scholarly journals Disadvantaged neighborhood influences on depression and anxiety in youth with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus: how life stressors matter

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 956-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezer Kang ◽  
Claude A. Mellins ◽  
Curtis Dolezal ◽  
Katherine S. Elkington ◽  
Elaine J. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighborhood ◽  
Neighborhood Influences ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired

Excessive Weight Gain Associated With Dolutegravir Initiation in a 10-Year-Old Female With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Li ◽  
E H Yusuf ◽  
A L Agwu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Excessive Weight Gain ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) face a lifetime of combination antiretroviral treatment that often includes dolutegravir (DTG). DTG, an integrase strand inhibitor that has been linked to weight gain in adults, is increasingly being used in children. Understanding its potential short- and long-term sequelae in children is critically important. We report a case of excessive weight gain in a child with PHIV on DTG and provide a brief literature review.

Older Children and Adolescents Living With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-663
Author(s):  
Samuel Grubman ◽  
Elaine Gross ◽  
Nancy Lerner-Weiss ◽  
Myriam Hernandez ◽  
George D. McSherry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
The Mean

Objective. To describe the clinical, immunologic, and psychosocial characteristics of children living with perinatally-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection beyond the age of 9 years. Methods. This is a descriptive cohort study of 42 surviving perinatally infected children older than 9 years followed at the Children's Hospital Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Program (part of a university-based inner city medical center) as of June 1993. The study is based on medical record data of clinical, immunologic, and psychosocial parameters. Results. The cohort includes 20 boys and 22 girls with a mean age of 136 months. The mean age at diagnosis of HIV infection was 88 months, and 59.5% were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Currently, after a mean follow-up period of 48 months from diagnosis, 23.8% remain asymptomatic, 19.1% have non-AIDS-defining HIV-related symptoms, and 57.1% have AIDS; 85.7% of the cohort did not develop HIV-related symptoms until after 48 months of age (late-onset prolonged survivors). There was an average annual decline of 71.4 CD4+ cells/µL in the cohort from the ages of 7 to 16 years, and 21.4% have a current CD4+ lymphocyte count of greater than 500 cells/µL, 28.6% between 200 and 500 cells/µL, and 50% less than 200 cells/µL; 76% are orphaned as a result of maternal death, with the majority of the cohort (60%) cared for by extended family members. Disclosure of diagnosis has occurred in 57.1%. The vast majority of the cohort (76%) are attending regular school, with the remainder in special education. Conclusions. Although close to one quarter of the children and adolescents ages 9 to 16 years living with perinatally acquired HIV infection described in this cohort remain asymptomatic and have a relatively intact immune system, the remainder are living with significant HIV-related symptoms, many of which are chronic in nature and have an impact on daily living. The children in this cohort had both significant immunologic deterioration and symptomatic disease progression during the mean follow-up period of 48 months from the time of diagnosis with HIV infection.

Self-Management of HIV

2017 ◽  
pp. 360-381
Author(s):  
Faith Martin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Good Nutrition

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic condition, currently requiring life-long medication and having potential impacts on physical health through pain, fatigue, adverse medication affects, and opportunistic infections and on mental health through depression and anxiety and the stigmatized nature of HIV. Self-management offers an important avenue to address these concerns, with current research suggesting interventions to support medication-taking, good nutrition, and peer support to boost mental health and optimize a person’s understanding of HIV. Further, knowledge is required to facilitate self-management. The challenges and interventions including legal issues around transmission of HIV are considered, highlighting the multidimensional nature of the condition.

scholarly journals Unexpectedly High Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus DNAemia in Older Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Marie Yindom ◽  
Victoria Simms ◽  
Edith D Majonga ◽  
Grace McHugh ◽  
Ethel Dauya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Acquired ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Cmv Dnaemia

AbstractBackgroundOlder children and adolescents with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) infection in Africa experience multiple comorbidities that are not typical of HIV-associated opportunistic infections, including growth impairment and chronic lung disease. We examined associations between plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA and lung function and growth.MethodsPlasma CMV DNA loads were measured children aged 6–16 years with PHIV (n = 402) and HIV-uninfected controls (n = 224). The HIV-infected children were either newly diagnosed or known HIV infected and stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for >6 months. CMV DNA loads were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CMV DNAemia was modeled as a time-varying outcome using longitudinal mixed-effects logistic regression.ResultsAt enrollment, CMV DNAemia ≥1000 copies/mL (defined as “clinically significant”) was detected in 5.8% of uninfected children, 14.7% of HIV-infected participants stable on ART, and 22.6% of HIV-infected ART-naive children (χ2 = 23.8, P < .001). The prevalence of CMV DNAemia ≥1000 copies/mL was associated with CD4 counts <350 cells/µL. Among HIV-infected ART-naive children, the presence of CMV DNAemia of ≥1000 copies/mL was independently associated with reduced lung function (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–8.46; P = .017). Among ART-treated children, stunting was associated with CMV DNAemia of ≥1000 copies/mL (aOR = 2.79; 95% CI, 0.97–8.02; P = .057).ConclusionsClinically significant levels of CMV DNAemia were common in older children with PHIV, even those on ART, suggesting a role for inadequately controlled CMV infection in the pathogenesis of PHIV comorbidities in Africa.

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