Three-source partitioning of CO2efflux from maize field soil by13C natural abundance

2009 ◽  
Vol 172 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Werth ◽  
Yakov Kuzyakov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Abundance ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Source Partitioning

scholarly journals Responses of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms Mediated Phosphorus Cycling to Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation in Summer Maize Field Soil

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuxia Bi ◽  
Baisha Weng ◽  
Denghua Yan ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Mengke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
P Cycling ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Soil microbial communities are essential to phosphorus (P) cycling, especially in the process of insoluble phosphorus solubilization for plant P uptake. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) are the dominant driving forces. The PSM mediated soil P cycling is easily affected by water condition changes due to extreme hydrological events. Previous studies basically focused on the effects of droughts, floods, or drying-rewetting on P cycling, while few focused on drought-flood abrupt alternation (DFAA), especially through microbial activities. This study explored the DFAA effects on P cycling mediated by PSM and P metabolism-related genes in summer maize field soil. Field control experiments were conducted to simulate two levels of DFAA (light drought-moderate flood, moderate drought-moderate flood) during two summer maize growing periods (seeding-jointing stage, tasseling-grain filling stage). Results showed that the relative abundance of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF) increased after DFAA compared to the control system (CS), and PSF has lower resistance but higher resilience to DFAA than PSB. Significant differences can be found on the genera Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, and Penicillium, and the P metabolism-related gene K21195 under DFAA. The DFAA also led to unstable and dispersed structure of the farmland ecosystem network related to P cycling, with persistent influences until the mature stage of summer maize. This study provides references for understanding the micro process on P cycling under DFAA in topsoil, which could further guide the DFAA regulations.

Seasonal pattern of ammonium 15N natural abundance in precipitation at a rural forested site and implications for NH3 source partitioning

2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaonan Huang ◽  
Emily M. Elliott ◽  
J. David Felix ◽  
Yuepeng Pan ◽  
Dongwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
15N Natural Abundance ◽  
Natural Abundance ◽  
Source Partitioning

Sphingosinicella flava sp. nov., indole acetic acid producing bacteria isolated from maize field soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta Chhetri ◽  
Minchung Kang ◽  
Jiyoun Kim ◽  
Inhyup Kim ◽  
Yoonseop So ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Maize Field

A novel isolated yellow-pigmented bacterial designated strain UDD2T was isolated from a maize field soil sample collected in Ilsan, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain UDD2T were Gram-stain-negative, non-sporulating, long rod-shaped and exhibited flagellar motility. Cells could grow at 15–42 °C and pH 5.5–11.0. Strain UDD2T was sensitive to NaCl and barely tolerated up to 1 % NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain UDD2T formed a separate clade with the members of genus Sphingosinicella within the family Sphingomonadaceae . Strain UDD2T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Sphingosinicella vermicomposti KCTC 224446T (98.5 %) and Sphingosinicella humi KCTC 62519T (96.7 %), followed by members of the genus Sphingomonas (96.4–94.5 %) and Sphingobium (96.1–94.9 %), but they were located in other phylogenetic clusters. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain UDD2T and S. vermicomposti KCTC 224446T and S. humi KCTC 62519T were 80.2/24.2 and 75.6/20.4 %, respectively. The total size of the genome was 2 421 697 bp and composed of one circular chromosome, with a G+C content of 63.7 mol%. Strain UDD2T produced indole acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of l-tryptophan. Bacterial IAA is a crucial phytohormone in plant growth and development. Gene clusters for indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase and tryptophan synthase were found in the genome of strain UDD2T. To the best of our knowledge, no member of the genus Sphingosinicella has been reported to produce IAA to date. The major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were found to be C16 : 0, C14 : 0 2OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16  : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15  :  0 2-OH). Strain UDD2T had ubiquinone Q-10 as the major respiratory quinone and homospermidine as the major polyamine. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, three unidentified phosphoglycolipids, one unidentified phospholipid, one unidentified aminoglycophospholipid, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified polar lipid. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain UDD2T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingosinicella , for which the name Sphingosinicella flava is proposed. The type strain is UDD2T (=KCTC 82357T=NBRC 114507T).

RELATIONSHIPS OF POPULATIONS OF TRICHODERMA SPP. IN SOIL TO DISEASE IN MAIZE

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. McFADDEN ◽  
J. C. SUTTON
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Glycine Max L

Several isolates of Trichoderma koningii Oud. aggr., T. harzianum Rifai aggr., and T. hamatum (Bon) Bain. aggr., recovered from maize (Zea mays L.) plants or maize field soil, produced first-internode lesions in maize seedlings. Lesions were produced in 70–100% of seedlings grown in soil containing 104 or 105 propagules of T. koningii per gram and in 0–10% of seedlings in soil with 103 propagules. The following selective medium was developed for quantitative recovery of Trichoderma spp. from soil: peptone–dextrose agar, rose bengal (17 mg/liter), streptomycin sulfate (30 mg/liter), and formalin (200 ppm). Numbers of propagules of Trichoderma spp. per gram of field soil cropped with maize under zero tillage or conventional tillage, or with soybeans (Glycine max L.) ranged from 5,300 to 15,600, 350 to 1,650, and 20 to 180, respectively, during the growing season. Populations of Trichoderma spp. in soil of maize microplots in which maize tissues were incorporated were greater than in those without added maize tissues. Emergence of maize seedlings grown in soil amended with maize tissues was 23–52% less than in soil without maize amendments, and many plants were stunted. The stunted plants shed pollen 7–10 days later, and produced 58% less grain than normal-sized plants.

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