Quantification of cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers and type 1 diabetic patients: Comparison of MRI arterial spin labeling and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET)

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1300-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa W. van Golen ◽  
Joost P.A. Kuijer ◽  
Marc C. Huisman ◽  
Richard G. IJzerman ◽  
Frederik Barkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients

scholarly journals Comparison of cerebral blood flow measurement with [15O]-water positron emission tomography and arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey P Fan ◽  
Hesamoddin Jahanian ◽  
Samantha J Holdsworth ◽  
Greg Zaharchuk
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Positron Emission

Noninvasive imaging of cerebral blood flow provides critical information to understand normal brain physiology as well as to identify and manage patients with neurological disorders. To date, the reference standard for cerebral blood flow measurements is considered to be positron emission tomography using injection of the [15O]-water radiotracer. Although [15O]-water has been used to study brain perfusion under normal and pathological conditions, it is not widely used in clinical settings due to the need for an on-site cyclotron, the invasive nature of arterial blood sampling, and experimental complexity. As an alternative, arterial spin labeling is a promising magnetic resonance imaging technique that magnetically labels arterial blood as it flows into the brain to map cerebral blood flow. As arterial spin labeling becomes more widely adopted in research and clinical settings, efforts have sought to standardize the method and validate its cerebral blood flow values against positron emission tomography-based cerebral blood flow measurements. The purpose of this work is to critically review studies that performed both [15O]-water positron emission tomography and arterial spin labeling to measure brain perfusion, with the aim of better understanding the accuracy and reproducibility of arterial spin labeling relative to the positron emission tomography reference standard.

scholarly journals Spatial coefficient of variation in pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling cerebral blood flow images as a hemodynamic measure for cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease: A comparative 15O positron emission tomography study

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanobu Ibaraki ◽  
Kazuhiro Nakamura ◽  
Hideto Toyoshima ◽  
Kazuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Keisuke Matsubara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling

Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) is a completely non-invasive method of cerebral perfusion measurement. However, cerebral blood flow (CBF) quantification is hampered by arterial transit artifacts characterized by bright vascular signals surrounded by decreased signals in tissue regions, which commonly appear in patients with reduced cerebral perfusion pressure. The spatial coefficient of variation (CoV) of pCASL CBF images has been proposed as an alternative region-of-interest (ROI)-based hemodynamic measure to predict prolonged arterial transit time (ATT). This retrospective study investigates the utility of spatial CoV by comparison with 15O positron emission tomography (PET). For patients with cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease ( n = 17), spatial CoV was positively correlated with ATT independently measured by pulsed arterial spin labeling ( r = 0.597, p < 0.001), confirming its role as an ATT-like hemodynamic measure. Comparisons with 15O PET demonstrated that spatial CoV was positively correlated with vascular mean transit time ( r = 0.587, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with both resting CBF ( r = −0.541, p = 0.001) and CBF response to hypercapnia ( r = −0.373, p = 0.030). ROI-based spatial CoV calculated from single time-point pCASL can potentially detect subtle perfusion abnormalities in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Comparison of Cerebral Blood Flow Acquired by Simultaneous [15O]Water Positron Emission Tomography and Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1373-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Hans Herzog ◽  
Jörg Mauler ◽  
Christian Filss ◽  
Thomas W Okell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Until recently, no direct comparison between [15O]water positron emission tomography (PET) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) for measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) was possible. With the introduction of integrated, hybrid magnetic resonance (MR)-PET scanners, such a comparison becomes feasible. This study presents results of CBF measurements recorded simultaneously with [15O]water and ASL. A 3T MR-BrainPET scanner was used for the simultaneous acquisition of pseudo-continuous ASL (pCASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and [15O]water PET. Quantitative CBF values were compared in 10 young healthy male volunteers at baseline conditions. A statistically significant ( P<0.05) correlation was observed between the two modalities; the whole-brain CBF values determined with PET and pCASL were 43.3 ±6.1 mL and 51.9 ± 7.1 mL per 100 g per minute, respectively. The gray/white matter (GM/WM) ratio of CBF was 3.0 for PET and 3.4 for pCASL. A paired t-test revealed differences in regional CBF between ASL and PET with higher ASL-CBF than PET-CBF values in cortical areas. Using an integrated, hybrid MR-PET a direct simultaneous comparison between ASL and [15O]water PET became possible for the first time so that temporal, physiologic, and functional variations were avoided. Regional and individual differences were found despite the overall similarity between ASL and PET, requiring further detailed investigations.

scholarly journals Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Hybrid Scanner Imaging of Cerebral Blood Flow Using 15O-Water Positron Emission Tomography and Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Newborn Piglets

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1703-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie B Andersen ◽  
William S Henning ◽  
Ulrich Lindberg ◽  
Claes N Ladefoged ◽  
Liselotte Højgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Positron Emission

Abnormality in cerebral blood flow (CBF) distribution can lead to hypoxic–ischemic cerebral damage in newborn infants. The aim of the study was to investigate minimally invasive approaches to measure CBF by comparing simultaneous 15O-water positron emission tomography (PET) and single TI pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MR) on a hybrid PET/MR in seven newborn piglets. Positron emission tomography was performed with IV injections of 20 MBq and 100 MBq 15O-water to confirm CBF reliability at low activity. Cerebral blood flow was quantified using a one-tissue-compartment-model using two input functions: an arterial input function (AIF) or an image-derived input function (IDIF). The mean global CBF (95% CI) PET-AIF, PET-IDIF, and ASL at baseline were 27 (23; 32), 34 (31; 37), and 27 (22; 32) mL/100 g per minute, respectively. At acetazolamide stimulus, PET-AIF, PET-IDIF, and ASL were 64 (55; 74), 76 (70; 83) and 79 (67; 92) mL/100 g per minute, respectively. At baseline, differences between PET-AIF, PET-IDIF, and ASL were 22% ( P < 0.0001) and −0.7% ( P = 0.9). At acetazolamide, differences between PET-AIF, PET-IDIF, and ASL were 19% ( P = 0.001) and 24% ( P = 0.0003). In conclusion, PET-IDIF overestimated CBF. Injected activity of 20 MBq 15O-water had acceptable concordance with 100 MBq, without compromising image quality. Single TI ASL was questionable for regional CBF measurements. Global ASL CBF and PET CBF were congruent during baseline but not during hyperperfusion.

