Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Constructs

Using corpora in depth psychology: a trigram-based analysis of a corpus of fetish fantasies

Corpora ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Depth Psychology ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Depth Psychological ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Quantitative Linguistics

Contemporary depth psychology is under constant pressure to demonstrate and strengthen its evidence base. In this paper, I show how the analysis of large corpora can contribute to this goal of developing and testing depth-psychological theory. To provide a basis for evaluating statements about foot and shoe fetishism, I analyse the thirty-six most frequent three-word phrases (or trigrams) in a corpus of about 1.6 million words of amateur fetish stories written in the German language. Zipfian methods from quantitative linguistics are used to specify the number of phrases for analysis and I argue that these reflect the core themes of the corpus. The analysis reveals three main dimensions. First, it corroborates the observations of the early sexologists that foot and shoe fetishism is very closely intertwined with sadomasochism. Secondly, it shows that genitalia-related phrases are also common, but an examination of their contexts questions Freud's theory that fetishism results from an assumption of female castration. Thirdly, it reveals that the mouth also plays a key role; however, the frequent co-presence of genitalia references in the same texts does not seem to support straightforwardly the most common alternative theory of fetishism based on object relations. Future research could valuably extend this approach to other fetishes and, in due course, to other depth-psychological constructs.

Preparing Brigade Combat Team Soldiers for Mission Readiness Through Research on Intangible Psychological Constructs and Their Applications: Phase 1

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Aude ◽  
Jonathan Bryson ◽  
Heidi Keller-Glaze ◽  
Kenneth Nicely ◽  
Christopher L. Vowels
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Psychological Constructs

If Eyes are the Window to Our Soul, What Role does Eye-Tracking Play in Accounting Research?

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Lynch ◽  
Lindsay M. Andiola
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Accounting ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Instructional Resource ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Research Domains

ABSTRACT Recent advances in technology have increased the accessibility and ease in using eye-tracking as a research tool. These advances have the potential to benefit behavioral accounting researchers' understanding of the cognitive processes underlying individuals' judgments, decisions, and behaviors. However, despite its potential and wide use in other disciplines, few behavioral accounting studies use eye-tracking. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize accounting researchers with eye-tracking, including its advantages and limitations as a research tool. We start by providing an overview of eye-tracking and discussing essential terms and useful metrics, as well as the psychological constructs they proxy. We then summarize eye-tracking research across research domains, review accounting studies that use eye-tracking, and identify future research directions across accounting topics. Finally, we provide an instructional resource to guide those researchers interested in using eye-tracking, including important considerations at each stage of the study. JEL Classifications: M41; C91.

scholarly journals Positive Psychology for Mental Wellbeing of UK Therapeutic Students: Relationships with Engagement, Motivation, Resilience and Self-Compassion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kotera ◽  
Pauline Green ◽  
David Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Occupational Therapy Students ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the relationships between mental wellbeing and positive psychological constructs in therapeutic students (psychotherapy and occupational therapy students). The number of therapeutic students has increased recently; however, they suffer from poor mental health, which may be improved by potentiating their positive psychological constructs, bypassing mental health shame. Therapeutic students (n = 145) completed measures regarding positive psychological constructs, namely mental wellbeing, engagement, motivation, resilience, and self-compassion. Resilience and self-compassion predicted mental wellbeing, explaining a large effect. Self-compassion partially mediated the relationship between resilience and mental wellbeing. This study highlights the importance of positive psychological constructs, especially resilience and self-compassion, for mental wellbeing of therapeutic students.

