Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes the formation of periodontal ligament stem cell sheets and ectopic periodontal tissue regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Li ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Mengyuan Zhu ◽  
Siqi Ying ◽  
Lingjie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell

scholarly journals MEST Regulates the Stemness of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Daigaku Hasegawa ◽  
Kana Hasegawa ◽  
Hiroshi Kaneko ◽  
Shinichiro Yoshida ◽  
Hiromi Mitarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells (PDLSCs) have been reported as a useful cell source for periodontal tissue regeneration. However, one of the issues is the difficulty of obtaining a sufficient number of PDLSCs for clinical application because very few PDLSCs can be isolated from PDL tissue of donors. Therefore, we aimed to identify a specific factor that converts human PDL cells into stem-like cells. In this study, microarray analysis comparing the gene profiles of human PDLSC lines (2-14 and 2-23) with those of a cell line with a low differentiation potential (2-52) identified the imprinted gene mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST). MEST was expressed in the cytoplasm of 2-23 cells. Knockdown of MEST by siRNA in 2-23 cells inhibited the expression of stem cell markers, such as CD105, CD146, p75NTR, N-cadherin, and NANOG; the proliferative potential; and multidifferentiation capacity for osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. On the other hand, overexpression of MEST in 2-52 cells enhanced the expression of stem cell markers and PDL-related markers and the multidifferentiation capacity. In addition, MEST-overexpressing 2-52 cells exhibited a change in morphology from a spindle shape to a stem cell-like round shape that was similar to 2-14 and 2-23 cell morphologies. These results suggest that MEST plays a critical role in the maintenance of stemness in PDLSCs and converts PDL cells into PDLSC-like cells. Therefore, this study indicates that MEST may be a therapeutic factor for periodontal tissue regeneration by inducing PDLSCs.

scholarly journals Stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue regeneration: a network meta-analysis of preclinical studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Guangwen Yang ◽  
Jialing Li ◽  
Meng Ding ◽  
Na Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Abstract Background Periodontal tissue regeneration (PTR) is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. Currently, stem cell therapy is considered a promising strategy for achieving PTR. However, there is still no conclusive comparison that distinguishes clear hierarchies among different kinds of stem cells. Methods A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science up to February 2020. Preclinical studies assessing five types of stem cells for PTR were included; the five types of stem cells included periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs), bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSCs), and gingival-derived stem cells (GMSCs). The primary outcomes were three histological indicators with continuous variables: newly formed alveolar bone (NB), newly formed cementum (NC), and newly formed periodontal ligament (NPDL). We performed pairwise meta-analyses using a random-effects model and then performed a random-effects NMA using a multivariate meta-analysis model. Results Sixty preclinical studies assessing five different stem cell-based therapies were identified. The NMA showed that in terms of NB, PDLSCs (standardized mean difference 1.87, 95% credible interval 1.24 to 2.51), BMSCs (1.88, 1.17 to 2.59), and DPSCs (1.69, 0.64 to 2.75) were statistically more efficacious than cell carriers (CCs). In addition, PDLSCs were superior to GMSCs (1.49, 0.04 to 2.94). For NC, PDLSCs (2.18, 1.48 to 2.87), BMSCs (2.11, 1.28 to 2.94), and ADSCs (1.55, 0.18 to 2.91) were superior to CCs. For NPDL, PDLSCs (1.69, 0.92 to 2.47) and BMSCs (1.41, 0.56 to 2.26) were more efficacious than CCs, and PDLSCs (1.26, 0.11 to 2.42) were superior to GMSCs. The results of treatment hierarchies also demonstrated that the two highest-ranked interventions were PDLSCs and BMSCs. Conclusion PDLSCs and BMSCs were the most effective and well-documented stem cells for PTR among the five kinds of stem cells evaluated in this study, and there was no statistical significance between them. To translate the stem cell therapies for PTR successfully in the clinic, future studies should utilize robust experimental designs and reports.

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