In Vivo Proton Exchange Rate ( k ex ) MRI for the Characterization of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions in Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiqi Ye ◽  
Mehran Shaghaghi ◽  
Qianlan Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Sarah E. Lutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Proton Exchange

scholarly journals In vivo characterization of cortical and white matter neuroaxonal pathology in early multiple sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
pp. 2912-2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Granberg ◽  
Qiuyun Fan ◽  
Constantina Andrada Treaba ◽  
Russell Ouellette ◽  
Elena Herranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

scholarly journals Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cortical Multiple Sclerosis Pathology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine L. Tardif ◽  
Barry J. Bedell ◽  
Simon F. Eskildsen ◽  
D. Louis Collins ◽  
G. Bruce Pike
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Mr ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

Although significant improvements have been made regarding the visualization and characterization of cortical multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cortical lesions (CL) continue to be under-detectedin vivo, and we have a limited understanding of the causes of GM pathology. The objective of this study was to characterize the MRI signature of CLs to help interpret the changes seenin vivoand elucidate the factors limiting their visualization. A quantitative 3D high-resolution (350 μm isotropic) MRI study at 3 Tesla of a fixedpost mortemcerebral hemisphere from a patient with MS is presented in combination with matched immunohistochemistry. Type III subpial lesions are characterized by an increase in T1, T2 and M0, and a decrease in MTR in comparison to the normal appearing cortex (NAC). All quantitative MR parameters were associated with cortical GM myelin content, while T1 showed the strongest correlation. The histogram analysis showed extensive overlap between CL and NAC for all MR parameters and myelin content. This is due to the poor contrast in myelin content between CL and NAC in comparison to the variability in myelo-architecture throughout the healthy cortex. This latter comparison is highlighted by the representation of T1 times on cortical surfaces at several laminar depths.

scholarly journals In Vivo Characterization of Retinal Microvascular Network in Multiple Sclerosis

Ophthalmology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Silvia Delgado ◽  
Che Liu ◽  
Kottil W. Rammohan ◽  
Delia Cabrera DeBuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Microvascular Network ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

Characterization of Regulatory T-Cells in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon Beta-1a

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ebrahimimonfared ◽  
Ali Ganji ◽  
Sara Zahedi ◽  
Parisa Nourbakhsh ◽  
Keyvan Ghasami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Control Study

Background: Regulatory T-Cells (Treg Cells), as one of the immune system components, have been highly effective in the autoimmune diseases prevention, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS). Cytokine-based therapies such as interferon beta-1a (IFN-β1a) is a common drug in MS treatment; however, its exact mechanisms are insufficiently described. Objective: Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the in vivo impact of IFN-β1a on the Treg Cells in MS. Methods: In this case-control study, Treg Cells were analysed by flowcytometry in IFN-β1a-treated relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in comparison with new cases of MS and healthy subjects. Results: The frequency of Treg Cells in the IFN-β1a treated-RRMS was increased compared to the new MS cases (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the MFIs of the CD4 and CD25 in T-Cells were significantly reduced in new cases of MS and IFN-β1a-treated RRMS than the control subjects (P < 0.05). Additionally, the FoxP3 MFIs in CD4 + CD25 + T-Cells of IFN-β1a-treated RRMS were significantly lower than the new cases of MS. Conclusion: Overall, the present study indicated that IFN-β1a as an immunomodulatory drug led to an enhancement in Treg Cells population without CD4, CD25, and FoxP3 molecules upregulation in Treg Cells.

scholarly journals In vivo quantification of proton exchange rate in healthy human brains with omega plot

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1686-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Shaghaghi ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Alessandro Scotti ◽  
Haiqi Ye ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Brains

Functional characterization of human brown adipose tissue metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Anne Richard ◽  
Hannah Pallubinsky ◽  
Denis P. Blondin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Function

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has long been described according to its histological features as a multilocular, lipid-containing tissue, light brown in color, that is also responsive to the cold and found especially in hibernating mammals and human infants. Its presence in both hibernators and human infants, combined with its function as a heat-generating organ, raised many questions about its role in humans. Early characterizations of the tissue in humans focused on its progressive atrophy with age and its apparent importance for cold-exposed workers. However, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with the glucose tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) made it possible to begin characterizing the possible function of BAT in adult humans, and whether it could play a role in the prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the in vivo functional characterization of human BAT, the methodological approaches applied to examine these features and addresses critical gaps that remain in moving the field forward. Specifically, we describe the anatomical and biomolecular features of human BAT, the modalities and applications of non-invasive tools such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging coupled with spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) to study BAT morphology and function in vivo, and finally describe the functional characteristics of human BAT that have only been possible through the development and application of such tools.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document