Association of Anthropometric and Nutrition Status Indicators with Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Mendes ◽  
Cláudia Afonso ◽  
Pedro Moreira ◽  
Patrícia Padrão ◽  
Alejandro Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Hand Grip

CHANGES OF BODY COMPOSITION, MUSCULAR STRENGTH AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE DUE TO RESISTANCE TRAINING IN OLDER PERSONS WITH SARCOPENIC OBESITY

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
K. STOEVER ◽  
A. HEBER ◽  
S. EICHBERG ◽  
W. ZIJLSTRA ◽  
K. BRIXIUS
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Hand Grip

Background: At present, it is unclear whether older, obese persons with or without sarcopenia respond differently to training. Furthermore, there are no differentiated recommendations for resistance training for this special target group. Objectives: The objectives are to investigate the changes in the physical parameters of older, obese men caused by training and to reappraise the modalities of resistance training for older persons. Design: Pre-test-post-test design. Participants: The participants were 33 physically inactive and obese older men (≥ 65 years, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), with-out severe diseases. Subjects were divided into two groups: NSAR (no or presarcopenia, n= 15) or SAR (sarcopenia, n= 18). Intervention: The intervention consisted of progressive resistance training, twice a week for 16 weeks with finally 80-85% of maximum strength and three sets with 8-12 repetitions. The training contained six exercises for the major muscle groups. Measurements: Sarcopenia was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), hand-grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and gait speed over a 6-meter walkway. Furthermore, the maximum dynamic strength (1 RM) was assessed. Results: At baseline, the NSAR group had significantly better values in SMI, SPPB score, hand-grip strength, and 1 RM. After training, the results in both groups displayed an increase in 1 RM at the lower limbs (NSAR 18%, SAR 38%) and the upper limbs (NSAR 12%, SAR 14%). Also, the SPPB score (NSAR 11%, SAR 15%) and the 6-m-gait speed (NSAR 5%, SAR 10%) increased. The SAR group was able to increase their right hand-grip strength by 12%, whereas the NSAR group maintained their initial high strength values. SMI did not change in both groups. Conclusions: Both groups show improvements after resistance training with slightly more benefits for men with sarcopenia. Results of this study can be used to define specific training regimens for N(SAR) subjects.

The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Functional Polymorphism and Hand Grip Strength Impact the Association between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels and Cognition in Older Adults in the United States

2022 ◽  
pp. 109980042110651
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Hongjin Li ◽  
Yvette P. Conley ◽  
Brian A. Primack ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Introduction Aging is associated with subtle cognitive decline in attention, memory, executive function, processing speed, and reasoning. Although lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been linked to cognitive decline among older adults, it is not known if the association differs among individuals with various BDNF Val66Met (rs6265) genotypes. In addition, it is not clear whether these associations vary by hand grip strength or physical activity (PA). Methods A total of 2904 older adults were included in this study using data from the Health and Retirement Study. Associations between serum BDNF and measures of cognitive function were evaluated using multivariable linear regression models stratified by Met allele status. PA and hand grip strength were added to the model to evaluate whether including these variables altered associations between serum BDNF and cognition. Results Mean age was 71.4 years old, and mean body mass index was 28.3 kg/m2. Serum BDNF levels were positively associated with higher total cognitive score (beta = 0.34, p = .07), mental status (beta = 0.16, p = .07), and word recall (beta = 0.22, p =.04) among Met carriers, while serum BDNF levels were negatively associated with mental status (beta = −0.09, p = .07) among non-Met carriers. Furthermore, associations changed when hand grip strength was added to the model but not when PA was added to the model. Conclusions The BDNF Val66Met variant may moderate the association between serum BDNF levels and cognitive function in older adults. Furthermore, such associations differ according to hand grip strength but not PA.

scholarly journals Hand Grip Strength and Gender: Allometric Normalization in Older Adults and Implications for the NIOSH Lifting Equation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trish Gail Sevene ◽  
Joseph Berning ◽  
Chad Harris ◽  
Mike Climstein ◽  
Kent Jason Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Niosh Lifting Equation

scholarly journals The Influence of Upper and Lower Extremity Strength on Performance-Based Sarcopenia Assessment Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris-Love ◽  
Kimberly Benson ◽  
Erin Leasure ◽  
Bernadette Adams ◽  
Valerie McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength

The optimal management of sarcopenia requires appropriate endpoint measures to determine intervention efficacy. While hand grip strength is a predictor of morbidity and mortality, lower extremity strength may be better associated with functional activities in comparison to hand grip strength. The purpose of our study was to examine the comparative association of upper and lower extremity strength with common measures of physical performance in older adults. Thirty community-dwelling men, aged 62.5 ± 9.2 years, completed body composition analysis, quantitative strength testing, and performance-based tests of functional status. Hand grip force values were not significantly associated with knee extensor or flexor torque values (p > 0.05). Hand grip force was only associated with fast gait speed, while knee extensor torque at 60°/s was the only variable significantly associated across all functional outcome measures: customary gait speed, fast gait speed, sit to stand time, and the Physical Performance Test (p < 0.02). Hand grip strength was not a proxy measure of lower extremity strength as assessed in this study. Overall, lower extremity muscle strength values had the strongest associations with participant functional performance. Lower extremity strength testing may provide additional value as an endpoint measure in the assessment and clinical management of sarcopenia.

