Retinoic acid derived from the fetal ovary initiates meiosis in mouse germ cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyi Mu ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
Meng Guo ◽  
Jianwei Wang ◽  
Ge Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Fetal Ovary

scholarly journals Meiosis Initiates In The Fetal Ovary Of Mice Lacking All Retinoic Acid Receptor Isotypes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadège Vernet ◽  
Manuel Mark ◽  
Diana Condrea ◽  
Betty Féret ◽  
Muriel Klopfenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Molecular Signal ◽  
Fetal Ovary ◽  
Multiple Congenital Abnormalities

AbstractGametes are generated through a specialized cell differentiation process, meiosis which, in most mammals, is initiated in ovaries during fetal life. It is widely admitted that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the molecular signal triggering meiosis initiation in mouse female germ cells, but a genetic approach in which ATRA synthesis is impaired disputes this proposal. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of endogenous ATRA to meiosis by analyzing fetuses lacking all RARs ubiquitously, obtained through a tamoxifen-inducible cre recombinase-mediated gene targeting approach. Efficient ablation of RAR-coding genes was assessed by the multiple congenital abnormalities displayed by the mutant fetuses. Unexpectedly, their germ cells robustly expressed STRA8, REC8, SYCP1 and SYCP3, showing that RAR are actually dispensable up to the zygotene stage of meiotic prophase I. Thus our study goes against the current model according to which meiosis is triggered by endogenous ATRA in the developing ovary and revives the identification of the meiosis-preventing substance synthesized by CYP26B1 in the fetal testis.

scholarly journals Identification of regulatory elements required for Stra8 expression, in fetal ovarian germ cells of the mouse

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dev.194977
Author(s):  
Chun-Wei Feng ◽  
Guillaume Burnet ◽  
Cassy M. Spiller ◽  
Fiona Ka Man Cheung ◽  
Kallayanee Chawengsaksophak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Egfp Expression ◽  
Spatiotemporal Regulation ◽  
Targeted Mutation ◽  
Fetal Ovary

In mice, the entry of germ cells into meiosis critically depends on the expression of stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8). Stra8 is expressed specifically in pre-meiotic germ cells of females and males, at fetal and postnatal stages respectively, but the mechanistic details of its spatiotemporal regulation are yet to be defined. In particular, there has been considerable debate regarding whether retinoic acid is required, in vivo, to initiate Stra8 expression in the mouse fetal ovary. We show that the distinctive anterior-to-posterior pattern of Stra8 initiation, characteristic of germ cells in the fetal ovary, is faithfully recapitulated when 2.9 kb of the Stra8 promoter is used to drive eGFP expression. Using in vitro transfection assays of cut-down and mutant constructs we identified two functional retinoic acid responsive elements (RAREs) within this 2.9 kb regulatory element. We also show that the transcription factor DMRT1 enhances Stra8 expression, but only in the presence of RA and the most proximal RARE. Finally, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutation studies to demonstrate that both RAREs are required for optimal Stra8 expression levels, in vivo.

scholarly journals Retinoic acid synthesis by ALDH1A proteins is dispensable for meiosis initiation in the mouse fetal ovary

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (21) ◽  
pp. eaaz1261
Author(s):  
Anne-Amandine Chassot ◽  
Morgane Le Rolle ◽  
Geneviève Jolivet ◽  
Isabelle Stevant ◽  
Jean-Marie Guigonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Distinct Gene ◽  
Fetal Ovary ◽  
Present View

In mammals, the timing of meiosis entry is regulated by signals from the gonadal environment. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) signaling is considered the key pathway that promotes Stra8 (stimulated by retinoic acid 8) expression and, in turn, meiosis entry. This model, however, is debated because it is based on analyzing the effects of exogenous ATRA on ex vivo gonadal cultures, which not accurately reflects the role of endogenous ATRA. Aldh1a1 and Aldh1a2, two retinaldehyde dehydrogenases synthesizing ATRA, are expressed in the mouse ovaries when meiosis initiates. Contrary to the present view, here, we demonstrate that ATRA-responsive cells are scarce in the ovary. Using three distinct gene deletion models for Aldh1a1;Aldh1a2;Aldh1a3, we show that Stra8 expression is independent of ATRA production by ALDH1A proteins and that germ cells progress through meiosis. Together, these data demonstrate that ATRA signaling is dispensable for instructing meiosis initiation in female germ cells.

scholarly journals Conserved and divergent patterns of expression of DAZL, VASA and OCT4 in the germ cells of the human fetal ovary and testis

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Anderson ◽  
Norma Fulton ◽  
Gillian Cowan ◽  
Shona Coutts ◽  
Philippa TK Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Fetal Ovary

scholarly journals Development of the germinal ridge and ovary in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana)

Reproduction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Stansfield ◽  
J O Nöthling ◽  
J T Soley ◽  
W R Allen
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
Fetal Ovary ◽  
Follicular Reserve

The follicular reserve and its ontogeny in the elephant are of interest because elephants have the longest reproductive life of all land-based mammals. They also have the longest recorded pregnancy, which allows a protracted view of the series of significant events involved in the development of the embryonic and fetal gonads. The large elephant population of Zimbabwe provided the opportunity to collect conceptuses from elephants culled for management reasons and hunted professionally. Five embryos aged 76–96 days and the ovaries of four fetuses aged 4.8–11.2 months were fixed in 4% buffered formalin and studied by conventional histological sectioning and a stereological protocol to calculate the follicle reserve of each fetus. These observations enabled the conclusion that the migration of primordial germ cells into the indifferent gonad terminates at around 76 days of gestation while entry of oogonia into meiosis along with first follicle formation starts at around 5 months. Peak numbers of follicles are present by mid-gestation towards the end of the 6-month mitotic–meiotic transition period. It appears that the cortex of the elephant fetal ovary at mid-gestation (11 months) has already reached a developmental stage exhibited by the ovaries of many other mammals at full term.

Retinoic acid and androgen influence germ cells development and meiotic initiation in juvenile orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides

2020 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 113379
Author(s):  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Jiaxing Chen ◽  
Huirong Yang ◽  
Wenrui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Meiotic Initiation

scholarly journals Retinoic acid-stimulated ERK1/2 pathway regulates meiotic initiation in cultured fetal germ cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0224628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Kim ◽  
Toshifumi Yokoyama ◽  
Dylan Ng ◽  
Ferhat Ulu ◽  
Yukiko Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Meiotic Initiation

Retinoic acid induces differentiation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryonic stem cells into germ cells

Gene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Mohmad Shah ◽  
Suresh Kumar Singla ◽  
Prabhat Palta ◽  
Radhey Sham Manik ◽  
Manmohan Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis
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