Nasal Drug Administration: Potential for Targeted Central Nervous System Delivery

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace L. Graff ◽  
Gary M. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Nasal Drug Administration

Description of a Case of Acute Neurological Toxicity after DTIC-Adriamycin-Vincristine Therapy.

1975 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Rosso ◽  
Fulvio Brema ◽  
Gianfranco Porcile
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Neurological Toxicity

A case of acute neurological toxicity was observed in a patient with a retroperitoneal fibromyxosarcoma treated with DTIC (NSC-45382), Adriamycin and Vincristine. The neurological symptoms started one hour after drug administration and rapidly declined with symptomatic therapy; no EEG and scintigraphic changes were detectable. The case is discussed in relation to central nervous system complications reported by other authors, following administration of DTIC and Adriamycin.

A novel electrochemical analysis of the legal psychoactive drug caffeine using a zeolite/MWCNT modified carbon paste sensor

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (38) ◽  
pp. 15359-15367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereen M. Azab ◽  
M. Shehata ◽  
Amany M. Fekry
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Maximal Amount ◽  
Central Nervous System Stimulant ◽  
The Us

Caffeine (Caf) is a natural central nervous system stimulant categorized by the US Food and Drug Administration as a safe drug and its maximal amount in soft drinks has been approximately determined to be lower than 200 mg L−1.

Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-466
Author(s):  
Debra W. Kemp ◽  
Jamie N. Brown ◽  
Toyin S. Tofade
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Body System ◽  
Immunological Function ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
New Treatments

Many unique and clinically important medications were approved by the Food and Drug Administration from December 2007 through May 2008 for various conditions encountered in an internal medicine setting. These new treatments dramatically vary in their targeted body system and include agents for the cardiovascular system (nebivolol), central nervous system (desvenlafaxine), gastrointestinal tract (certolizumab, methylnaltrexone, and alvimopan), immunological function (etravirine), and metabolic function (sapropterin). This article discusses medications by their respective body system. Each review is comprised of an overview of the Food and Drug Administration–approved indication and the drug’s role in treatment of that disease state. Current dosing guidance, clinical efficacy and clinically relevant adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, contraindications, and precautions are also presented. This review is designed to focus on the new molecular entities and biological approvals clinicians may potentially encounter in an internal medicine practice.

Neurotropic enteroviruses co-opt “fair-weather-friend” commensal gut microbiota to drive host infection and central nervous system disturbances

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Infection Cycle ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Animal Hosts ◽  
Host Infection ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Abstract Some neurotropic enteroviruses hijack Trojan horse/raft commensal gut bacteria to render devastating biomimicking cryptic attacks on human/animal hosts. Such virus-microbe interactions manipulate hosts’ gut-brain axes with accompanying infection-cycle-optimizing central nervous system (CNS) disturbances, including severe neurodevelopmental, neuromotor, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Co-opted bacteria thus indirectly influence host health, development, behavior, and mind as possible “fair-weather-friend” symbionts, switching from commensal to context-dependent pathogen-like strategies benefiting gut-bacteria fitness.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

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