Bottom‐up redistribution of biomass optimizes energy allocation, water use and yield formation in dryland wheat improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu‐Fang Li ◽  
Bao‐Luo Ma ◽  
Sha Guo ◽  
Tong‐Tong Ding ◽  
You‐Cai Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Energy Allocation ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Yield Formation

scholarly journals Drought Tolerance Studies in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mahpara ◽  
S.T. Hussain ◽  
J. Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Food Requirement ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Improvement Programs

Abstract Wheat is a foremost staple food crop of Pakistan and plays a vital role for stability of country's economy and people's food requirement. Shortage of water has remained a consistent problem for the farmers over past few years and different agronomic techniques have been introduced into the limelight. But there is an immense scope of making some genetic manipulations to improve/enhance the drought tolerance of wheat. It has been observed by many researchers that yield in drought stress conditions, is a fine fusion of the traits like days taken by crop to reach physical maturity, water use efficiency, crop water use and harvest index. Drought being one of the main limiting factors of wheat production should be highly preferred in the future wheat improvement programs.

Quantification of wheat water-use efficiency at the shire-level in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Doherty ◽  
V. O. Sadras ◽  
D. Rodriguez ◽  
A. Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Seasonal Water Use

In eastern Australia, latitudinal gradients in vapour pressure deficit (VPD), mean temperature (T), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and fraction of diffuse radiation (FDR) around the critical stage for yield formation affect wheat yield and crop water-use efficiency (WUE = yield per unit evapotranspiration). In this paper we combine our current understanding of these climate factors aggregated in a normalised phototermal coefficient, NPq = (PAR· FDR)/(T · VPD), with a shire-level dynamic model of crop yield and water use to quantify WUE of wheat in 245 shires across Australia. Three measures of WUE were compared: WUE, the ratio of measured yield and modelled evapotranspiration; WUEVPD, i.e. WUE corrected by VPD; and WUENPq, i.e. WUE corrected by NPq. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that WUENPq suits regional comparisons better than WUE or WUEVPD. Actual median yield at the shire level (1975–2000) varied from 0.5 to 2.8 t/ha and the coefficient of variation ranged from 18 to 92%. Modelled median evapotranspiration varied from 106 to 620 mm and it accounted for 42% of the variation in yield among regions. The relationship was non-linear, and yield stabilised at ~2 t/ha for evapotranspiration above 343 mm. There were no associations between WUE and rainfall. The associations were weak (R2 = 0.09) but in the expected direction for WUEVPD, i.e. inverse with seasonal rainfall and direct with off-season rainfall, and strongest for WUENPq (R2 = 0.40).We suggest that the effects of VPD, PAR, FDR, and T, can be integrated to improve the regional quantification of WUE defined in terms of grain yield and seasonal water use.

Psychology and Culture: Top Down Versus Bottom Up?

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cole
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up
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