Morphological analysis of rat ureteric terminal arterioles in situ

2013 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Mumtaz
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis

Calcium pools, calcium entry, and cell growth

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Gill ◽  
Richard T. Waldron ◽  
Krystyna E. Rys-Sikora ◽  
Carmen A. Ufret-Vincenty ◽  
Matthew N. Graber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Growth State

The Ca2+ pump and Ca2+ release functions of intracellular Ca2+ pools have been well characterized. However, the nature and identity of Ca2+ pools as well as the physiological implications of Ca2+ levels within them, have remained elusive. Ca2+ pools appear to be contained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); however, ER is a heterogeneous and widely distributed organelle, with numerous other functions than Ca2+ regulation. Studies described here center on trying to determine more about subcellular distribution of Ca2+ pools, the levels of Ca2+ within Ca2+ pools, and how these intraluminal Ca2+ levels may be physiologically related to ER function. Experiments utilizing in situ high resolution subcellular morphological analysis of ER loaded with ratiometric fluroescent Ca2+ dyes, indicate a wide distribution of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-sensitive Ca2+ pools within cells, and large changes in the levels of Ca2+ within pools following InsP3-mediated Ca2+ release. Such changes in Ca2+ may be of great significance to the translation, translocation, and folding of proteins in ER, in particular with respect to the function of the now numerously described luminal Ca2+-sensitive chaperonin proteins. Studies have also focussed on the physiological role of pool Ca2+ changes with respect to cell growth. Emptying of pools using Ca2+ pump blockers can result in cells entering a stable quiescent G0-like growth state. After treatment with the irreversible pump blocker, thapsigargin, cells remain in this state until they are stimulated with essential fatty acids whereupon new pump protein is synthesized, functional Ca2+ pools return, and cells reenter the cell cycle. During the Ca2+ pool-depleted growth-arrested state, cells express a Ca2+ influx channel that is distinct from the store-operated Ca2+ influx channels activated after short-term depletion of Ca2+ pools. Overall, these studies indicate that significant changes in intraluminal ER Ca2+ do occur and that such changes appear linked to alteration of essential ER functions as well as to the cell cycle-state and the growth of cells.

scholarly journals Histological, Histochemical, and Protein Changes after Induced Malocclusion by Occlusion Alteration of Wistar Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina de Souza Guerra ◽  
Yamba Carla Lara Pereira ◽  
João Paulo Mardegan Issa ◽  
Kelly Galisteu Luiz ◽  
Elaine A. Del Bel Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Masseter Muscles ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Muscle Remodeling

Although disorders of the stomatognathic system are common, the mechanisms involved are unknown. Our objective was to study the changes in the masseter muscles after unilateral exodontia. Molar extraction was performed on Wistar rats (left side), and the animals were sacrificed after either 14 or 26 days. The masseter muscle was processed for histological analysis, conventional andin situzymography, and immunohistochemistry. The morphological analysis showed unique and specific characteristics for the experimental group. By conventional zymography no significant values of 72 kDa MMP-2 (P< 0.05) were found in both of the sides of masseter muscle after 14 and 26 days of unilateral extraction. Thein situzymography showed gelatinolytic activity on all deep masseter muscles, with significant increase on the contralateral side after 14 and 26 days (P< 0.05). The immunohistochemistry demonstrated greater expression of MMP-2 than MMP-9 and MMP-14 in all masseter muscles and there were few differences in the staining of 4 TIMPs. This knowledge about morphology and molecular masticatory muscle remodeling following environmental interventions can be used to develop clinically successful treatments.

scholarly journals Modified and Unmodified Zinc Oxide as Coagent in Elastomer Compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kołodziejczak-Radzimska ◽  
Teofi Jesionowski ◽  
Magdalena Maciejewska ◽  
Marian Zaborski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Proposed Modification

