Gas chromatography of monosaccharides asO-isopropylidene derivatives. Analysis of hay, grass silage, and alkali-treated barley straw after mild and strong acid hydrolysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Morgenlie ◽  
Torstein H Garmo ◽  
Frik Sundstøl
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Isopropylidene Derivatives

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KUPASAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Esteria Hasianna Purba ◽  
Iryanti Eka Suprihatin ◽  
A.A.I.A. Mayun Laksmiwati
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Potato Peels ◽  
Detoxification Process

Ethanol fermented from potato peels is proposed as one alternative source of renewable energy called bioethanol. In this research bioethanol was produced through four stages namely acid hydrolysis, detoxification, fermentation and distillation. The acid hydrolysis process was carried out using sulphuric acid at 100oC for 60 minutes. The detoxification process was carried out by adding NH4OH into the hydrolyzate prior to fermentation. Distillation was performed up to 100oC and the distillate with the BP of 78-84oC was determined for its ethanol content using gas chromatography. The ethanol produced from 5 grams of dried potato peels through fermentation for 4, 5, 6, and 7 days 3.54%; 4,85%; 5,35%; and 6.15% respectively.

Supplementation of grazing dairy cows with a brewers grains/treated straw mixture

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 46-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Leaver ◽  
R.C. Campling
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows ◽  
Similar Cost ◽  
Friesian Cows

Supplementary feeding of grazing dairy cows is often uneconomic, and whilst supplementation with silage (buffer feeding) can be worthwhile, this often leads to a depletion of winter forage stores. In this study, a mixture of brewers grains and treated straw was used as a supplement. Offered as a 1:1 mixture in the dry matter (DM), it is a purchased substitute for grass silage, having a similar cost, and similar metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) contents. The high seasonality adjustments to milk price in mid-late season make supplementation potentially worthwhile.Experiments were carried out from April to September in 1988 and 1989, which had moderate and very low rainfall respectively. Each year 20 British Friesian cows which calved December to March (1988 experiment) and February-April (1989) were allocated at random to either treatment B or C. In B, the cows were offered a 1:1 mixture (DM basis) of brewers grains and NaOH treated chopped barley straw for 60 minutes after morning milking. In C, the cows received no supplement. Both groups were fed 1.0 kg/day of concentrates in the milking parlour. Due to the severe drought in 1989, concentrate feeding was increased to 5.0 kg/day for all cows during the last 4 weeks of the experiment. Also, urea-treated whole crop wheat was fed at a level of 2.5 kg DM/day during the last 7 days.

scholarly journals Methane emissions from two breeds of beef cows offered diets containing barley straw with either grass silage or brewers’ grains

animal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1680-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-A. Duthie ◽  
J.A. Rooke ◽  
J.J. Hyslop ◽  
A. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Grass Silage

scholarly journals Effect of increasing digestible undegraded protein supply to dairy cows in late gestation on the yield and composition of milk during the subsequent lactation

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Moorby ◽  
R. J. Dewhurst ◽  
S. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Protein Pool ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractEffects of feeding a protein supplement to dairy cows during the dry period on performance during the following lactation were investigated in two experiments. Holstein-Friesian cows were paired towards the end of lactation, and, after drying off, one of each pair received a typical dry cow management regime of ad libitum grass silage (experiment 1), or a mix of grass silage and distillers' grains or pressed beet pulp (experiment 2). The other cows were offered restricted access to the same basal diet, together with ad libitum access to barley straw and 0·5 kg/day high protein maize gluten meal. During the following lactation, animals from both groups were treated without reference to dry period treatment, and were offered equal access to the same lactation diet. Data were analysed by analysis of variance of experiment means and by parallel curve analysis using sample means. In experiment 1, milk yields were similar (27·2 v. 27·9 (s.e.d. 2·12) kg/day for control and supplemented animals respectively) but milk protein yields, and hence concentrations, were significantly higher (P < 0·001) from supplemented animals (28·9 v. 31·8 (s.e.d. 0·58) g/kg). In experiment 2, milk yields were significantly higher (P < 0·001) from supplemented animals (mean 33·3 v. 35·4 (s.e.d. 1·66) kg/day; however, milk protein yields were also significantly increased (P < 0·001) and the change in milk protein concentration was small. No difference in dry-matter intake was recorded in a subset of animals during early lactation in experiment 2. It is hypothesized that the maternal labile body protein pool was maintained or replenished during the dry period by the provision of the protein supplement, and that this had a significant effect on subsequent lactation performance.

