Editorial for “Measurement of the Brain Volume/liver Volume Ratio by Three‐Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Appropriate‐for‐Gestational Age Fetuses and Those With Fetal Growth Restriction”

Author(s):  
Sara Reis Teixeira
2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Dalaqua ◽  
Felipe Barjud Pereira do Nascimento ◽  
Larissa Kaori Miura ◽  
Fabiano Reis ◽  
Márcio Ricardo Taveira Garcia ◽  
...  

Abstract The cranial nerves, which represent extensions of the functional structures of the brain, traverse the head and neck. They are connected to various cranial structures and are associated with several diseases. An in-depth understanding of their complex anatomy and normal imaging appearance allows the examiner to identify and characterize abnormalities with greater precision. One important tool for evaluating the cranial nerves is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, especially three-dimensional steady-state free precession sequences, which provide high soft-tissue and spatial resolution, despite the slenderness of the nerves. In most cases, imaging findings are nonspecific. Therefore, to narrow the differential diagnosis, it is necessary to take a full patient anamnesis, perform a focused physical examination and order laboratory tests. In this pictorial essay we review, illustrate and discuss, from a pathophysiological perspective, congenital, traumatic, and vascular diseases of the cranial nerves.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Lin ◽  
Shushu Zhang ◽  
Beilei Hu ◽  
Songfang Chen ◽  
Ming Zou ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: The study aimed to evaluate the enhanced three-dimensional brain volume magnetic resonance imaging (3D-BRAVO) in the diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS). Methods: we described 21 patients with THS and their case records including clinical syndromes and neuroradiologic features by conventional MRI and enhanced 3D-BRAVO. Results: 19 patients showed enhancement in the cavernous sinus through 3D-BRAVO. 16/19had ipsilateral enhanced lesions involved 4-10 continuous slices in cavernous sinus on 3D-BRAVOscan. Both local size enlargements and enhancement in the cavernous sinus were found in 3 patients. The rest 2 patients performed negative results on neither conventional MRI nor enhanced 3D-BRAVO. Conclusions: enhanced 3D-BRAVO imaging demonstrated a high detection rate in the cavernous sinus, which may promote our understanding ofTolosa-Hunt syndrome.


1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Eugene Phillips ◽  
S. Phuphanich ◽  
Robert P. Velthuizen ◽  
Martin L. Silbiger

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