The use of hand grip strength as a predictor of nutrition status in hospital patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Flood ◽  
Alexis Chung ◽  
Hayley Parker ◽  
Victoria Kearns ◽  
Therese A. O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Hospital Patients

scholarly journals Hand-grip strength among older adults in Singapore: a comparison with international norms and associative factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lin Ong ◽  
Edimansyah Abdin ◽  
Boon Yiang Chua ◽  
Yunjue Zhang ◽  
Esmond Seow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Hand Grip

scholarly journals The Prediction of ADL and IADL Disability Using Six Physical Indicators of Frailty: A Longitudinal Study in the Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbert J. J. Gobbens ◽  
Marcel A. L. M. van Assen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Iadl Disability

Frailty is a predictor of disability. A proper understanding of the contribution of individual indicators of frailty in the prediction of disability is a requisite for preventive interventions. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive power of the individual physical frailty indicators: gait speed, physical activity, hand grip strength, Body Mass Index (BMI), fatigue, and balance, for ADL and IADL disability. The sample consisted of 505 community-dwelling persons (≥75 years, response rate 35.1%). Respondents first participated between November 2007 and June 2008, and a subset of all respondents participated again one year later (N=264, 52.3% response rate). ADL and IADL disability were assessed by the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale. BMI was assessed by self-report, and the other physical frailty indicators were assessed with the TUG test (gait speed), the LAPAQ (physical activity), a hand grip strength test, the SFQ (fatigue), and the Four-test balance scale. All six physical frailty indicators were associated with ADL and IADL disability. After controlling for previous disability, sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived lifestyle, and chronic diseases, only gait speed was predictive of both ADL and IADL disability, whereas there was a small effect of fatigue on IADL disability. Hence, these physical frailty indicators should be included in frailty assessment when predicting future disability.

scholarly journals Combined Chair-Based Exercises Improve Functional Fitness, Mental Well-Being, Salivary Steroid Balance, and Anti-microbial Activity in Pre-frail Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado ◽  
Rubens Vinícius Letieri ◽  
Adriana Silva-Caldo ◽  
Joice C. S. Trombeta ◽  
Clara Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Mental Well Being

IntroductionRegular exercise has long been shown to positively impact the immune system responsiveness and improve mental well-being (MWB). However, the putative links between biomarkers of mental health and immune efficiency in exercising subjects have been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of a 14-week combined chair-based exercise program (CEP) on salivary steroid hormones and anti-microbial proteins, functional fitness, and MWB indexes in pre-frail older women.MethodsThe participant women (82.8 4.6 years old; n = 32) were randomly divided into the exercising group (CEP, n = 17) and the non-exercising control group (CG, n = 15). The pre/post assessment included: (1) salivary anti-microbial proteins lysozyme; (Lys) and immunoglobulin-A (IgA); (2) salivary steroid hormones of testosterone (TT) and cortisol (COR); (3) functional fitness (gait speed, hand grip strength, and static balance); (4) MWB questionnaires (happiness, depression state, satisfaction with life, and stress).ResultsSignificant differences with large Cohen’s (d) effect sizes were found on increased salivary TT (p &lt; 0.05; d = 0.60) after exercise intervention. The results revealed a decrease in IgA levels after CEP (p &lt; 0.01, d = 0.30). The increase in subjective happiness levels (p &lt; 0.05, d = 0.30) and decrease of stress perception (p &lt; 0.01, d = 2.60) and depressive state (p &lt; 0.05, d = 0.30) were found after intervention in the CEP group. Robust statistical differences in gait speed (p &lt; 0.05; d = 0.60) and balance tests (p &lt; 0.05; d = 0.80) were also found in the CEP group. In control, COR increased moderately (p &lt; 0.05; d = 0.65) while no changes were found for the other indicators. Correlation analyses showed inter-dependence between pre–post variations of MWB, biochemical indexes, and fitness function (e.g., COR inverse correlation with hand grip strength and balance tests).ConclusionThe CEP program was able to improve functional-fitness performance, decrease feelings of stress, and increase happiness. The CEP also induced clinically relevant hormonal and immune responses, which suggests that chair exercises that combine muscular strength, balance, and gait speed training are promising interventions to improve physical and mental health of older pre-frail adults.

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