Investigations into ventral prefrontal cortex using mediation models

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mediation Models

scholarly journals Fast recurrent processing via ventral prefrontal cortex is needed by the primate ventral stream for robust core visual object recognition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohitij Kar ◽  
James J DiCarlo
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Object Recognition ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Ventral Stream ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Recurrent Processing ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

SummaryDistributed neural population spiking patterns in macaque inferior temporal (IT) cortex that support core visual object recognition require additional time to develop for specific (“late-solved”) images suggesting the necessity of recurrent processing in these computations. Which brain circuit motifs are most responsible for computing and transmitting these putative recurrent signals to IT? To test whether the ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) is a critical recurrent circuit node in this system, here we pharmacologically inactivated parts of the vPFC and simultaneously measured IT population activity, while monkeys performed object discrimination tasks. Our results show that vPFC inactivation deteriorated the quality of the late-phase (>150 ms from image onset) IT population code, along with commensurate, specific behavioral deficits for “late-solved” images. Finally, silencing vPFC caused the monkeys’ IT activity patterns and behavior to become more like those produced by feedforward artificial neural network models of the ventral stream. Together with prior work, these results argue that fast recurrent processing through the vPFC is critical to the production of behaviorally-sufficient object representations in IT.

Dorsal Prefrontal Cortex

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-235
Author(s):  
Richard E. Passingham
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Frontal Eye Field ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Order Information ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
Orbital Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Premotor Areas

The dorsal prefrontal (PF) cortex generates and plans the goals or targets for foveal search and manual foraging. The goals are conditional on the relative recency of prior events and actions, and the connections of areas 9/46 and 46 explain how these areas can support the ability to generate the next goal. Area 9/46 can generate sequences of eye movements because it has visuospatial inputs from the cortex in the intraparietal sulcus and outputs to the frontal eye field and superior colliculus. Area 46 can generate sequences of hand and arm movements because it has inputs from the inferior parietal areas PFG and SII and outputs to the forelimb regions of the premotor areas and thence to the motor cortex. Both areas get timing and order information indirectly from the parietal cortex and hippocampus, and colour and shape information from the ventral prefrontal cortex. Inputs from the orbital prefrontal cortex enable both areas to integrate generate goals in accordance with current needs.

Autoradiography with [3H]8-OH-DPAT reveals increases in 5-HT1A receptors in ventral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 919-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D.C. Simpson ◽  
Daniel I. Lubman ◽  
Paul Slater ◽  
J.F. William Deakin
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

Multisynaptic inputs from the ventral prefrontal cortex (PFv) to the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in macaques

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. e373
Author(s):  
Daisuke Takahara ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirata ◽  
Ken-ichi Inoue ◽  
Sigehiro Miyachi ◽  
Atsushi Nambu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal dynamics of brain activity during the transition from visually guided to memory-guided force control

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1335-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Poon ◽  
Lisa G. Chin-Cottongim ◽  
Stephen A. Coombes ◽  
Daniel M. Corcos ◽  
David E. Vaillancourt
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Feedback Gain ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Ventral Premotor Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

It is well established that the prefrontal cortex is involved during memory-guided tasks whereas visually guided tasks are controlled in part by a frontal-parietal network. However, the nature of the transition from visually guided to memory-guided force control is not as well established. As such, this study examines the spatiotemporal pattern of brain activity that occurs during the transition from visually guided to memory-guided force control. We measured 128-channel scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in healthy individuals while they performed a grip force task. After visual feedback was removed, the first significant change in event-related activity occurred in the left central region by 300 ms, followed by changes in prefrontal cortex by 400 ms. Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) was used to localize the strongest activity to the left ventral premotor cortex and ventral prefrontal cortex. A second experiment altered visual feedback gain but did not require memory. In contrast to memory-guided force control, altering visual feedback gain did not lead to early changes in the left central and midline prefrontal regions. Decreasing the spatial amplitude of visual feedback did lead to changes in the midline central region by 300 ms, followed by changes in occipital activity by 400 ms. The findings show that subjects rely on sensorimotor memory processes involving left ventral premotor cortex and ventral prefrontal cortex after the immediate transition from visually guided to memory-guided force control.

Single cell activity in ventral prefrontal cortex of behaving monkeys

1981 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl E. Rosenkilde ◽  
Richard H. Bauer ◽  
Joaquin M. Fuster
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Single Cell Activity ◽  
Behaving Monkeys ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

scholarly journals Stimulus Selectivity in Dorsal and Ventral Prefrontal Cortex after Training in Working Memory Tasks

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 6266-6276 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Meyer ◽  
X.-L. Qi ◽  
T. R. Stanford ◽  
C. Constantinidis
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

126. Irritability and Amygdala-Ventral Prefrontal Cortex Connectivity in Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S53
Author(s):  
Cynthia Kiefer ◽  
Maria Kryza-Lacombe ◽  
Katrina Cole ◽  
Catherine Lord ◽  
Christopher Monk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex
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