scholarly journals Palaeoecological evidence of changes in vegetation and climate during the Holocene in the pre-Polar Urals, northeast European Russia

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seija Kultti ◽  
Minna Väliranta ◽  
Kaarina Sarmaja-Korjonen ◽  
Nadia Solovieva ◽  
Tarmo Virtanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Russia ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

Holocene history of boreal forest landscapes of the Central European Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Belyaev ◽  
Ilya Shorkunov ◽  
Katerina Garankina ◽  
Nikita Mergelov ◽  
Yulia Shishkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Late Pleistocene To Holocene

<p>Recent detailed investigations of landforms, soils and surface deposits of the Borisoglebsk Upland northeastern slope within the Nero Lake basin (Central European Russia, Yaroslavl Region) allowed deciphering co-evolution of the major landscape components of the case study area since the Late Pleistocene. The Late Pleistocene to Holocene transition in the gully network was represented by relatively short but high-magnitude (up to 12 m) incision phase followed by significant infill till 6.5 ka. Absence of the well-developed early Holocene paleosols in the studied sections and cores suggests dominantly negative sediment budget. There is so far limited evidence of sedimentation over the first half of the Holocene. Discontinuous deposition with certain interruptions (but without distinct buried soil formation) occurred only within closed depressions and on gully fans. The second part of the Holocene prior to the widespread human settlement left more substantial traces in soil and sediment record. Despite the common perception of the pristine boreal forest landscapes to be geomorphologically stable due to erosion-protective role of woodland vegetation, several phases of dramatically increased soil and gully erosion rates have been identified. It is identified in soil bodies and sediments, both at locations dominated by denudation (evidences of multiple topsoil truncation in Atlantic and Subatlantic) and at zones of alternating incision and infill of small linear erosion features. Such extremes were most likely associated with combination of several triggers including natural forest fires and high-magnitude rainfall or snowmelt runoff events. There are several <sup>14</sup>C dated layers of pyrogenic charcoal indicating pre-anthropogenic wildfire-induced incision and infill cycles during the middle and late Holocene.</p><p>The last phases of increased hillslope and fluvial activity within the study area can be related to increased human interference, starting from about 1600-900 years ago. The onset of cut-and-burn cultivation is independently established from available archeological evidences, dating of cut and burnt tree logs remnants, organic material buried by agrogenic colluvium and gully fans. Latest period of intensive gully growth can most likely be attributed to the XIX<sup>th</sup> Century land tenure reform, when most of the study area gullies experienced significant linear growth, bottom incisions and appearance of several new gully branches. The most recent trend of soil and gully erosion has been evaluated by <sup>137</sup>Cs sediment tracing, soil empirical modeling and comparison of historical and modern maps, airborne photos and satellite images. Rates of soil redistribution on slopes decreased significantly over the last several decades due to combination of natural and anthropogenic impacts: 1) decreased spring snowmelt runoff caused mainly by generally lowered thickness of seasonally frozen topsoil layer; 2) arable land abandonment or shift from row crops and cereals to perennial grass-dominated crop rotations in the post-Soviet period. In addition, local short-term (from several years to within-year) cycles of relatively low-magnitude (not exceeding ±1 m range) incision and infill in gullies are often triggered by biogenic activities, namely beaver dam constructions and breaches and local log jams.</p><p>The study is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 19-77-10061) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 19-29-05238).</p>

Reconstruction of climate and vegetation changes of Lake Bayanchagan (Inner Mongolia): Holocene variability of the East Asian monsoon

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenying Jiang ◽  
Zhengtang Guo ◽  
Xiangjun Sun ◽  
Haibin Wu ◽  
Guoqiang Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

AbstractA high-resolution pollen and Pediastrum record, spanning 12,500 yr, is presented for Lake Bayanchagan , southern Inner Mongolia. Individual pollen taxa (PT-MAT) and the PFT affinity scores (PFT-MAT) were used for quantitative climatic reconstruction from pollen and algal data. Both techniques indicate that a cold and dry climate, similar to that of today, prevailed before 10,500 cal yr B.P. The wettest climate occurred between ∼10,500 and 6500 cal yr B.P., at which time annual precipitation was up to 30–60% higher than today. The early Holocene increases in temperature and precipitation occurred simultaneously, but mid-Holocene cooling started at approximately 8000 cal yr B.P., 1500 yr earlier than the drying. Vegetation reconstruction was based on the objective assignment of pollen taxa to the plant functional type. The results suggest that this region was dominated by steppe vegetation throughout the Holocene, except for the period ∼9200 to ∼6700 cal yr B.P., when forest patches were relatively common. Inner Mongolia is situated at the limit of the present East Asian monsoon and patterns of vegetation and climate changes in that region during the Holocene probably reflect fluctuations in the monsoon's response to solar insolation variations. The early to middle Holocene monsoon undoubtedly extended to more northern latitudes than at present.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF VEGETATION AND CLIMATE OF THE OKINSKY PLATEAU (EASTERN SAYAN) IN THE HOLOCENE

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
E. V. Volchatova ◽  
E. V. Bezrukova ◽  
A. A. Amosova ◽  
Maarten van Hardenbroek ◽  
N. V. Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
The Holocene ◽  
History Of Vegetation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eastern Sayan ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

scholarly journals Changes of Vegetation and Climate in the North-West of the Central Russian Upland in the Holocene

2016 ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Novenko ◽  
A. N. Tsyganov ◽  
E. M. Volkova ◽  
K. V. Babeshko ◽  
N. V. Lavrent’ev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Holocene ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Russian Upland ◽  
Vegetation And Climate
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