The northern and southern modes of East Asian winter monsoon and their relationships with El Niño-Southern Oscillation

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 4509-4517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Chen ◽  
Chongyin Li ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Mingyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon

scholarly journals On the Varying Responses of East Asian Winter Monsoon to Three Types of El Niño: Observations and Model Hindcasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 4089-4101
Author(s):  
Ji-Won Kim ◽  
Ting-Huai Chang ◽  
Ching-Teng Lee ◽  
Jin-Yi Yu
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
El Nino ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
Ep El Niño ◽  
Model Deficiency

AbstractUsing observational data and model hindcasts produced by a coupled climate model, we examine the response of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) to three types of El Niño: eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific I (CP-I) and II (CP-II) El Niños. The observational analysis shows that all three El Niño types weaken the EAWM with varying degrees of impact. The EP El Niño has the largest weakening effect, while the CP-II El Niño has the second largest, and the CP-I El Niño has the smallest. We find that diverse El Niño types impact the EAWM by altering the responses of two anomalous anticyclones during El Niño mature winter: the western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) and Kuroshio anticyclone (KAC). The WNPAC responses are controlled by the Gill response and Indian Ocean warming processes that both respond to the eastern-to-central tropical Pacific precipitation anomalies. The KAC responses are controlled by a poleward wave propagation responding to the northwestern tropical Pacific precipitation anomalies. We find that the model hindcasts significantly underestimate the weakening effect during the EP and CP-II El Niños. These underestimations are related to a model deficiency in which it produces a too-weak WNPAC response during the EP El Niño and completely misses the KAC response during both types of El Niño. The too-weak WNPAC response is caused by the model deficiency of simulating too-weak eastern-to-central tropical Pacific precipitation anomalies. The lack of KAC response arises from the unrealistic response of the model’s extratropical atmosphere to the northwestern tropical Pacific precipitation anomalies.

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