scholarly journals Country-specific HPV-related genital disease among men residing in Brazil, Mexico and The United States: The HIM study

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staci L. Sudenga ◽  
B. Nelson Torres ◽  
William J. Fulp ◽  
Roberto Silva ◽  
Luisa L. Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genital Disease ◽  
Country Specific

TB risk by time since U.S. entry among non-U.S.-born residents of Washington State, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
D. A. Black ◽  
S. W. McBrien ◽  
J. Gersh ◽  
B. Ghassemieh ◽  
M. Narita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
First Year ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Targeted Testing ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Latent Tb Infection ◽  
Country Specific

BACKGROUND: Progress towards TB elimination in the United States will require improved detection and treatment of latent TB infection among non-U.S.-born residents who remain at disproportionate risk of TB disease. To inform targeted testing efforts, we evaluated risk of TB disease among non-U.S.-born residents of Washington State, USA, by region of origin and time from U.S. entry.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among non-U.S.-born residents diagnosed with TB disease in Washington State from 2005 to 2014, for which country-specific population estimates were also available. The risk of TB disease among non-U.S.-born residents was estimated by time since U.S. entry, World Bank region of origin, and WHO TB incidence category.RESULTS: Risk of TB disease for non-U.S.-born residents was highest within the first year after U.S. entry. Among persons from countries with high TB incidence who had resided in the United States for more than 20 years, risk for TB remained elevated.CONCLUSION: Elevated risk of developing TB disease among individuals not born in the United States persisted long after U.S. entry, particularly among persons originating from certain regions and from high-burden countries. These findings contribute to evidence supporting a refinement of existing screening guidelines.

scholarly journals More bang for your buck: tax compliance in the United States and Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D’Attoma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Specific Tax ◽  
Country Specific

AbstractI investigate the relationship between perception of public institutions and tax compliance using a large tax compliance laboratory experiment conducted in Italy and the United States. In the first test, I conduct a simple tax compliance game to uncover that given the exact same decisions, contributions to the public good do not differ between Italy and the United States. Second, I ask participants to pay taxes to their national government, pension fund and fire department. In these rounds, behaviours diverge with Italian participants complying significantly less than Americans. Theoretically, I provide evidence demonstrating that how individuals perceive their institutions is a crucial component of the tax compliance decision. Methodologically, I provide a unique experiment, which can help us to better explain crosscountry variation in tax compliance, by asking subjects to make country-specific tax decisions.

scholarly journals Addressing the shortage of pathologists in Africa: Creation of a MMed Programme in Pathology in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Mudenda ◽  
Evans Malyangu ◽  
Shahin Sayed ◽  
Kenneth Fleming
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Regional College ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Severe Shortage ◽  
Country Specific

Background: With approximately one pathologist for one million people compared to ratios of approximately 1 to 25 000 in the United States and United Kingdom, there is a severe shortage of pathologists in much of Africa. The situation is particularly severe in Zambia, where, in 2009, the ratio was 1 to 1.4 million.Objective: To address this, a postgraduate Master of Medicine (MMed) training programme was launched in Lusaka in 2011.Methods: The process and most significant challenges and lessons learned were documented, as they may be of value to other countries facing similar challenges.Results: Since 2011, four Zambian pathologists have graduated, doubling the number of indigenous pathologists in the country. Currently 10 students are in training. The most significant problem was issues arising from the split responsibilities of the Ministries of Health and of Education and the most important lesson learned was the crucial need for broad local ownership and commitment.Conclusion: Successfully addressing the shortage of local pathologists by creating country-specific, postgraduate MMed training programmes, even in situations of restricted resources, is feasible. However, having access to and support from the shared resources, expertise and knowledge of a regional College of Pathologists would be a major advantage.

scholarly journals Strict and Uniform Shariah Screening Methodologies in Selected Asian Countries in Comparison with the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umayal Kasi ◽  
Junaina Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Country Specific

<p>This paper focuses mainly on the Shariah screening methodologies for Shariah-Compliant firms. This paper compares the Shariah screening methodologies which are used in selected Asian countries and the United States, a ‘powerhouse’ nation. In order to include the analysis of the new benchmark introduced in Malaysia as part of this study, the timeline used in this paper is from November 2013 until November 2014. It can be found that there are similarities and differences between the various Shariah screening methodologies in all the 5 countries, in terms of feasibility, duration, economic viability and fund requirements. It also appears that the Shariah screening methodologies implied in the United States is far more stringent than those implied in the selected Asian countries. On the whole, the results point towards the possibility of generalising the implementation of strict and uniform Shariah screening methodologies within all the country-specific Shariah Indices amongst Muslim nations, globally.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document