scholarly journals Optical disector counting in cryosections and vibratome sections underestimates particle numbers: Effects of tissue quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyson S. Ward ◽  
Glenn D. Rosen ◽  
Christopher S. von Bartheld
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Optical Disector

scholarly journals Quantitative MRI T2 Mapping Is Able to Assess Tissue Quality After Reparative and Regenerative Treatments of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Rizzo ◽  
Alessandro Cristoforetti ◽  
Alessandro Marinetti ◽  
Marta Rigoni ◽  
Leonardo Puddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Tissue Quality

scholarly journals β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation Prevents Bone Loss during Pregnancy—Novel Evidence from a Spiny Mouse (Acomys cahirinus) Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3047
Author(s):  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Janine Donaldson ◽  
Jakub Kosiński ◽  
Piotr Dobrowolski ◽  
Agnieszka Tomczyk-Warunek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acomys Cahirinus ◽  
Trabecular Number

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation during pregnancy on postpartum bone tissue quality by assessing changes in trabecular and compact bone as well as in hyaline and epiphyseal cartilage. The experiment was carried out on adult 6-month-old female spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) divided into three groups: pregnant control (PregCont), pregnant HMB-treated (supplemented with 0.02 g/kg b.w of HMB during the second trimester of pregnancy, PregHMB), and non-pregnant females (NonPreg). Cross-sectional area and cortical index of the femoral mid-shaft, stiffness, and Young modulus were significantly greater in the PregHMB group. Whole-bone mineral density was similar in all groups, and HMB supplementation increased trabecular number. Growth plate cartilage was the thinnest, while the articular cartilage was the thickest in the PregHMB group. HMB supplementation increased the content of proteoglycans in the articular cartilage and the percentage of immature collagen content in metaphyseal trabeculae and compact bone. In summary, dietary HMB supplementation during the second trimester of pregnancy intensifies bone metabolic processes and prevents bone loss during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Evolution of a Novel Tissue Preservation Protocol to Optimize Osteochondral Transplantation Outcomes

Cartilage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cinats ◽  
Sue Miller ◽  
Ziad Abusara ◽  
S. Mark Heard ◽  
Carol Hutchison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Osteochondral Allograft ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Tissue Preservation ◽  
Tissue Storage ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sf 36

Objective Osteochondral allograft transplantation is a procedure to treat focal osteochondral lesions (OCLs), but is limited by tissue availability, the quality of transplanted tissue, and inconsistent storage protocols. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes of a novel tissue procurement, storage, and quality control protocol in treating OCLs. Design Prospective case series. Donor cadaveric tissue was processed, stored, and the tissue quality analyzed using the unique tissue preservation protocol developed at our institution. Advanced cross-sectional imaging was used to size match donor tissue with recipient patients. Osteochondral allografts were transplanted using the Arthrex Allograft OATS. Patients were evaluated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), visual analog scale (VAS), and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) preoperatively and at 1 year and 2 years postoperatively. Results Twenty patients (17 knees, 3 shoulders) were included in the study. There was a significant improvement in the following scores: overall WOMAC score, WOMAC function and pain subcategories; KOOS pain, knee-related symptoms, activities of daily living, sports and recreation, and quality of life; SF-36 physical functioning, physical role, pain, and social functioning subcategories; and VAS at all time points postoperatively. There was a significant improvement in WOMAC stiffness at 2 years postoperatively. There were 2 failures, defined by graft subsidence and persistent pain requiring reoperation. Conclusion The protocol developed at our institution for OAT resulted in significant clinical improvement in patients with OCLs and is an improvement on existing tissue storage techniques.

scholarly journals Evaluación preliminar de técnicas de crioconservación en una accesión de Solanum phureja

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Alba Lucía Villa ◽  
Alejandra María Sánchez ◽  
Raúl Iván Valbuena ◽  
Roosevelt Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Para Determinar

<p>En el Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá de Corpoica se llevan a cabo ensayos para determinar los mejores métodos de crioconservación de los materiales que integran la Colección Central Colombiana de Papa; ésta se encuentra constituida por 1.098 accesiones de las cuales 151 corresponden a <em>Solanum phureja </em>(98 conservadas <em>in vitro </em>y 53 en campo), especie que se considera estratégica por poseer genes de resistencia a <em>Phytophtora infestans </em>y por ser un importante recurso alimenticio para la población colombiana. A tal fin se evaluaron las técnicas de encapsulación-deshidratación y encapsulación-vitrificación, reportadas en la actualidad para <em>Solanum </em>spp., implementando algunos ajustes y dedicando especial atención a las etapas previas a la congelación en cuanto la selección del material vegetal y los medios de propagación, la calidad del tejido, la encapsulación de los ápices, la concentración y el tiempo de exposición a sacarosa, la deshidratación en sílica gel y el efecto de la solución cargadora y de las soluciones PVS2 y PVS4. Fue posible establecer que la calidad de explante y el medio de recuperación determinaron el éxito del proceso de crioconservación. El medio de preacondicionamiento MS, suplementado con 0,18 μM BAP y 0,28 μM durante 3 a 5 días, permitió mejorar la calidad del tejido después del corte. Además, la suplementación del alginato con 0,004 mg·L-1 BAP y 0,04 mg·L-1 AG3, incidió positivamente en la respuesta de los ápices en las etapas previas al congelamiento. Se destaca que <em>S. phureja </em>es muy susceptible a condiciones de estrés físico y químico, razón por la cual la tasa de recuperación después del congelamiento fue de 10%. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Preliminary evaluation of cryoconservation techniques in an accession of <em>Solanum phureja </em></strong></p><p>The Tibaitatá Research Center of Corpoica is the repository of the main Colombian potato germplasm collection with 1098 accessions, 151 belonging to <em>Solanum phureja </em>(98 preserved <em>in vitro </em>and 53 in the field), a key species because it posses resistant genes against <em>Phytophtora infestans </em>and because it is an important food resource for the Colombian population. There crioconservation methods are evaluated to determine the best conservation practices. For this purpose, encapsulation-dehydration and encapsulationvitrification techniques were evaluated as reported for the <em>Solanum </em>species, adjusting methodologies and paying especial attention to tissue selection and quality, propagation media, apex encapsulation, concentration and time exposure to sucrose, dehydration in silica gel, and the effect of charger and PVS2 and PVS4 solutions, previous to freezing. Results indicated that explant quality and recuperation media determined the success in the crioconservation process. A preconditioning M&amp;S medium supplemented with 0.18 μM of BAP and 0.28 μM of GA3 during 3 to 5 days allowed for tissue quality improvement after excision. Furthermore, alginate supplemented with 0.004 mg·L-1 of BAP and 0.04 mg·L-1 of GA3 positively enhanced the response of shoot tips during steps previous to freezing. Of importance in this study, <em>Solanum phureja </em>is highly susceptible to physical and chemical stress, and the reason why after freezing the recovery rate was only 10%. </p>