scholarly journals Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism Measured With Positron Emission Tomography Are Decreased in Human Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 2898-2904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa W. van Golen ◽  
Marc C. Huisman ◽  
Richard G. Ijzerman ◽  
Nikie J. Hoetjes ◽  
Lothar A. Schwarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Human Type 1 Diabetes

scholarly journals Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion MRI at Multiple Delay Times: A Correlative Study with H215O Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Symptomatic Carotid Artery Occlusion

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinoud PH Bokkers ◽  
Jochem P Bremmer ◽  
Bart NM van Berckel ◽  
Adriaan A Lammertsma ◽  
Jeroen Hendrikse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Arterial Spin Labeling ◽  
Spin Labeling ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with image acquisition at multiple inversion times is a noninvasive ASL technique able to compensate for spatial heterogeneities in transit times caused by collateral blood flow in patients with severe stenosis of the cerebropetal blood vessels. Our aim was to compare ASL-MRI and H215O positron emission tomography (PET), the gold standard for cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment, in patients with a symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Fourteen patients (63±14 years) with a symptomatic ICA occlusion underwent both ASL-MRI and H215O PET. The ASL-MRI was performed using a pulsed STAR labeling technique at multiple inversion times within 7 days of the PET. The CBF was measured in the gray-matter of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral artery, and white-matter. Both PET and ASL-MRI showed a significantly decreased CBF in the gray-matter of the middle cerebral artery in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the ICA occlusion. The average gray-matter CBF measured with ASL-MRI (71.8±4.3 mL/min/100 g) was higher ( P<0.01) than measured with H215O PET (43.1±1.0 mL/min/100 g). In conclusion, ASL-MRI at multiple TIs is capable of depicting areas of regions with low CBF in patients with an occlusion of the ICA, although a systematic overestimation of CBF relative to H215O PET was noted.

scholarly journals Effects of Acetazolamide on Cerebral Blood Flow, Blood Volume, and Oxygen Metabolism: A Positron Emission Tomography Study with Healthy Volunteers

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1472-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiko Okazawa ◽  
Hiroshi Yamauchi ◽  
Kanji Sugimoto ◽  
Hiroshi Toyoda ◽  
Yoshihiko Kishibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume

To evaluate changes in cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism induced by acetazolamide in healthy subjects, positron emission tomography studies for measurement of cerebral perfusion and oxygen consumption were performed. Sixteen healthy volunteers underwent positron emission tomography studies with15O-gas and water before and after intravenous administration of acetazolamide. Dynamic positron emission tomography data were acquired after bolus injection of H215O and bolus inhalation of15O2. Cerebral blood flow, metabolic rate of oxygen, and arterial-to-capillary blood volume images were calculated using the three-weighted integral method. The images of cerebral blood volume were calculated using the bolus inhalation technique of C15O. The scans for cerebral blood flow and volume and metabolic rate of oxygen after acetazolamide challenge were performed at 10, 20, and 30 minutes after drug injection. The parametric images obtained under the two conditions at baseline and after acetazolamide administration were compared. The global and regional values for cerebral blood flow and volume and arterial-to-capillary blood volume increased significantly after acetazolamide administration compared with the baseline condition, whereas no difference in metabolic rate of oxygen was observed. Acetazolamide-induced increases in both blood flow and volume in the normal brain occurred as a vasodilatory reaction of functioning vessels. The increase in arterial-to-capillary blood volume made the major contribution to the cerebral blood volume increase, indicating that the raise in cerebral blood flow during the acetazolamide challenge is closely related to arterial-to-capillary vasomotor responsiveness.

Neural Mechanism of Propofol Anesthesia in Severe Depression

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Ogawa ◽  
Takeshi Uema ◽  
Nobutaka Motohashi ◽  
Masami Nishikawa ◽  
Harumasa Takano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Positron Emission

Background The precise neural mechanisms of propofol anesthesia in humans are still unknown. The authors examined the acute effects of propofol on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using positron emission tomography in patients with severe depression. Methods In six severely depressed patients (mean age, 55.0 yr) scheduled for electroconvulsive therapy, anesthetic levels were monitored by electroencephalography, and rCBF was serially quantified in the awake, sedated, and anesthetized states. The authors used high-resolution positron emission tomography with 15O-labeled water and statistical parametric mapping 99 for imaging and analysis of the data. Results Global cerebral blood flow showed sharp decreases from the awake level during the administration of propofol, decreasing 26.8% in the sedated state and 54.4% in the anesthetized state. Moreover, a dose effect was seen in both parietal cortices and the left lateral prefrontal region with larger regions of relative decrease in rCBF at higher propofol doses. At the higher dose, the values of rCBF in the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, the pontine tegmentum, and the cerebellar cortex were also affected. Meanwhile, there were few changes of relative rCBF in the basal frontal lobes during both sedated and anesthetized states. Conclusions As in earlier studies using normal subjects, pronounced suppression in rCBF in the brain stem reticular formation, the thalamus, and the parietal association cortex occurred even in severely depressed patients. However, previously reported decreases in rCBF in the basal frontal lobe were absent in depressed patients.

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