IGF-I Signaling in Osterix-Expressing Cells Regulates Secondary Ossification Center Formation, Growth Plate Maturation, and Metaphyseal Formation During Postnatal Bone Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2239-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongmei Wang ◽  
Alicia Menendez ◽  
Chak Fong ◽  
Hashem Z ElAlieh ◽  
Takuo Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

scholarly journals Secondary ossification center induces and protects growth plate structure

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Pavel Gol'din ◽  
Anna Nele Herdina ◽  
Jordi Estefa ◽  
Ekaterina V Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Hypertrophic Chondrocytes ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Anatomical Entity ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
High Mechanical Stress ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

Growth plate and articular cartilage constitute a single anatomical entity early in development but later separate into two distinct structures by the secondary ossification center (SOC). The reason for such separation remains unknown. We found that evolutionarily SOC appears in animals conquering the land - amniotes. Analysis of the ossification pattern in mammals with specialized extremities (whales, bats, jerboa) revealed that SOC development correlates with the extent of mechanical loads. Mathematical modeling revealed that SOC reduces mechanical stress within the growth plate. Functional experiments revealed the high vulnerability of hypertrophic chondrocytes to mechanical stress and showed that SOC protects these cells from apoptosis caused by extensive loading. Atomic force microscopy showed that hypertrophic chondrocytes are the least mechanically stiff cells within the growth plate. Altogether, these findings suggest that SOC has evolved to protect the hypertrophic chondrocytes from the high mechanical stress encountered in the terrestrial environment.

scholarly journals Periarticular Mesenchymal Progenitors Initiate and Contribute to Secondary Ossification Center Formation During Mouse Long Bone Development

Stem Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tong ◽  
Robert J. Tower ◽  
Chider Chen ◽  
Luqiang Wang ◽  
Leilei Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Mesenchymal Progenitors ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

scholarly journals Secondary ossification center induces and protects growth plate structure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Pavel Gol’din ◽  
Anna Nele Herdina ◽  
Jordi Estefa ◽  
Ekaterina V Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Hypertrophic Chondrocytes ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Anatomical Entity ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
High Mechanical Stress ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

AbstractGrowth plate and articular cartilage constitute a single anatomical entity early in development, but later separate into two distinct structures by the secondary ossification center (SOC). The reason for such separation remains unknown. We found that evolutionarily SOC appears in animals conquering the land - amniotes. Analysis of ossification pattern in mammals with specialized extremities (whales, bats, jerboa) revealed that SOC development correlates with the extent of mechanical loads. Mathematical modelling revealed that SOC reduces mechanical stress within the growth plate. Functional experiments revealed high vulnerability of hypertrophic chondrocytes to mechanical stress and showed that SOC protects these cells from apoptosis caused by extensive loading. Atomic force microscopy showed that hypertrophic chondrocytes are the least mechanically stiff cells within the growth plate. Altogether, these findings suggest that SOC has evolved to protect the hypertrophic chondrocytes from the high mechanical stress encountered in the terrestrial environment.

scholarly journals Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Is Essential for Embryonic Bone Development

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (10) ◽  
pp. 4753-4761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongmei Wang ◽  
Shigeki Nishida ◽  
Takeshi Sakata ◽  
Hashem Z. Elalieh ◽  
Wenhan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Chondrocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Indian Hedgehog ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Chondrocyte Proliferation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Embryonic Bone

Although IGF-I has been identified as an important growth factor for the skeleton, the role of IGF-I on embryonic bone development remains unknown. Here we show that, in IGF-I-deficient (IGF-I−/−) mice, skeletal malformations, including short-limbed dwarfism, were evident at days post coitus (dpc) 14.5 to 18.5, accompanied by delays of mineralization in the spinal column, sternum, and fore paws. Reduced chondrocyte proliferation and increased chondrocyte apoptosis were identified in both the spinal ossification center and the growth plate of long bones. Abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and delayed initiation of mineralization was characterized by small size and fewer numbers of type X collagen expressing hypertrophic chondrocytes and lower osteocalcin expression. The Indian hedgehog-PTHrP feedback loop was altered; expression of Indian hedgehog was reduced in IGF-I−/− mice in long bones and in the spine, whereas expression of PTHrP was increased. Our results indicate that IGF-I plays an important role in skeletal development by promoting chondrocyte proliferation and maturation while inhibiting apoptosis to form bones of appropriate size and strength.

scholarly journals Secondary ossification center protects growth plate chondrocytes from mechanical stress

Bone Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100663
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Phillip Newton ◽  
Lauren Shumate ◽  
Shigeki Nishimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Growth Plate Chondrocytes ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

Author response: Secondary ossification center induces and protects growth plate structure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Pavel Gol'din ◽  
Anna Nele Herdina ◽  
Jordi Estefa ◽  
Ekaterina V Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Plate Structure ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

scholarly journals Secondary ossification center induces and protects growth plate structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xie ◽  
Anna Nele Herdina ◽  
Jordi Estefa ◽  
Ekaterina V Medvedeva ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Ossification Center ◽  
Plate Structure ◽  
Secondary Ossification Center

Isolation, Culture and Identification of Bovine Skeletal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2337-2345
Author(s):  
Junhui Lai ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Ruining Liang ◽  
Weijun Guan ◽  
Xiuxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
And Cartilage

The growth plate is essential in long bone formation and contains a wealth of skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Though the origin and the mechanism for SSCs generation remain uncertain, recent studies demonstrate the transition from cartilage to bone that in the lineage for bone development. SSCs possesses the ability to differentiate into bone and cartilage in vitro. In this research, we aimed to isolate and culture the skeletal stem cells from bovine cattle and then studied its biological characterization. The results showed that these bovine SSCs are positive for PDPN+CD73+CD164+CD90+CD44+ cell surface bio-markers, they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. Our dates proved that SSCs exists in bovine’s long bone.

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