scholarly journals A GPIIb/IIIa bioreactor for specific treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura, an autoimmune disease. Preparation,in vitro characterization, and preliminary proof-of-concept animal studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 75A (3) ◽  
pp. 648-655
Author(s):  
Emel Emregul ◽  
Allan David ◽  
Joseph P. Balthasar ◽  
Victor C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
In Vitro Characterization

Mannose Labeled Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Is Effective in the Management of Experimental Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Model Mice.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3995-3995
Author(s):  
Yoji Ishida ◽  
Kazunori Murai ◽  
Syugo Kowata ◽  
Tatsuo Oyake ◽  
Ryo Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Mannose Receptor ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Murine Macrophages

Abstract Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimuune disease in which platelet antibodies cause increased platelet consumption. The destruction of platelets is mediated by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), especially hepatic and splenic macrophages. The depletion of these cells was carried out by the intravenous injection of mannose labeled liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (mannose-DXR-liposome). The reason why mannose labeled liposome was used was that the macrophage expressed mannose receptor on the surface. Therefore, mannose-DXR-liposome is considered to be phagocyted specifically by macrophages. In this study, we evaluated the effects of mannose-DXR-liposome in a mouse model of ITP. In vitro experiments: Murine peritoneal macrophages were obtained by the intraperitoneal injection of thioglycolate (TGC) to ddY mice. The uptake of fluorescence by peritoneal macrophages was measured using rhodamine-liposome by flow cytometry. The macrophages were incubated with mannose labeled rhodamine-liposome (mannose(+)-rhodamine-liposome) or mannose unlabeled rhodamine-liposome (mannose(−)-rhodamine-liposome) for 30 min at 37 °C. After washing with PBS, they were applied for flow cytometry. Rhodamine fluorescence intensity in macrophages was higher in mannose(+)-rhodamine-liposome treatment than that in mannose(−)-rhodamine-liposome treatment (Figure 1). The viability of peritoneal macrophages was measured by MTT assay after 30 min incubation with DXR-liposome. The viability in the treatment with mannose(+)-DXR-liposome was much less than that in the treatment with mannose(−)-DXR-liposome (Figure 2). In vivo experiment: Anti-mouse platelet serum (APS) was injected intraperitoneally to ddY mice at 24 hr after intravenous injection of mannose(+)-DXR-liposome or mannose(−)-DXR-liposome. Platelet count was measured at 12 hr after APS injection. It was 89.3 ± 22.1 x104 / μl (n=6) in mannose(+)-DXR-liposome treatment, while 4.5 ± 2.0 x104 / μl (n=8) in mannose(−)-DXR-liposome treatment. The platelet counts were 3.2 ± 0.5 x104 / μl (n=4), 96.1 ± 15.0 x104 / μl (n=4) or 99.3 ± 26.2 x104 / μl (n=4) in mice with only APS administration, mannose(+)-DXR-liposome+saline or mannose(−)-DXR-liposome+saline administrations instead of APS, respectively. These in vivo data indicated that APS induced thrombocytopenia was not observed in mice treated with mannose(+)-DXR-liposome, because of the destruction of macrophages by mannose(+)-DXR-liposome administration. These in vitro and in vivo results strongly suggest that mannose(+)-DXR-liposome treatment specifically delete the macrophages and can be effective in the management of experimental ITP model mice. Figure 1 The Uptake of Rhodamine –liposome by Murine Macrophages. Figure 1. The Uptake of Rhodamine –liposome by Murine Macrophages. Figure 2. The Viability of Murine Macrophages after incubation with Doxorubicin-liposome. Figure 2. The Viability of Murine Macrophages after incubation with Doxorubicin-liposome.

scholarly journals Enhancing global vaccine pharmacovigilance: Proof-of-concept study on aseptic meningitis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura following measles-mumps containing vaccination

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Perez-Vilar ◽  
Daniel Weibel ◽  
Miriam Sturkenboom ◽  
Steven Black ◽  
Christine Maure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Concept Study

Peripheral endocannabinoid microdialysis: in vitro characterization and proof-of-concept in human subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 402 (9) ◽  
pp. 2727-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Zoerner ◽  
Christin Rakers ◽  
Stefan Engeli ◽  
Sandor Batkai ◽  
Marcus May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
In Vitro Characterization

scholarly journals A multicarotenoid beadlet for human nutrition - proof of concept of in vitro timed release.

