The expressible fluid of fish fillets. I. —Nucleic acid as an index of cell damage in fillets frozen from both sides

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Love
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Fish Fillets

scholarly journals Bioassay for Endothelial Damage Mediators Retrieved by Hemoadsorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Denzinger ◽  
Ludger Staendker ◽  
Keno Ehlers ◽  
Julian M. Schneider ◽  
Tanja Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Video Observation ◽  
Molecular Pattern ◽  
Immediate Recovery ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Abstract Hemoadsorption devices are used to treat septic shock by adsorbing inflammatory cytokines and as yet incompletely defined danger and pathogen associated molecular patterns. In an ideal case, hemoadsorption results in immediate recovery of microvascular endothelial cells’ (mEC) function and rapid recovery from catecholamine-dependency and septic shock. We here tested a single device, which consists of polystyrene-divinylbenzene core particles of 450 μm diameter with a high affinity for hydrophobic compounds. The current study aimed at the proof of concept that endothelial-specific damage mediators are adsorbed and can be recovered from hemoadsorption devices. Because of excellent clinical experience, we tested protein fractions released from a hemoadsorber in a novel endothelial bioassay. Video-based, long-term imaging of mEC proliferation and cell death were evaluated and combined with apoptosis and ATP measurements. Out of a total of 39 fractions recovered from column fractionation, we identified 3 fractions that caused i) inhibition of mEC proliferation, ii) increased cell death and iii) induction of apoptosis in mEC. When adding these 3 fractions to mEC, their ATP contents were reduced. These fractions contained proteins of approximately 15 kDa, and high amounts of nucleic acid, which was at least in part oxidized. The efficacy for endothelial cell damage prevention by hemoadsorption can be addressed by a novel endothelial bioassay and long-term video observation procedures. Protein fractionation of the hemoadsorption devices used is feasible to study and define endothelial damage ligands on a molecular level. The results suggest a significant effect by circulating nucleic acids – bound to an as yet undefined protein, which may constitute a major danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) in the exacerbation of inflammation when patients experience septic shock. Hemoadsorption devices may thus limit endothelial damage, through the binding of nucleic acid-bearing aggregates and thus contribute to improved endothelial barrier function.

Sheng-Mai-San Reduces Adriamycin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyh-Sheng You ◽  
Hui-Feng Huang ◽  
Ying-Ling Chang ◽  
Ying-Shiung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cumulative Dose ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Myocardial Cell ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Electron Microscopic

The traditional Chinese medicine prescription "Sheng-Mai-San (SMS)" has been used for treating patients with coronary heart disease for a long time and was found to have antioxidative effects. Here, we applied adriamycin (doxorubicin, ADR), a highly effective anticancer agent, as an inducer to establish the animal model of dose-related cardiomyopathy due to inhibition of nucleic acid as well as protein synthesis, formation of free radicals, and lipid peroxidation. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of SMS on adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: CONT (control), ADR, SMS, and ADR + SMS. ADR (cumulative dose, 15 mg/kg) was administered to rats in six equal intraperitoneal injections over a period of 2 weeks and SMS was administered via a feeding tube throughout the mouth once a day for 30 days (cumulative dose, 150 g/kg). At the end of the 5-week post-treatment period, the hearts of the rats were surgically removed for the study of synthesis rates of DNA, RNA and proteins. Besides myocardial antioxidants, lipid peroxidation and morphological ultrastructure were also evaluated. Three weeks after the treatment, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure were characterized according to assessment in ascites, congested liver, depressed cardiac function and myocardial cell damage. The results demonstrated that nucleic acid as well as protein synthesis was inhibited, while lipid peroxidation was increased. Myocardial glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity was decreased and electron microscopic examination revealed myocardial lesion indicative of ADR-induced cardiomyopathy. In contrast, administration of SMS before and concurrent with ADR significantly attenuated the myocardial effects. It also lowered mortality as well as the amount of ascites. In addition, indexes in myocardial GSHPx, macromolecular biosynthesis and superoxide dismutase activities were increasing, with a concomitant decrease in lipid peroxidation and preserved myocardial ultrastructure. These results indicated that SMS may be partially protective against ADR-induced cardiomyopathy.

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