Effect of design on the performance of a dry powder inhaler using computational fluid dynamics. Part 2: Air inlet size

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1382-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Coates ◽  
Hak-Kim Chan ◽  
David F. Fletcher ◽  
Judy A. Raper
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dry Powder Inhaler ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Air Inlet

A STUDY ON THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT AIRFLOW OF A LIGHT AIRCRAFT USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-653
Author(s):  
Hsu-jeng Liu ◽  
Chih-chun Su ◽  
Sheng-liang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Engine Compartment ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Airflow Velocity ◽  
Air Inlet

This study applies FLUENT to simulate and analyze the flow characteristics in the engine compartment of a light aircraft. The air inlet, air duct, guide vane, and air outlet are designed to improve the flow conditions according to the drawbacks of the prototype model. The results show that the air duct and guide vane lead the airflow to the certain position of cylinders, and the air outlet reduces the pressure in the engine compartment. Moreover, combining these designs significantly increases the overall airflow velocity in the engine compartment.

Assistance for Predicting Deposition of Tranilast Dry Powder in Pulmonary Airways by Computational Fluid Dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Kadota ◽  
Takuro Nishimura ◽  
Yugo Nakatsuka ◽  
Kenji Kubo ◽  
Yuichi Tozuka
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Pulmonary Airways

scholarly journals On the Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modelling to Design Improved Dry Powder Inhalers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F Fletcher ◽  
Vishal Chaugule ◽  
Larissa Gomes dos Reis ◽  
Paul M Young ◽  
Daniela Traini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dry Powder Inhalers ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

scholarly journals Ideal Particle Sizes for Inhaled Steroids Targeting Vocal Granulomas: Preliminary Study Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Perkins ◽  
Saikat Basu ◽  
Guilherme J. M. Garcia ◽  
Robert A. Buckmire ◽  
Rupali N. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Dry Powder Inhaler ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Preliminary Study

Objectives Vocal fold granulomas are benign lesions of the larynx commonly caused by gastroesophageal reflux, intubation, and phonotrauma. Current medical therapy includes inhaled corticosteroids to target inflammation that leads to granuloma formation. Particle sizes of commonly prescribed inhalers range over 1 to 4 µm. The study objective was to use computational fluid dynamics to investigate deposition patterns over a range of particle sizes of inhaled corticosteroids targeting the larynx and vocal fold granulomas. Study Design Retrospective, case-specific computational study. Setting Tertiary academic center. Subjects/Methods A 3-dimensional anatomically realistic computational model of a normal adult airway from mouth to trachea was constructed from 3 computed tomography scans. Virtual granulomas of varying sizes and positions along the vocal fold were incorporated into the base model. Assuming steady-state, inspiratory, turbulent airflow at 30 L/min, computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate respiratory transport and deposition of inhaled corticosteroid particles ranging over 1 to 20 µm. Results Laryngeal deposition in the base model peaked for particle sizes 8 to 10 µm (2.8%-3.5%). Ideal sizes ranged over 6 to 10, 7 to 13, and 7 to 14 µm for small, medium, and large granuloma sizes, respectively. Glottic deposition was maximal at 10.8% for 9-µm-sized particles for the large posterior granuloma, 3 times the normal model (3.5%). Conclusion As the virtual granuloma size increased and the location became more posterior, glottic deposition and ideal particle size generally increased. This preliminary study suggests that inhalers with larger particle sizes, such as fluticasone propionate dry-powder inhaler, may improve laryngeal drug deposition. Most commercially available inhalers have smaller particles than suggested here.

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