scholarly journals COCAINE VERSUS FOOD CHOICE PROCEDURE IN RATS: ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATIONS AND EFFECTS OF AMPHETAMINE

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Thomsen ◽  
Andrew C. Barrett ◽  
S. Stevens Negus ◽  
S. Barak Caine
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Choice Procedure

scholarly journals Sex differences in opioid reinforcement under a fentanyl vs. food choice procedure in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2022-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andrew Townsend ◽  
S. Stevens Negus ◽  
S. Barak Caine ◽  
Morgane Thomsen ◽  
Matthew L. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Choice Procedure

Haloperidol and nucleus accumbens dopamine depletion suppress lever pressing for food but increase free food consumption in a novel food choice procedure

1991 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Salamone ◽  
R. E. Steinpreis ◽  
L. D. McCullough ◽  
P. Smith ◽  
D. Grebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Free Food ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Lever Pressing

scholarly journals Opioid withdrawal produces sex-specific effects on fentanyl-vs.-food choice and mesolimbic transcription

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andrew Townsend ◽  
R. Kijoon Kim ◽  
Hannah L. Robinson ◽  
Samuel A. Marsh ◽  
Matthew L. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Administration Regimen ◽  
Extended Access ◽  
Withdrawal Signs

AbstractBackgroundOpioid withdrawal is a key driver of opioid addiction and an obstacle to recovery. However, withdrawal effects on opioid reinforcement and mesolimbic neuroadaptation are understudied and the role of sex is largely unknown.MethodsMale (n=10) and female (n=9) rats responded under a fentanyl-vs.-food “choice” procedure during daily 2h sessions. In addition to the daily choice sessions, rats were provided extended access to fentanyl during 12h sessions. After two weeks of this self-administration regimen, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of a subset of rats were subjected to RNA sequencing. In the remaining rats, a third week of this self-administration regimen was conducted, during which methadone effects on fentanyl-vs.-food choice were determined.ResultsPrior to opioid dependence, male and female rats similarly allocated responding between fentanyl and food. Abstinence from extended fentanyl access elicited a similar increase in somatic withdrawal signs in both sexes. Despite similar withdrawal signs and extended access fentanyl intake, opioid withdrawal was accompanied by a maladaptive increase in fentanyl choice in males, but not females. Behavioral sex differences corresponded with transcriptional hyperfunction in the NAc and VTA of opioid-withdrawn females relative to males. Methadone blocked withdrawal-associated increases in fentanyl choice in males, but failed to further decrease fentanyl choice in females.ConclusionsThese results provide foundational evidence of sex-specific neuroadaptations to opioid withdrawal, which may be relevant to the female-specific resilience to withdrawal-associated increases in opioid choice and aid in the identification of novel therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Extinguishing cocaine-associated discriminative stimuli attenuates cocaine vs food choice in male rhesus monkeys

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L Banks ◽  
Blake A. Hutsell ◽  
S Stevens Negus
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Concurrent Schedule ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Discriminative Stimuli ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Choice Procedures ◽  
Male Rhesus

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn drug addiction, relapse can be triggered by cues that function as discriminative stimuli to signal contingencies of drug availability and promote drug-taking behavior. Extinction procedures can weaken the association between drug-associated cues and drug use and may reduce the probability of relapse. This study evaluated effects of a regimen of extinction training on cocaine self-administration maintained in rhesus monkeys under a cocaine-vs.-food choice procedure that has been used previously to evaluate effectiveness of other candidate treatments for cocaine abuse.MethodsBehavior was initially maintained under a concurrent schedule of food delivery (1-g food pellets; fixed-ratio 100 schedule) and cocaine injections (0-0.1 mg/kg/injection; fixed-ratio 10 schedule) during daily 2-h choice sessions in male rhesus monkeys (n=4). Subsequently, choice sessions were supplemented by daily 20-h extinction sessions for 14 consecutive days. During extinction sessions, cocaine-associated discriminative stimuli were presented, but responding did not produce cocaine injections. Cocaine continued to be available during choice sessions.ResultsPrior to extinction, cocaine maintained a dose-dependent increase in cocaine vs. food choice. Responding during extinction sessions declined to low levels by the fifth day. Exposure to extinction sessions produced a more gradual but significant decline in cocaine choice and a complementary increase in food choice during choice sessions.ConclusionsThese preclinical results support the effectiveness of extinguishing cocaine-associated discriminative stimuli as a non-pharmacological treatment strategy for reducing cocaine choice. Moreover, these results also support the construct validity of preclinical drug vs. food choice procedures as a tool for candidate treatment evaluation for cocaine addiction.

Underlying Structure of Auditory-Visual Consonant Perception by Hearing-Impaired Children and the Influences of Syllabic Compression

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Busby ◽  
Y. C. Tong ◽  
G. M. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Acoustic Parameter ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Release Times ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

The identification of consonants in a/-C-/a/nonsense syllables, using a fourteen-alternative forced-choice procedure, was examined in 4 profoundly hearing-impaired children under five conditions: audition alone using hearing aids in free-field (A),vision alone (V), auditory-visual using hearing aids in free-field (AV1), auditory-visual with linear amplification (AV2), and auditory-visual with syllabic compression (AV3). In the AV2 and AV3 conditions, acoustic signals were binaurally presented by magnetic or acoustic coupling to the subjects' hearing aids. The syllabic compressor had a compression ratio of 10:1, and attack and release times were 1.2 ms and 60 ms. The confusion matrices were subjected to two analysis methods: hierarchical clustering and information transmission analysis using articulatory features. The same general conclusions were drawn on the basis of results obtained from either analysis method. The results indicated better performance in the V condition than in the A condition. In the three AV conditions, the subjects predominately combined the acoustic parameter of voicing with the visual signal. No consistent differences were recorded across the three AV conditions. Syllabic compression did not, therefore, appear to have a significant influence on AV perception for these children. A high degree of subject variability was recorded for the A and three AV conditions, but not for the V condition.

Food Choice and Delay of Gratification

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Van Exan ◽  
Jennifer S. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Delay Of Gratification
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