scholarly journals Social organization, home ranges, and extraterritorial forays of black‐backed jackals

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1800-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan F. Kamler ◽  
Ute Stenkewitz ◽  
Tazarve Gharajehdaghipour ◽  
David W. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Home Ranges

Mitochondrial DNA variation, phylogeography and social organization of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) of North East India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Das ◽  
Pranab Jyoti Das ◽  
Partha Pratim Das ◽  
Banasmita Das ◽  
Dharmeswar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley

North east India is one of the exotic hotspots for Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and harbors about half of the global population of the Asian elephant. Here we present the first population genetic study of free-ranging Asian elephants, examining within- and among-population differentiation by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation across the Brahmaputra valley and elephant reserves of North east India. Surprisingly, the population here had shown lower mtDNA haplotype diversity with little mtDNA differentiation among localities within the Brahmaputra valley. This suggests extensive gene flow in the past, which is compatible with the home ranges of several hundred square kilometers for elephants in this region. Conversely, the Brahmaputra valley population is genetically distinct at a mitochondrial level than other tested elephant populations. These results significantly indicate the importance of population bottlenecks, social organization, and bio-geographic barriers in shaping the distribution of genetic variations among Asian elephant populations in North east India.

scholarly journals Home Ranges and Social Organization of Syntopic Peromyscus boylii and P. truei

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Ribble ◽  
Sherri Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Peromyscus Boylii

Ecology and Behaviour of North American Black Bears (Home Ranges, Habitat and Social Organization)

10.2307/5932 ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Suzanne Kynaston ◽  
R.A. Powell ◽  
J.W. Zimmerman ◽  
D.E. Seaman
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
North American ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

Pronghorn male spatial organization: population differences in degree of nonterritoriality

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine R. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Antilocapra Americana ◽  
Home Range Overlap ◽  
Range Overlap

Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) vary in spatial organization. A literature review revealed that males occupied undefended home ranges in 12 populations and maintained territories in 11 populations. Low-productivity habitats and high or low population density could preclude territoriality. Using activity budgets, interaction rates, and home-range overlap, male social organization was described for a translocated pronghorn population in central California and compared with that of another population studied at Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, to determine if males were organized differently. Interaction rates were highest during spring, decreased in summer, then increased in late summer coincident with the rut. Home-range overlap ranged from 0 to 85% and averaged 30.6%; small amounts of overlap resulted from geographical features rather than from behavioral interactions. Males joined groups of females and fawns during summer; few behavior patterns associated with territoriality were observed. Males occupied undefended home ranges and this spacing system may have been influenced by food abundance and distribution, population density, or a combination of these factors. Comparisons between Sheldon and Carrizo males indicated that, while neither population was territorial, the behavior of Sheldon males was closer to the territoriality end of a continuum between territoriality and undefended home range than was that of Carrizo males. Behavior patterns were very similar between the populations but some occurred more frequently among Sheldon males. Both populations lived in semi-arid habitats, where low primary productivity would make the costs of maintaining territories greater than the benefits. Differences between the populations could be based on differences in population density. The Carrizo population was small and widely dispersed and male–male competition appeared low; therefore, the opportunity to interact with other males was lower than in areas of higher population density. Comparisons with other populations were difficult to make because of a lack of quantified data on behavioral and ecological variables. Such data are required if more is to be learned about the effects of ecology and demography on social organization.

Aspects of raccoon (Procyon lotor) social organization

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik K. Fritzell
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
East Central ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Temporal Relationships

Spatial and temporal relationships among members of a raccoon (Procyon lotor) population were studied during spring and summer in east-central North Dakota during 1973–1975. Radio telemetry was used to locate 48 raccoons 6443 times. Livetrapping results and other observations suggested that most raccoons in the area were radio equipped; densities were estimated to be 0.5–1.0 resident/km2. Adult males maintained large areas relatively exclusive of other adult males; they seldom were located within 3 km of each other even though their home ranges abutted. One adult male responded to the death of an adjacent adult male by shifting movements into the dead male's former home range. Two or more parous or pregnant females resided within the home ranges of a single adult male. All yearling males showed signs of dispersal in May, June, or July; some occupied exclusive areas as adults in the following year. Parous or pregnant females (six adults, one yearling) occupied extensively overlapping home ranges but were never located with other adult or yearling raccoons. Nulliparous yearling females did not disperse and tolerated other raccoons. Territoriality is indicated among adult males probably in response to competition for access to females.

scholarly journals Capture Locations of Coyotes, Canis latrans, Bobcats, Lynx rufus, and Raccoons, Procyon lotor, Relative to Home Range Boundaries

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Gipson ◽  
Jan F. Kamler
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Canis Latrans ◽  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
And Behavior

Previous research showed that Coyotes (Canis latrans) and other canids might be more vulnerable to capture near the boundary or outside of their home ranges, making the capture of specific individuals within their territories difficult. Information concerning capture vulnerability relative to home range boundaries for other carnivores is lacking. During a four-year study of carnivore ecology in Kansas, we compared capture locations of Coyotes, Bobcats (Lynx rufus), and Raccoons (Procyon lotor) to their home range boundaries to determine if they were more likely to be captured inside, or near the periphery of, their home ranges. Resident Coyotes were captured disproportionately more often (P < 0.01) near the periphery of their home ranges, whereas Bobcats, Raccoons, and transient Coyotes were captured equally (P > 0.05) in both areas of their home ranges. Differences in capture vulnerability within and between species might be related to differences in social organization and behavior.

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