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the activity of unmodified and modified ZnO in the peroxide crosslinking of hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene elastomer (HNBR) and ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPM). In the first step, zinc oxide was obtained by emulsion precipitation. Maleic acid was introduced onto the surface of ZnO using an in situ method. The unmodified and modified zinc oxide was characterized using dispersive and morphological analysis, BET surface area analysis, and elemental, spectroscopic and thermal analysis. In the second stage of the research, the ZnO/MA systems were incorporated into the structure of elastomer compounds improving the kinetic and mechanical properties of vulcanizates. The proposed modification method had a favorable effect on the physicochemical properties of the zinc oxide and on the kinetic and mechanical properties of the vulcanizates. This study demonstrated that modification of zinc oxide by maleic acid is a promising technique.

Microstructure and Coarsening in Mazed Bicrystal Films of Au Grown on Ge Substrates

2000 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Radetic ◽  
Ulrich Dahmen
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Grain Orientations ◽  
Quantitative Morphological Analysis

AbstractThin films of gold (Au) were grown on single crystal germanium (Ge) or silicon (Si) substrates using physical vapor deposition (PVD). The resulting microstructure was that of a mazed bicrystal in which two equivalent grain orientations, related to each other by a 90° rotation, are arranged in a morphology of irregularly shaped, convoluted grains. Quantitative morphological analysis showed a strong dependence of grain shape on size, with larger grains being more convoluted and smaller grains more compact. The evolution of grain size, anisotropy and shape during heating in the temperature range from 300-340 °C was studied by in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

scholarly journals Toll signaling enhances mosquito antiplasmodial immunity by promoting differentiation of hemocytes to the Megacyte lineage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Barillas Mury ◽  
Ana Beatriz Ferreira Barletta ◽  
Banhisikha Saha ◽  
Nathanie Trisnadi ◽  
Gianmarco Raddi
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Plasmodium Infection ◽  
System A ◽  
Toll Signaling ◽  
Local Release

Activation of Toll signaling in Anopheles gambiae, by silencing Cactus, eliminates Plasmodium ookinetes by enhancing local release of hemocytes-derived microvesicles that promote activation of the mosquito complement-like system. A new effector hemocyte subpopulation of large granulocytes, the megacytes, was recently identified. We report that Cactus silencing dramatically increases the proportion of megacytes, from 5 to 79% of circulating granulocytes. Transcriptomic and morphological analysis, as well as in situ hybridization and expression of cell-specific markers, indicate that Cactus silencing triggers granulocyte differentiation into megacytes. Megacytes are very plastic cells that can extend long filopodia and tend to form clusters in vivo. Moreover, megacytes are massively recruited to the basal midgut surface in response to bacterial feeding and Plasmodium infection. We propose that Toll signaling promotes differentiation of granulocytes to the megacyte lineage, a major cellular effector of antibacterial and antiplasmodial immunity.

Comparative mineralogical and particle morphological analysis on the sandy soils of forested and grassy areas in the Tiszántúl region

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitti Balog ◽  
János Kalmár ◽  
László Kuti ◽  
András Szabó ◽  
Nándor Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Sandy Soils

