Evaluating the quality of hydraulic conductivity estimates from piezometer slug tests in peat

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben W. J. Surridge ◽  
Andrew J. Baird ◽  
A. L. Heathwaite
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Slug Tests

Direct Push Technology and Application to Vertical Profiling of Hydraulic Conductivity in Unconsolidated Formations

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley McCall ◽  
Thomas M. Christy ◽  
James J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Contaminant Migration ◽  
Slug Tests ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Direct Push ◽  
Vertical Profiling

Direct push (DP) methods provide a cost-effective alternative to conventional rotary drilling for investigations in unconsolidated formations. DP methods are commonly used for sampling soil gas, soil and groundwater; installing small-diameter monitoring wells; electrical logging; cone penetration testing; and standard penetration tests. Most recently, DP methods and equipment for vertical profiling of formation hydraulic conductivity (K) have been developed. Knowledge of the vertical and lateral variations in K is integral to understanding contaminant migration and, therefore, essential to designing an adequate and effective remediation system. DP-installed groundwater sampling tools may be used to access discrete intervals of the formation to conduct pneumatic slug tests. A small-diameter (38mm OD) single tube protected screen device allows the investigator to access one depth interval per advancement. Alternatively, a larger diameter (54mm OD) dual-tube groundwater profiling system may be used to access the formation at multiple depths during a single advancement. Once the appropriate tool is installed and developed, a pneumatic manifold is installed on the top of the DP rod string. The manifold includes the valving, regulator, and pressure gauge needed for pneumatic slug testing. A small-diameter pressure transducer is inserted via an airtight fitting in the pneumatic manifold, and a data-acquisition device connected to a laptop computer enables the slug test data to be acquired, displayed, and saved for analysis. Conventional data analysis methods can then be used to calculate the K value from the test data. A simple correction for tube diameter has been developed for slug tests in highly permeable aquifers. The pneumatic slug testing technique combined with DP-installed tools provides a cost-effective method for vertical profiling of K. Field comparison of this method to slug tests in conventional monitoring wells verified that this approach provides accurate K values. Use of this new approach can provide data on three-dimensional variations in hydraulic conductivity at a level of detail that has not previously been available. This will improve understanding of contaminant migration and the efficiency and quality of remedial system design, and ultimately, should lead to significant cost reductions.

scholarly journals An approach to identify soil types by using hydraulic conductivity values

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Maritha Nilam Kusuma ◽  
Wahyono Hadi ◽  
Budisantoso Wirjodirdjo ◽  
Yulfiah Yulfiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Soil Filtration

Water treatment in Indonesia still uses coagulant to reduce the contaminant. Therefore, an infiltration gallery is required as the pre-treatment before conventional water treatment conducted. Infiltration gallery is a natural technology for absorbing or filtrating the contaminant. The hydraulic conductivity plays the main role in soil filtration. There are many types of soil with different hydraulic conductivities. In infiltration gallery method it is important to identify the hydraulic conductivity value as the preliminary analysis because it is the important indicator to show the ability of soil to flow the water from one side to other sides when filtrating the contaminant. The slower the conductivity is, the better the quality of the water will be. The method used in this study was the Constant head Permeameter. The result of this study shows that the same type of soil type has different hydraulic conductivities.

scholarly journals ESTUDO DOS PARÂMETROS HIDRODINÂMICOS OBTIDOS EM ENSAIOS DE CAMPO EM ITABIRITOS BRANDOS DA PORÇÃO SUDOESTE DO QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO, MG

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Costa de Mesquita ◽  
Júlia Cotta Maciel Dantas ◽  
Rodrigo Sérgio de Paula ◽  
Kênia Janete Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Iron Formation ◽  
Secondary Porosity ◽  
Hydrodynamic Parameters ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Quadrilátero Ferrífero

