In vitro studies of gallstone dissolution using bile salt solutions and heparinized saline

1977 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 572-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Hardie ◽  
M. K. Green ◽  
W. Burnett ◽  
D. R. Walland ◽  
A. Hall-Brown
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Gallstone Dissolution ◽  
Heparinized Saline

IN-VITRO STUDIES OF GALLSTONE DISSOLUTION: THE EFFECT OF ADDED HEPARIN IN BILE SALT SOLUTIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Furnival ◽  
W. Burnett ◽  
M. K. Green ◽  
N. C. Selvage ◽  
G. Cavaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Gallstone Dissolution

Na and K activity coefficients in bile and bile salts determined by glass electrodes

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (5) ◽  
pp. 1111-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Moore ◽  
John M. Dietschy
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Osmotic Coefficients ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Glass Electrodes ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Mathematical formulations for transmembrane potential differences are expressed in terms of ionic activities rather than ionic concentrations, and require knowledge of the activity coefficients of a given ionic species in mixed solutions. Cation-selective glass electrodes have been used to determine sodium and potassium activity coefficients in pure bile salt solutions and in native bile, relative to standard NaCl or KCl solutions. Comparison was made with osmotic coefficients determined by freezing-point depression. Both sodium and potassium activity coefficients in bile salt solutions and in bile were lower than those for NaCl or KCl solutions at corresponding concentrations, with potassium coefficients being lower than those for sodium. These derived activity coefficients have been used experimentally in in vivo and in vitro gall bladder preparations with close agreement between observed potentials and those predicted by the Hodgkin-Katz equation.

scholarly journals In vitro studies of bile salt toxicity

Hepatology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1538-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Donald Ostrow
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Salt Toxicity

Diabetes and intestinal cholesterol uptake from bile salt solutions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. R. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Cholesterol Uptake ◽  
In Vitro Technique ◽  
And Control

A previously validated in vitro technique was used to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on the intestinal uptake of cholesterol from various micellar bile salt solutions. The bile salts studied included cholic (C), taurocholic (TC), glycocolic (GC), chenodeoxycholic (CDC), taurochenodeoxycholic (TCDC), glycochenodeoxycholic (GCDC), deoxycholic (DC), taurodeoxycholic (TDC), and glycodeoxycholic (GDC). In control rats there was a reciprocal decline in cholesterol uptake with increasing concentrations of these nine bile acids, and cholesterol uptake was greater from the conjugated primary bile acids than from the unconjugated ones. With a 5 mM concentration of bile acids, the ratios of the uptake of 0.2 mM cholesterol in control rats were C=CDC=DC, TCDC>TC>TDC, and GC=GCDC>GDC; with 20 mM concentrations, the ratios of cholesterol uptake in control rats were C>CDC>DC, TC>TCDC>TDC, and GC=GCDC>GDC. In the diabetic animals cholesterol uptake was higher than in control rats when using 5 or 20 mM of each of the conjugated bile acids and with cholic acid. In contrast, cholesterol uptake was similar in diabetic and control animals when cholesterol was solubilized with 5 or 20 mM CDC or DC. These differences in cholesterol uptake using the various bile acids and the failure of CDC and DC to facilitate the enhanced uptake of cholesterol in diabetic animals remains unexplained. Thus the modification of the concentration and type of the bile acids available for micelle formation in the intestinal lumen may influence the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and may determine whether cholesterol uptake is increased in diabetes mellitus.

In vitro - studies with antler bone cells: Structure forming capacity, osteocalcin production and influence of sex steroids

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Rolf ◽  
K. G. Wiese ◽  
H. Siggelkow ◽  
H. Schliephake ◽  
G. A. Bubernik
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Osteocalcin Production
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