Kutatásaink során tételesen megvizsgáltuk három tiszántúli mintaterület (Mikepércs, Hajdúsámson és Nyírbogát) erdős- és kontrollfúrásának felső egy méterén húsz cm-enként vett minták 0,1–0,2 mm-es homokfrakcióinak szemcséit, összesen 22.508 db szemcsét. Megállapítottuk a homokszemcsék ásványi összetételét, alakját és a felületükön látható bélyegeket. A vizsgálat célja az erdő- és kontrollterületi fúrásminták különbségeinek kimutatása, és a talajban végbemenő folyamatokkal történő összefüggésbe hozása.Mivel a területek földtani szempontból homogénnek tekinthetők, statisztikai módszerekkel vizsgáltuk, hogy a minták mennyiben hasonlóak fúrás és mintaterület szinten, és melyek azok a paraméterek, amelyek alapján az erdős és a kontrollminták elkülöníthetők.Az ásványi összetétel esetében összehasonlítottuk a kvarc/földpát részarányt (q/fp), a vas-hidroxidok és a gipsz mennyiségét. A szemcsemorfológia alapján a szögletes (éles, koptatásmentes) szemcsék részaránya, a szemcsefelület morfológiája esetében pedig a kioldás (korrózió), a gipszbevonatok és a szemcséket bevonó barna, limonitos/humuszos hártya gyakorisága hordoz információt a talajosodás során történő változásokról.Az erdővel huzamosan fedett területen az intenzívebb mállás miatt a q/fp arány nagyobb, mint a füves kontrollterületeken. A vas-hidroxid akkumuláció lényegesen nagyobb a folyamatosan tölgyerdővel borított területen, míg az akác- és a fiatal nyárerdő esetében csak a gyepterületek gyenge felszín közeli vasakkumulációja volt észlelhető. A tölgyes és a nyaras fás növényzet gyökérzónája alatt a szulfátok kismértékű feldúsulása észlelhető.A szemcsemorfológiailag éles-hegyes szemcsék az „in situ” felaprózódást jelzik, amelyek végig jelen vannak mind a hat fúrásmintában. A mikepércsi kontroll esetében pásztázó elektronmikroszkópos (SEM) vizsgálattal is valószínűsíthető a fagyhatás. A nyírbogáti 2. fúrás anyagában viszont feltételezhető, hogy a nyárerdővel való fedettség esetében a biológiai felaprózódás került előtérbe. A kontrollterületek fúrásaiban jól láthatók az eredeti (folyóvízi szállításra utaló) felületet felülíró korróziós kimarások, üregek, amelyek a hajdúsámsoni akácos 60 cm alatti mintájában is jelen vannak.Vizsgálatunk eredményeit összegezve megállapíthatjuk, hogy a homokos vázanyag részletekre kiterjedő vizsgálata felhívja a figyelmet a talajban végbemenő változásokra, ezen belül az erdős és a füves területek közötti különbségekre. Így az ilyen jellegű vizsgálatok jól kiegészítik a területekre vonatkozó cönológiai, talajtani és vízföldtani kutatásokat.Jelen munkát az OTKA NN79835 számú pályázata („Sekély talajvizű területen telepített ültetvények által a talajban és altalajban okozott sófelhalmozódás statisztikai és hidrológiai modellezése”) támogatta. Köszönet a NYÍRERDŐ Zrt-nek, hogy hozzájárult az általuk kezelt mikepércsi erdőterületen kitűzött fúrások kivitelezéséhez, valamint a jelen munkában szereplő további mintaterületek tulajdonosainak, akik engedélyezték a vizsgálatok elvégzését.

Polyketone Nanocomposites by Palladium-Catalyzed Ethylene-Carbon Monoxide-(Propene) Co(Ter)polymerization Inside an Unmodified Layered Silicate

e-Polymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish A. Miller ◽  
Simonetta Moneti ◽  
Francesco Vizza ◽  
Elisa Passaglia ◽  
Claudio Bianchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Methanol Solutions ◽  
Polar Media ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Nanocomposite Structures

AbstractComposites from Na-montmorillonite with a content in inorganic material ranging from 3 to 98 wt % were prepared in situ either by copolymerization of ethylene and CO or by terpolymerization of ethylene, propene and CO using a palladium(II) catalyst modified with 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane. This catalytic system is active in polar media and allowed to produce nanocomposites starting from unmodified Na-montmorillonite in water-methanol solutions. The morphological analysis, performed on samples with less than 40 wt % silicate by XRD and TEM, showed the formation of either intercalated or exfoliated (nanocomposite) structures, depending on the initial amount of the layered silicate in the reactor as well as the presence of propene as comonomer. Improved thermal stability of the hybrid materials, as compared to the corresponding organic polymers, was shown by TGA. A preliminary study of the blending of some polyketone nanocomposites with polyamide (nylon-6) was carried out by melt mixing at high temperature in a Brabender mixer.

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