scholarly journals CNV Neurons Are Rare in Aged Human Neocortex

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Chronister ◽  
Margaret B. Wierman ◽  
Ian E. Burbulis ◽  
Matthew J. Wolpert ◽  
Mark F. Haakenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Cell Library ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Human Neurons ◽  
The Individual

AbstractMegabase-scale somatic copy number variants (CNVs) alter allelic diversity in a subset of human neocortical neurons. Reported frequencies of CNV neurons range from ∼5% of neurons in some individuals to greater than 30% in other individuals. Genome-wide and familial studies implicitly assume a constant brain genome when assessing the genetic risk architecture of neurological disease, thus it is critical to determine whether divergent reports of CNV neuron frequency reflect normal individual variation or technical differences between approaches. We generated a new dataset of over 800 human neurons from 5 neurotypical individuals and developed a computational approach that measures single cell library quality based on Bayesian Information Criterion and identifies integer-like variant segments from population-level statistics. A brain CNV atlas was assembled using our new dataset and published data from 10 additional neurotypical individuals. This atlas reveals that the frequency of neocortical CNV neurons varies widely among individuals, but that this variability is not readily accounted for by tissue quality or CNV detection approach. Rather, the age of the individual is anti-correlated with CNV neuron frequency. Fewer CNV neurons are observed in aged individuals than young individuals.

scholarly journals ACL Size, but Not Signal Intensity, Is Influenced by Sex, Body Size, and Knee Anatomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596712110638
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Barnett ◽  
Martha M. Murray ◽  
Sean W. Flannery ◽  
Danilo Menghini ◽  
Braden C. Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Tibial Slope ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Notch Width ◽  
Intercondylar Notch Width

Background: Little is known about sex-based differences in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissue quality in vivo or the association of ACL size (ie, volume) and tissue quality (ie, normalized signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) with knee anatomy. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that (1) women have smaller ACLs and greater ACL normalized signal intensity compared with men, and (2) ACL size and normalized signal intensity are associated with age, activity levels, body mass index (BMI), bicondylar width, intercondylar notch width, and posterior slope of the lateral tibial plateau. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Knee MRI scans of 108 unique ACL-intact knees (19.7 ± 5.5 years, 62 women) were used to quantify the ACL signal intensity (normalized to cortical bone), ligament volume, mean cross-sectional area, and length. Independent t tests were used to compare the MRI-based ACL parameters between sexes. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between normalized signal intensity and size with age, activity levels, BMI, bicondylar width, notch width, and posterior slope of the lateral tibial plateau. Results: Compared with men, women had significantly smaller mean ACL volume (men vs women: 2028 ± 472 vs 1591 ± 405 mm3), cross-sectional area (49.4 ± 9.6 vs 41.5 ± 8.6 mm2), and length (40.8 ± 2.8 vs 38.1 ± 3.1 mm) ( P < .001 for all), even after adjusting for BMI and bicondylar width. There was no difference in MRI signal intensity between men and women (1.15 ± 0.24 vs 1.12 ± 0.24, respectively; P = .555). BMI, bicondylar width, and intercondylar notch width were independently associated with a larger ACL ( R 2 > 0.16, P < .001). Younger age and steeper lateral tibial slope were independently associated with shorter ACL length ( R 2 > 0.03, P < .04). The combination of BMI and bicondylar width was predictive of ACL volume and mean cross-sectional area ( R 2 < 0.3). The combination of BMI, bicondylar width, and lateral tibial slope was predictive of ACL length ( R 2 = 0.39). Neither quantified patient characteristics nor anatomic variables were associated with signal intensity. Conclusion: Men had larger ACLs compared with women even after adjusting for BMI and knee size (bicondylar width). No sex difference was observed in signal intensity, suggesting no difference in tissue quality. The association of the intercondylar notch width and lateral tibial slope with ACL size suggests that the influence of these anatomic features on ACL injury risk may be partially explained by their effect on ACL size. Registration: NCT02292004 and NCT02664545 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

Neuronal Cell Loss in the CA3 Subfield of the Hippocampus Following Cortical Contusion Utilizing the Optical Disector Method for Cell Counting

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY A. BALDWIN ◽  
TONYA GIBSON ◽  
C. TODD CALLIHAN ◽  
PATRICK G. SULLIVAN ◽  
ERICK PALMER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Optical Disector ◽  
Neuronal Cell Loss ◽  
Cortical Contusion
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