Characterization of sodium cellulose sulphate/poly-dimethyl-diallyl-ammonium chloride biological capsules for immobilized cultivation of microalgae

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhai Zeng ◽  
Michael K. Danquah ◽  
Ravichandra Potumarthi ◽  
Jia Cao ◽  
Xiao Dong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Cellulose Sulphate

Influence of Exchanged Surfactant on the Structure and Adsorption Properties of Brazilian Green Mud Clay

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1473-1478
Author(s):  
Mariaugusta Ferreira Mota ◽  
Fabricio Machado ◽  
Meiry Glaúcia Freire Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dimethyl Benzyl ◽  
Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium ◽  
Green Clay

This work presents an experimental study focusing on the preparation and characterization of modified natural green clay-mud with quaternary ammonium salts of chloride and alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (Dodigen) and dimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride (Praepagen). X ray Diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and expansion tests (adsorption capacity and Foster swelling) measurements were performed in order to evaluate the performance of the ion exchange reactions and the degree of affinity with oil products. It is observed an increasing in the XRD basal spacing of the modified clays (1.96 nm and 2.25 nm for Praepagen and Dodigen salts, respectively) in comparison to the observed value (1.56 nm) for the natural clay. The IR results showed that salts were successfully incorporated to natural clay structure. Based on the expansion tests the organoclays presented the best efficiency independent on the kind of solvent used in comparison with the natural clay performance.

Divalent surfactants. General characterization of the dodecyl-1,3-propylene-bis(ammonium chloride)/water system

1991 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1703-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haakan Hagslaett ◽  
Olle Soederman ◽  
Bengt Joensson ◽  
Lennart B. A. Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Water System ◽  
General Characterization ◽  
Chloride Water

Synthesis, growth and characterization of nonlinear optical urea–ammonium chloride crystals

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Chithambaram ◽  
S. Jerome Das ◽  
R. Arivudai Nambi ◽  
S. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Nonlinear Optical

Synthesis and Characterization of Glycidyl Allyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (GADAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 783-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Hong Zhang ◽  
Wei Chao Du ◽  
Fa Shu Liang
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Cationic Monomer ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Design Experiments

A brand new organic cationic monomer glycidyl allyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(GADAC) was synthesized with dimethylamine, allyl chlorine and epichlorohydrin to protect the oil and gas reservoirs from damage. The effect of temperature, pH, time and the mole ratio of reactants on cationic degree of GADAC was investigated by the orthogonal design experiments and then the effect of cation concentration on the cationic degree of GADAC was also studied. The optimal condition for synthesis was gained and the product was characterized by FIRS, and the results showed that the target-product had a very good performance of anti-expansion with a very high cationic degree of more than 97%.

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