Noding of Cyprideis torosa valves (Ostracoda) - a proxy for salinity? New data from field observations and a long-term microcosm experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Frenzel ◽  
Isabel Schulze ◽  
Anna Pint
Keyword(s):  
Field Observations ◽  
Microcosm Experiment

scholarly journals Genetic Consequences of Fence Confinement in a Population of White-Tailed Deer

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Emily K. Latch ◽  
Kenneth L. Gee ◽  
Stephen L. Webb ◽  
Rodney L. Honeycutt ◽  
Randy W. DeYoung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Population Isolation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Mtdna Diversity

Fencing wildlife populations can aid wildlife management goals, but potential benefits may not always outweigh costs of confinement. Population isolation can erode genetic diversity and lead to the accumulation of inbreeding, reducing viability and limiting adaptive potential. We used microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA data collected from 640 white-tailed deer confined within a 1184 ha fence to quantify changes in genetic diversity and inbreeding over the first 12 years of confinement. Genetic diversity was sustained over the course of the study, remaining comparable to unconfined white-tailed deer populations. Uneroded genetic diversity suggests that genetic drift is mitigated by a low level of gene flow, which supports field observations that the fence is not completely impermeable. In year 9 of the study, we observed an unexpected influx of mtDNA diversity and drop in inbreeding as measured by FIS. A male harvest restriction imposed that year increased male survival, and more diverse mating may have contributed to the inbreeding reduction and temporary genetic diversity boost we observed. These data add to our understanding of the long-term impacts of fences on wildlife, but also highlight the importance of continued monitoring of confined populations.

Response of East Mediterranean surface water to Saharan dust: On-board microcosm experiment and field observations

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (22-23) ◽  
pp. 3024-3040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barak Herut ◽  
Tamar Zohary ◽  
M.D. Krom ◽  
R. Fauzi C. Mantoura ◽  
Paraskevi Pitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Microcosm Experiment

The use of deslorelin implants for the long-term contraception of lionesses and tigers

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Bertschinger ◽  
M. A. de Barros Vaz Guimarães ◽  
T. E. Trigg ◽  
A. Human
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Mean Time

Contraception is an essential tool for controlling reproduction in captive and free-ranging lions. This paper describes the treatment and contraception of 23 captive and 40 free-ranging lionesses (Panthera leo) and four captive tigers (Panthera tigris) in South Africa using 3 × 4.7 mg, 2 × 4.7 mg, 9.4 mg or 4.7 + 9.4 mg deslorelin implants. Thirty-one lionesses were treated more than once at 11- to 60-month intervals. In Brazil, two lionesses were treated with 9.4-mg implants and faecal progesterone and oestradiol concentrations were monitored for 920 days. All combinations of deslorelin showed the length of contraception to be around 30 months with one 3 × 4.7 mg treatment lasting 40 months in one captive lioness. The mean time taken to reconception was 30.1 months for the 3 × 4.7 mg combination. The faecal analyses of the lionesses in Brazil reflected quiescent ovarian activity for periods of 17 and 30 months, respectively, when small oestradiol peaks but no progesterone peaks started to appear. This confirmed the field observations in South Africa. No side effects occurred although several of the lionesses were treated repeatedly for up to 8 years. Deslorelin (Suprelorin) is a safe and effective means of controlling reproduction in captive or free-ranging populations of lions. Where contraception is to be maintained, the implementation of implants at 24-month intervals is recommended.

scholarly journals Long-term Field Observations on Seasonality in Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in a Shallow Coastal Marine Ecosystem, the Wadden Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Johanna Maria Philippart ◽  
Jolanda Martine van Iperen ◽  
Gerhard Cornelis Cadée ◽  
Alain François Zuur
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Coastal Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Term Field

Subsoil investigation of ice lensing at the Calgary, Canada, frost heave test facility

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Carlson ◽  
J. F. (Derick) Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Silty Soil ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Segregation Potential ◽  
Control Section

Several frost heave mitigation modes were studied at the Calgary, Canada, chilled pipeline frost heave test facility. These included deeper burial (to increase the pressure on the frost front below the pipe) and replacement of the silty soil around the pipe with gravel for a noninsulated pipe. Frost heave at the deep-burial section and at the gravel section was less than the heave at a control section. Other pipe sections tested the effects of insulation of the pipe on the long-term frost heave, as well as the effects of replacing the silt around an insulated pipe with gravel. Summer thawing of the frost bulb around the insulated pipe results in seasonal thaw settlement of the pipe, thus reducing the long-term pipe heave, at least for the warmer ground temperature environment at the Calgary facility.Thermal simulations of the frost bulb growth and predictions of frost heave using the segregation potential model agree well with the observations.Recent excavation of two frost bulbs in silty soil led to field observations of the interior of the frost bulbs, and subsequent laboratory analysis of frost bulb samples. Ice distribution was logged and photographed following excavation of each frost bulb. Key words: frost heave, pipeline, silt, mitigation, instrumentation, field observations.

Design and Performance of an Expressway Constructed Over Peat by Preloading

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laval Samson ◽  
Pierre La Rochelle
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
The North ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Remarkable Agreement ◽  
Oedometer Tests ◽  
Compressibility Characteristics ◽  
Made In

This paper presents the complete record of the laboratory investigations and field observations made in conjunction with the construction of expressway embankments built by preloading over a muskeg. The peat deposit, located on the north shore of the Saint-Laurent River, was initially 10–19 ft (3.0–5.8 m) thick and is underlain by sand. Settlements of the highway fills ranging from 5 to 11 ft (1.5 to 3.3 m) were measured during construction.Laboratory and field tests were performed before and during construction. Field vane tests made at the end of the preloading stage indicated a considerable gain in the shear strength as a result of consolidation. Compressibility characteristics of the peat measured in the laboratory are compared with the field behavior.Periodical field level observations were taken during the 4 years after the removal of the temporary surcharge and have shown that the highway embankments heaved 2–3 in. (5.0–7.5 cm) over a period of 12 months at a gradually decreasing rate. The rebound was followed by long-term secondary settlements totaling 0.5–1.5 in. (1.3–3.8 cm) over the following 3 years of observations. Analysis of the settlement records shows that preloading has been beneficial in reducing the coefficient of secondary compression of the peat. Preloading was simulated in the laboratory by means of oedometer tests on peat samples; both the laboratory results and the field observations revealed a remarkable agreement between the duration of the surcharge stage and the time for rebound to be complete after removal of the surcharge.

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