Psychological Constructs for AI Systems: The Information Continuum

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
James A. Crowder ◽  
John Carbone ◽  
Shelli Friess
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Constructs

Values, Motivations, and Intentions to Engage in Proenvironmental Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carena J. van Riper ◽  
Clinton Lum ◽  
Gerard T. Kyle ◽  
Kenneth E. Wallen ◽  
James Absher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Educational Outreach ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Proenvironmental Behavior ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Leave No Trace ◽  
Public Land Management ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
The U.S

Knowledge of the relationships among psychological constructs such as values and motivations that influence proenvironmental behavior provides public land management agencies with guidance on how to minimize stakeholder impacts on the environment. A rich body of research has demonstrated that values form a tripartite structure underlying environmental concern, encompassing biospheric, egoistic, and altruistic values; however, recent work has suggested hedonic values are also an instrumental basis for environmental concern. Few studies have tested this proposition. We contend that hedonic values are instrumental in explaining the psychological processes that gird individual decisions, particularly in nature-based settings where stakeholder decisions are compelled by leisure pursuits. Our results indicate that place-based motivations, particularly escape from the pressures of everyday life, can help close the prominent value–action gap and explain why outdoor recreationists engage in minimum-impact activities specified in the U.S. Leave No Trace educational outreach program.

scholarly journals Understanding and Describing PTSD in Kosovo: A Systematic Evidence-Based Review

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401773458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naim Fanaj ◽  
Erika Melonashi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Mental health problems related to the psychological trauma of war still represent a public health concern in postwar Kosovo. Despite the universal character of exposure to trauma, there are suggestions that the manifestation posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or related psychosocial factors might vary across cultures. The aim of the present article was to provide a critical overview of research on PTSD in the specific sociocultural context of Kosovo by examining prevalence rates, as well as related demographic and psychosocial variables. For this purpose, 51 studies were evaluated. Results showed that, even 10 years postwar prevalence rates for PTSD are still high among civilians exposed to trauma, refugees, and veterans. As regards psychiatric and psychological constructs correlating with PTSD, studies suggested the following: anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, anger, and revenge thoughts. Moreover, socioeconomic factors and social support were identified as highly influential on quality of life of individuals with PTSD. Nonetheless the studies considered for review had numerous methodological problems such as sample size, self-selection, nonrandomized process, and lack of control groups, findings of existing studies still need to be carefully considered and future research is necessary.

Learning to Learn: How 4th and 5th Grade Boys and Girls Differ

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Seeshing Yeung ◽  
Rachel Yuk Hung Hon ◽  
Dennis M. Mclnerney
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Reading To Learn ◽  
5Th Grade

AbstractFrom 20 primary schools in Hong Kong, a sample of 59 boys and 62 girls in 4th grade and 98 boys and 99 girls in 5th grade (N = 318) responded to a survey about their learning-to-learn capabilities including (a) reading to learn, (b) self-management, (c) desire for knowledge, and (d) originality of ideas, and two facilitating factors for enabling such capabilities, including (e) academic self-concept, and (f) effort goal orientation. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the validity of the six psychological constructs. Analysis of variance found that although boys and girls did not differ in academic self-concept, desire for knowledge and originality, girls scored higher in effort goal orientation, reading to learn, and self-management. There was a gender x grade interaction effect in reading to learn, indicating that 5th grade girls were more willing than 4th grade girls to acquire knowledge through reading whereas 5th grade boys were less willing than 4th grade boys to do so. Advocates of education reform need to consider gender differences when formulating policies to promote students’ learning-to-learn capabilities and particularly to encourage boys to read.

The Adult Playfulness Scale: An Initial Assessment

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Glynn ◽  
Jane Webster
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Adult Playfulness ◽  
Functional Orientation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender

We develop a theory-based measure of adults' playfulness, the Adult Playfulness Scale. Five studies, conducted in laboratory and field sites with over 300 individuals, examine the psychometric properties and correlates of playfulness. As expected, playfulness relates to a set of psychological traits, including cognitive spontaneity and creativity, as well as to functional orientation and rank. No definitive relationships were found, however, between adults' playfulness and gender or age, but playfulness related positively to work outcomes, including task evaluations, perceptions, involvement, and performance, and provided more predictive efficacy than other psychological constructs studied here. Finally, the Adult Playfulness Scale demonstrates good reliability and shows promise for the study of playfulness in the workplace.

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