Dissolution Rate of Griseofulvin in Bile Salt Solutions

In an autoperfused dog ileum preparation, artificial pressure, venous outflow pressure, blood flow, and arteriovenous oxygen difference were measured while bile and bile salt solutions, at physiological concentrations, were placed in the lumen. Intraluminal placement of endogenous bile, synthetic bile, or bile salt solutions increased ileal blood flow (99 +/- 10, 94 +/- 20, and 104 +/- 17%, respectively) and oxygen uptake (30 +/- 5, 36 +/- 9, and 28 +/- 5%, respectively). Endogenous bile pretreated with cholestyramine, a bile salt-sequestering resin, did not alter ileal blood flow, yet increased ileal oxygen uptake by 11 +/- 3%, a response similar to that observed while Tyrode's solution (the vehicle) was in the lumen. Intra-arterial infusion of bile salts increased ileal blood flow in a dose-dependent manner, while not significantly altering ileal oxygen uptake. The results of the present study indicate that bile salts play an important role in the functional (postprandial) hyperemia in the ileum by 1) directly dilating the ileal vasculature and 2) enhancing ileal metabolism during their active absorption.

Download Full-text

Studies in bile salt solutions. IV. Rile salt catalysis and inhibition of ester hydrolysis

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch9841881 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 37 (9) ◽

pp. 1881 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

CJ O'Conner ◽

RG Wallace

Keyword(s):

Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽

Bile Salt ◽

Bile Salts ◽

Ester Hydrolysis ◽

Diethyl Acetal ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Phenyl Salicylate ◽

The Stability ◽

Ph Range

The reactivity of 4-nitrophenyl acetate has been examined in solutions of mono-, di-, and tri-hydroxy- cholanates and their taurine and glycine conjugates. The effect of cholate solutions on the stability of acetylsalicylic acid, phenyl salicylate and benzaldehyde diethyl acetal has also been determined. At the bile salt concentrations and in the pH range of the duodenum, bile salts do not significantly influence the stability of these compounds.

Download Full-text

Thermodynamics of aqueous bile salt solutions: Heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy of dilution

Journal of Solution Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf00649489 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 785-801 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

N. Rajagopalan ◽

M. Vadnere ◽

S. Lindenbaum

Keyword(s):

Heat Capacity ◽

Bile Salt ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Enthalpy And Entropy

Download Full-text

In vitro studies of gallstone dissolution using bile salt solutions and heparinized saline

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1002/bjs.1800640813 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 64 (8) ◽

pp. 572-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

I. R. Hardie ◽

M. K. Green ◽

W. Burnett ◽

D. R. Walland ◽

A. Hall-Brown

Keyword(s):

Bile Salt ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Gallstone Dissolution ◽

Heparinized Saline

Download Full-text

Studies in bile salt solutions

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science ◽

10.1016/0021-9797(86)90119-0 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 112 (2) ◽

pp. 504-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Charmian J O'Connor ◽

John R Longbottom

Keyword(s):

Bile Salt ◽

Salt Solutions

Download Full-text

Distribution and partitioning of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol in micellar bile salt solutions

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.3.g268 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 253 (3) ◽

pp. G268-G273

Author(s):

K. Chijiiwa

Keyword(s):

Bile Salt ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Brush Border Membrane ◽

Monomer Concentration ◽

Direct Interaction ◽

Similar Amount ◽

Micellar Solutions ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Micellar Aggregates ◽

Everted Jejunal Sacs

The distribution of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol in micellar bile salt solutions was studied using an ultrafiltration technique to separate micellar aggregates from monomers present in the intermicellar aqueous phase. The partitioning and the rates of influx across the brush-border membrane of these two sterols from micellar solutions were determined using polyethylene discs and everted jejunal sacs, respectively. Micellar solubilities of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol were not significantly different, whereas the monomer concentration of beta-sitosterol in the intermicellar aqueous phase was significantly lower than that of cholesterol [0.21 +/- 0.02 microM for beta-sitosterol and 25.0 +/- 2.71 (SE) microM for cholesterol, P less than 0.001]. There was no difference in the partitioning nor was there a difference in the rates of influx between cholesterol and beta-sitosterol from micellar solutions containing a similar amount of the two sterols. It is concluded that monomer concentration of beta-sitosterol in the intermicellar aqueous phase is extremely low compared with that of cholesterol, but their partitioning and rates of influx across the membrane are similar. This is primarily attributable to a much higher membrane/monomer partition coefficient of beta-sitosterol than cholesterol and to a direct interaction between micelle and membrane.

Download Full-text

Na and K activity coefficients in bile and bile salts determined by glass electrodes

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.5.1111 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 206 (5) ◽

pp. 1111-1117 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Edward W. Moore ◽

John M. Dietschy

Keyword(s):

Bile Salt ◽

Activity Coefficients ◽

Freezing Point ◽

Osmotic Coefficients ◽

Ionic Species ◽

Salt Solutions ◽

Glass Electrodes ◽

Sodium And Potassium

Mathematical formulations for transmembrane potential differences are expressed in terms of ionic activities rather than ionic concentrations, and require knowledge of the activity coefficients of a given ionic species in mixed solutions. Cation-selective glass electrodes have been used to determine sodium and potassium activity coefficients in pure bile salt solutions and in native bile, relative to standard NaCl or KCl solutions. Comparison was made with osmotic coefficients determined by freezing-point depression. Both sodium and potassium activity coefficients in bile salt solutions and in bile were lower than those for NaCl or KCl solutions at corresponding concentrations, with potassium coefficients being lower than those for sodium. These derived activity coefficients have been used experimentally in in vivo and in vitro gall bladder preparations with close agreement between observed potentials and those predicted by the Hodgkin-Katz equation.

Download Full-text