scholarly journals Identification of phosphorylated 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid as a component of Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide

1987 ◽  
Vol 245 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Zamze ◽  
M A J Ferguson ◽  
E R Moxon ◽  
R A Dwek ◽  
T W Rademacher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rough Mutant

A phosphorylated 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) was released from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the deep rough mutant (Rb+169) of Haemophilus influenzae by acid hydrolysis. Both phosphorylated and dephosphorylated KDO, produced by treatment with alkaline phosphatase, were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after trimethylsilylation. This technique provides a rapid and reliable method for the identification of phosphorylated KDO in LPS.

Crystallinity, Tapping and Bulk Density of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) Isolated from Rice Husk (RH)

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zuliahani ◽  
R. Nurul Nadhirah ◽  
A.R. Rozyanty ◽  
Wan Izhan Nawawi ◽  
A.B. Nor Hanani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Composite Fabrication ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
The Stability

The isolation of microcryostalline cellulose (MCC) from rice husk (RH) via acid hydrolysis process has been successfully prepared by using different molarity of nitric acid (HNO3) and hydrochloric acids (HCl). The properties of MCC obtained such as tapping and bulk densities, thermal stability and percentage crystallinity were studied. Tapping and bulk densities shown comparable results regardless of different acid used that reflecting the potential of MCC as reinforcement filler in composite fabrication. The usage of 2M HNO3 gives highest percentage crystallinity (69%) in comparison with 2M HCl (49%). The result indicates the stability of MCC-RH obtained using HNO3 has great potential to replace strong acid in acid hydrolysis process.

The use of sodium hydroxide-treated straw in rations for beef cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Cuthbert ◽  
W. S. Thickett ◽  
P. N. Wilson ◽  
T. Brigstocke
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beet Pulp

ABSTRACTSixty-four British Friesian castrated male cattle (steers) with an average starting weight of 292 kg and an average slaughter weight of 460 kg were used to compare compound diets containing 0, 10, 20 or 30% NaOH-treated straw. A basic diet of 1·8 kg hay, 1·8 kg barley straw and sugar beet pulp, on a scale rising from 1·4 to 2·8 kg according to live weight, was given throughout the trial. Compound diets were individually offered on a scale starting at 3·8 kg rising to 5·8 kg with an average intake of 4·9 kg/day. Treatments did not differ significantly in respect of live-weight gain, which ranged from 0·94 kg/day with the control to 0·97 kg/day with the 30% NaOH-treated straw compound. The grading of the animals, based on the Meat and Livestock Classification scheme, also showed no significant difference.A second trial with a further 64 British Friesian steers tested inclusion levels of 0, 30,45 and 60% treated straw in a compound diet. At the start of the trial, the cattle averaged 328 kg live weight and were slaughtered from 450 kg live weight. Animals were yarded in store condition and were given a combination of grass silage and compound diets according to a scale, based on live weight and a predicted performance of 1 kg live-weight gain per day. There were no significant differences between treatments in live-weight gain, which ranged from 0·97 kg on the control to 1·02 kg/day on the 45% NaOH-treated straw diet. There was some refusal on the 60% NaOH-treated straw diet in respect of twice daily allocations, with a few cattle on occasions not being able to consume the allowance in the 30 min provided. However, each feed allocation was always consumed before the next meal. There were no significant differences between treatments in respect of fat class, but cattle on the 45% treated-straw diet had statistically superior conformation compared with the control.

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