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Gellenbeck ◽  
Dawna Salter-Venzon ◽  
Rajendra Lala ◽  
Jayanthi Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Since the 1980's when the predominate focus of study and use of carotenoids in human nutritional formulations was solely on beta-carotene, there has been a steady increase in research aimed to understand the role of a wide variety of carotenoids in human health. This work has increasingly demonstrated the benefits of a number of carotenoids, and there has been a corresponding increase in the number of carotenoids provided in nutritional supplements (multicarotenoids). Numerous published observations in both human and animal studies suggest significant interaction and competition between various carotenoids during absorption and metabolism, resulting in the inhibition of uptake of one over the other. This competition has the end result of reducing the beneficial effects of the inhibited carotenoid. To limit such competition and maximize carotenoid uptakes, a layered beadlet was designed to release a defined ratio of carotenoids sequentially. Preliminary dissolution testing is presented showing the release profile in simulated digestive conditions of a combination of beta-carotene, alpha carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene and astaxanthin derived from natural sources. Comparison is made to an immediate release beadlet formulation using the same combination of carotenoids. These results will be used to guide proof of concept clinical testing for effectiveness in humans.

scholarly journals Coexisting Situs Inversus Totalis and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Kemal Gundogdu ◽  
Fatih Altintoprak ◽  
Mustafa Yener Uzunoğlu ◽  
Enis Dikicier ◽  
İsmail Zengin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Situs Inversus ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Mirror Symmetry ◽  
Congenital Abnormality ◽  
Situs Inversus Totalis ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Rare Congenital Abnormality

Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital abnormality with mirror symmetry of mediastinal and abdominal organs. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disease with destruction of thrombocytes. This paper is presentation of surgical approach to a case with coexistence of these two conditions.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Azathioprine as a Second Line Therapy for Primary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (203) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishesh Sharma Poudyal ◽  
Binaya Sapkota ◽  
Gentle Sunder Shrestha ◽  
Sujan Thapalia ◽  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
P Value ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Azathioprine Therapy ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Steroid Refractory

Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura remains common blood disease in Nepal. Azathioprine is an oral immunosupressive medicine which has been used widely in various autoimmune disease and solid organ transplant patients. It is inexpensive, easily available and well tolerated medicine. This study was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety of azathioprine as a second line medicine for primary ITP patients who were refractory to steroid therapy.Methods: The observational, pre-post study was conducted at Government of Nepal Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu from January to October 2014. Twenty four primary ITP patients who were steroid refractory were treated with Azathioprine. Patients were termed steroid refractory if platelet counts were less than 30,000/ul on day 21st of steroid therapy. From day 22 onwards oral azathioprine 2mg/kg was started and steroids were tapered 10mg/week and stopped. Platelet counts of more than 30000/ul after one month of stopping steroid, while still on azathioprine, were termed response to azathioprine. Platelet count of more than 100,000/ul was termed complete response. The associations among age, gender, duration and platelets counts were analyzed by chi square test and Fisher's exact test (when individual cell frequency was less than 5). The comparison of platelets counts among the start and day 90 of Azathioprine therapy was performed by the paired t-test. Results: The study showed that there was not significant association among age and gender of the patients and their platelets count on the start of Azathioprine therapy (p value 0.354 and 0.725 respectively) and on day 90 of Azathioprine therapy (p value 0.082 and 0.762 respectively). The duration-wise comparisons of platelets count on both the start and day 90 of Azathioprine therapy were significant (p values 0.029 and 0.008 respectively). The paired comparison among platelets count on the start and day 90 of Azathioprine therapy was highly significant (p value 0.000).Conclusions: The study showed the therapeutic implication of azathioprine in ITP patients. It also showed that efficacy of azathioprine was comparable with other modes of treatment. In low income countries like Nepal azathioprine can be considered as second line treatment for steroid refractory ITP patients.Keywords: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura; autoimmune disease; steroids; azathioprine; Nepal. | PubMed

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