scholarly journals Co‐infection of influenza A virus and SARS‐CoV‐2: A retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Cheng ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Zhanwei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A

scholarly journals Community-acquired bacteraemia in COVID-19 in comparison to influenza A and influenza B: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julinha M. Thelen ◽  
A. G. ( Noud) Buenen ◽  
Marjan van Apeldoorn ◽  
Heiman F. Wertheim ◽  
Mirjam H. A. Hermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Netherlands it was noticed that very few blood cultures from COVID-19 patients turned positive with clinically relevant bacteria. This was particularly evident in comparison to the number of positive blood cultures during previous seasonal epidemics of influenza. This observation raised questions about the occurrence and causative microorganisms of bacteraemia in COVID-19 patients, especially in the perspective of the widely reported overuse of antibiotics and the rising rate of antibiotic resistance. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study on blood culture results in influenza A, influenza B and COVID-19 patients presenting to two hospitals in the Netherlands. Our main outcome consisted of the percentage of positive blood cultures. The percentage of clinically relevant blood cultures, isolated bacteria and 30-day all-cause mortality served as our secondary outcomes. Results A total of 1331 viral episodes were analysed in 1324 patients. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.47) in overall occurrence of blood culture positivity in COVID-19 patients (9.0, 95% CI 6.8–11.1) in comparison to influenza A (11.4, 95% CI 7.9–14.8) and influenza B patients (10.4, 95% CI 7.1–13.7,). After correcting for the high rate of contamination, the occurrence of clinically relevant bacteraemia in COVID-19 patients amounted to 1.0% (95% CI 0.3–1.8), which was statistically significantly lower (p = 0.04) compared to influenza A patients (4.0, 95% CI 1.9–6.1) and influenza B patients (3.0, 95% CI 1.2–4.9). The most frequently identified bacterial isolates in COVID-19 patients were Escherichia coli (n = 2) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 2). The overall 30-day all-cause mortality for COVID-19 patients was 28.3% (95% CI 24.9–31.7), which was statistically significantly higher (p = <.001) when compared to patients with influenza A (7.1, 95% CI 4.3–9.9) and patients with influenza B (6.4, 95% CI 3.8–9.1). Conclusions We report a very low occurrence of community-acquired bacteraemia amongst COVID-19 patients in comparison to influenza patients. These results reinforce current clinical guidelines on antibiotic management in COVID-19, which only advise utilization of antibiotics when a bacterial co-infection is suspected.

Invasive aspergillosis in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe influenza: a retrospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 782-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander F A D Schauwvlieghe ◽  
Bart J A Rijnders ◽  
Nele Philips ◽  
Rosanne Verwijs ◽  
Lore Vanderbeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Severe Influenza

scholarly journals Correction: Impact of Pregnancy on Intra-Host Genetic Diversity of Influenza A Viruses in Hospitalised Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 1974

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Gregory Destras ◽  
Maxime Pichon ◽  
Bruno Simon ◽  
Martine Valette ◽  
Vanessa Escuret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Host Genetic

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

The effect of timing of oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis in controlling influenza A H3N2 outbreaks in long-term care facilities in Manitoba, Canada, 2014-2015: a retrospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davinder Singh ◽  
Depeng Jiang ◽  
Paul Van Caeseele ◽  
Carla Loeppky
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities

ObjectiveThis study examined the effect of the timing of administration of oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis for the control of influenza A H3N2 outbreaks among residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Manitoba, Canada, during the 2014–2015 influenza season.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of all LTCF influenza A H3N2 outbreaks (n=94) using a hierarchical logistic regression analysis. The main independent variable was how many days passed between the start of the outbreak and commencement of oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis. The dependent variable was whether each person in the institution developed influenza-like illness (yes or no).ResultsDelay of oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis was associated with increased odds of infection in both univariate (t=5·41; df=51; P<·0001) and multivariable analyses (t=6·04; df=49; P<·0001) with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1·2–1·5) per day for influenza A H3N2.ConclusionsThe sooner chemoprophylaxis is initiated, the lower the odds of secondary infection with influenza in LTCFs during outbreaks caused by influenza A H3N2 in Manitoba. For every day that passed from the start of the outbreak to the initiation of oseltamivir, the odds of a resident at risk of infection in the facility developing symptomatic infection increased by 33%.

scholarly journals Benefit of early treatment with oseltamivir in hospitalized patients with documented 2009 influenza A (H1N1): retrospective cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vered Hiba ◽  
Michal Chowers ◽  
Inbal Levi-Vinograd ◽  
Bina Rubinovitch ◽  
Leonard Leibovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Tu1788 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN YOUNGER AND OLDER ONSET MICROSCOPIC COLITIS: A MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1161
Author(s):  
Amrit K. Kamboj ◽  
Amandeep Gujral ◽  
Elida Voth ◽  
Daniel Penrice ◽  
Jessica McGoldrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Microscopic Colitis
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