested, and their nutritional composition. For large herbivores, human landscape modifications to vegetation can limit such diet-mixing opportunities. Here we use southern Sweden’s modified landscapes to assess winter diet mixtures (as an indicator of quality) and food availability as drivers of body mass (BM) variation in wild moose (Alces alces). We identify plant species found in the rumen of 323 moose harvested in Oct-Feb, and link variation in average calf BM among populations to diets and food availability. Our results show that variation in calf BM correlates with variation in diet composition, diversity, and food availability. A varied diet relatively rich in broadleaves was associated with higher calf BM than a less variable diet dominated by conifers. A diet high in shrubs and sugar/starch rich agricultural crops was associated with intermediate BM. The proportion of young production forest (0–15 yrs) in the landscape, an indicator of food availability, significantly accounted for variation in calf BM. Our findings emphasize the importance of not only diet composition and forage quantity, but also variability in the diets of large free-ranging herbivores.

scholarly journals Competition for food between the Mediterranean shag, the great cormorant and artisanal fisheries: a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Aguado-Giménez ◽  
Sergio Eguía-Martínez ◽  
Irene Torres-Campos ◽  
Santiago Meroño-García ◽  
Jacinto Martínez-Ródenas
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Great Cormorant ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii) and the great cormorant (P. carbo sinensis) are syntopic birds in an area encompassing Grosa Island and the Mar Menor coastal lagoon (SE Spain, western Mediterranean) during the breeding season of the former and the wintering period of the latter. Diet composition of both birds was studied through pellet analysis and otolith identification. Competition for fish resources between these two seabirds and with local artisanal fisheries was assessed. Shags preyed preferentially on small pelagic fish, and great cormorants mainly consumed demersal fish. Shag diet consisted of marine fish strictly, but great cormorant fed in all the available environments in the study area, including marine, transitional (coastal lagoon) and freshwater reservoirs. The great dissimilarity observed between shag and great cormorant diet composition showed no competition between them. The low shag population density and fishing effort in their foraging area suggested no competition with fisheries. Conversely, great cormorant population density in the study area was very high, and they foraged on fish of high commercial value. However, competition between great cormorant and artisanal fisheries only affected some of the less abundant species fished.

Estimation of Population Density for Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Using Distance Sampling in the Forested Habitats of Hokkaido, Japan

Mammal Study ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Uno ◽  
Mayumi Ueno ◽  
Yoshihiro Inatomi ◽  
Yuichi Osa ◽  
Nobuhiro Akashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Cervus Nippon

Does diet constrain the occupation of high elevations by macropods? A comparison between Macropus rufogriseus and Wallabia bicolor

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Green ◽  
N. E. Davis ◽  
W. A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Snow Depth ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Alpine Vegetation ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Alpine Zone ◽  
Subalpine Zone ◽  
Wallabia Bicolor ◽  
High Elevations

The ability to utilise a diet of shrubs or trees is key to the survival of herbivores in deep snow. However, reduction in snow depth with climate change may allow herbivores into higher elevations where herbfields are dominant. Wallabia bicolor occurs above the winter snowline of the Snowy Mountains in the subalpine zone, whereas Macropus rufogriseus, does not although it is present in alpine Tasmania. The winter diet of W. bicolor in the Snowy Mountains consisted of shrubs, trees, and herbs. With >60% of food sources (shrubs and trees) available above the snow, the change from occupation of habitat below the winter snowline to above requires little change in its diet. Consumption of shrubs, forbs and monocots by M. rufogriseus was similar between the Snowy Mountains and alpine Tasmania. M. rufogriseus includes a high proportion of shrubs in its diet; however, it may be excluded from snow-covered habitat due to a lesser ability to utilise poor-quality browse. Globally, migratory herbivores respond to deep snow with seasonal movements. However, W. bicolor and M. rufogriseus are not migratory and can only occupy higher elevations of the Snowy Mountains as snow depth and duration diminish. Because they do not currently occupy the alpine zone and the vegetation has not evolved to accommodate their presence, their impact on alpine vegetation is likely to be greater than migratory alpine grazers/browsers.

Winter foraging of sympatric red deer and sika deer in northeast China: diet composition, forage selection, bite diameter and browse intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-284
Author(s):  
Linqiang Zhong ◽  
Xiaoliang Zhi ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Buyi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Winter Foraging

Population Density and Range Use of Sika Deer, Cervus nippon, on Mt. Ohdaigahara, Central Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuyo Maeji ◽  
Shotaro Yokoyama ◽  
Ei'ichi Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Range Use
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