O artigo consiste na caracterização dos parâmetros hidrodinâmicos de condutividade hidráulica (K), transmissividade (T) e coeficiente de armazenamento (S) para itabiritos brandos na porção sudoeste do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF), MG. O estudo de tais parâmetros é essencial para o conhecimento dos aquíferos, tanto com relação à sua localização como também em termos de qualidade e quantidade das águas. O K foi obtido matematicamente por meio da equação de HVORSLEV (1951) e pela análise gráfica, também pelo método de Hvorslev, no programa AquiferTest, a partir de dados do slug testes em piezômetros. T e S foram obtidos por ajustes gráficos no mesmo programa pelos métodos de Neuman e Boulton, e com base em testes de bombeamento em poços tubulares profundos. Nas análises de condutividade hidráulica, o método gráfico se mostrou mais eficiente e os valores obtidos são coerentes com os resultados de MOURÃO (2007) - indicando uma uniformidade desta característica do aquífero Cauê, em toda porção oeste do QF. Já os valores de T e S obtidos refletem a heterogeneidade e anisotropia do sistema aquífero, possivelmente relacionadas às regiões de confinamento e uma permeabilidade secundária, provavelmente associada ao controle estrutural do fluxo.Palavras Chave: Parâmetros hidrodinâmicos, Slug teste, teste de bombeamento, itabirito brandoAbstract:STUDY OF THE HYDRODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF SOFT ITABIRITOS IN THE SOUTH-WEST PORTION OF QUADRILATERO FERRIFERO OBTAINED BY FIELDWORK SIMULATIONS. This paper is based on the characterization of the hydrodynamic parameters hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T) and storage (S) in soft itabiritos of the southwest portion of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero (QF), MG. The study of these parameters is essential to the knowledge about aquifers, in terms of localization, quantity and quality of the water. The K was calculated using Hvorslev’s method and obtained by slug tests data for piezometers in the AquiferTest software. On the other hand, T and S had their results achieved using Neuman and Bouton methods also through the AquiferTest. The results were acquired by slope adjusts in graphs and the basis for these adjustments were pumping tests in deep tube wells. Considering the hydraulic conductivity, the graphic analyses were more effective and the results show a uniformity of this feature over the west QF, being consistent with MOURÃO (2007) studies. T and S, in turn, display the heterogeneity and anisotropy of the Caue iron formation probably caused by confined areas and secondary porosity due to the local structural complexity. Keywords: Hydrodynamic parameters, Slug test, pumping test, soft itabirito.

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of argan-tree influence on soil quality of intertree areas in open woodlands of South Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Kirchhoff ◽  
Tobias Romes ◽  
Irene Marzolff ◽  
Manuel Seeger ◽  
Ali Aït Hssaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Drip Line ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
Argan Tree ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

Abstract. The endemic argan tree (Argania spinosa) populations in South Morocco are highly degraded due to overbrowsing, illegal firewood extraction and the expansion of intensive agriculture. Bare areas between the isolated trees increase due to limited regrowth, but show lower soil quality than their neighbouring tree areas. Hypothetically, spatial differences of soil quality of the intertree area should result from translocation of litter or soil particles (by runoff and erosion or wind drift) from canopy-covered areas to the intertree areas. 385 soil samples were taken around the tree from the trunk along the tree drip line (within and outside the tree area) as well as the intertree area between two trees in four directions (upslope, downslope and in both directions parallel to the slope) and analysed for soil moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, percolation stability, total nitrogen content, content of soil organic carbon and C / N ratio. 74 tension-disc infiltrometer experiments were performed near the tree drip line, within and outside the tree area, to measure the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. We found that the tree influence on its surrounding intertree area is limited, with e.g., Corg- & N-content decreasing significantly from tree trunk to tree drip line. However, intertree areas near the tree drip line differed significantly from intertree areas between two trees, yet only with a small effect. Trends for spatial patterns could be found in eastern and downslope directions due to wind drift and slope wash. Soil moisture was highest in the north due to shade from the midday sun, the influence extended to the intertree areas. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity also showed significant differences between areas within and outside the tree area near the tree drip line. Although only limited influence of the tree on its intertree area was found, the spatial pattern around the tree suggests that reforestation measures should be aimed around tree shelters in northern or eastern directions with higher soil moistures, N- or Corg-content to ensure seedling survival.

Field Extraction of Large Intact Soil Cores for Leaching Studies in the Laboratory

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
She-Kong Chong ◽  
Suling Zhao ◽  
Brian P. Klubek
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Intact Soil Cores ◽  
Large Soil ◽  
Intact Soil

Various samplers have been developed for taking intact soil cores. Very often, the sampler was used once or twice to take only a few soil cores then it became either obsolete or a burden for maintenance and storage. An economic portable hand-operated soil core sampler was developed to obtain large soil cores with a diameter of 19 cm and a length of 120 cm. The quality of large soil cores was evaluated and compared with that obtained from short cores from each soil horizon. In addition, the large intact column was used to evaluate atrazine transport under the saturated condition. Results showed that the hydraulic conductivity of the large cores were of the same magnitude as that of short cores, except for the A horizon; the hydraulic conductivity of the large cores was about 10 times greater than the short cores. Even though the sampling procedure is labor intensive, the soil sampler has the flexibility to collect different size soil cores and can be constructed at a very low cost (less than $200 including labor). Lastly, the sampler is maintenance free and can be stored easily in a limited space.

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