Anisotropy and depth-related heterogeneity of hydraulic conductivity in a bog peat. I: laboratory measurements

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive W. Beckwith ◽  
Andrew J. Baird ◽  
A. Louise Heathwaite
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Laboratory Measurements

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Clayey Tills and the Role of Fractures

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny Fredericia
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
American Studies ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Data Field

The background for the present knowledge about hydraulic conductivity of clayey till in Denmark is summarized. The data show a difference of 1-2 orders of magnitude in the vertical hydraulic conductivity between values from laboratory measurements and field measurements. This difference is discussed and based on new data, field observations and comparison with North American studies, it is concluded to be primarily due to fractures in the till.

Estimation and Scaling of the Near-Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Atle Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Structured Soils ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The hydraulic conductivity in structured soils is known to increase drastically when approaching saturation. Tension infiltration allows in situ infiltration of water at predetermined matric potentials, thus allowing exploration of the hydraulic properties near saturation. In this study, the near saturated (ψ≥-0.15 m) hydraulic conductivity was estimated both in the top- and sub-soil of three Norwegian soils. A priory analysis of estimation errors due to measurement uncertainties was conducted. In order to facilitate the comparison between soils and depths, scaling analysis was applied. It was found that the increase in hydraulic conductivity with increasing matric potentials (increasing water content) was steeper in the sub-soil than in the top-soil. The estimated field saturated hydraulic conductivity was compared with laboratory measurements of the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The geometric means of the laboratory measurements was in the same order of magnitude as the field estimates. The variability of the field estimates of the hydraulic conductivity from one of the soils was also assessed. The variability of the field estimates was generally smaller than the laboratory measurements of the saturated hydraulic conductivity.

An Automated Tool for Three Types of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Laboratory Measurements

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.W. Wietsma ◽  
M. Oostrom ◽  
M.A. Covert ◽  
T.E. Queen ◽  
M.J. Fayer
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Automated Tool

scholarly journals Sask method for testing hydraulic conductivity of soils by flat dilatometer (dmt)

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Garbulewski ◽  
Stanisław Żakowicz ◽  
Simon Rabarijoely ◽  
Anna Łada
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Outcome Parameter ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Measuring Time ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract DMT is one of the most popular methods of determining soil parameters needed to design a safe construction. Apart from the basic outcome parameter obtained from DMT measurements hydraulic conductivity (k) can be determined, previously proposed DMTA and DMTC methods were modified. The basic idea of the method is that the return of the deformed membrane is due to soil and water pressure. In the proposed SASK method the hydraulic conductivity of the soil is determined by measuring time-varying pressures A and C. Research has been performed at the experimental site of the Department of Geotechnical Engineering, WULS. In the paper, the assumptions of the new method for determining the hydraulic conductivity k are presented. The proposed method allows us to determine a reliable value for the hydraulic conductivity of clay soils. Using this method, the value of hydraulic conductivity (k = 5,47*10-11) is similar to the results of BAT, DMTA and laboratory measurements.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment of the estimates of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of two anthropogenic soils and their impact on hydrological model simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Mouna Feki ◽  
Giovanni Ravazzani ◽  
Stefano Barontini ◽  
Alessandro Ceppi ◽  
Marco Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Anthropogenic Soils ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Alternative Techniques

In this study, different methods were compared in order to determine the soil hydraulic conductivity at the saturation (K<sub>s</sub>) of two heavily anthropized soils in northern Italy: an irrigated field and a landfill cover. In situ, laboratory measurements (falling head and evaporation method) and pedotransfer functions (ROSETTA and HYPRES) were used for the K<sub>s</sub> estimation. In accordance with scientific literature, the results have shown that K<sub>s</sub> is largely dependent on the type of technique used in taking the measurements. The ROSETTA and HYPRES pedotransfer functions show quite similar performances, while their easiness and convenient use make them potential alternative techniques for the K<sub>s</sub> estimation in comparison with the in situ and laboratory measurements. The K<sub>s</sub> estimate is sensitive to the selected method and this sensitivity affects the hydrological model simulations. Therefore, none of the tested methods can be considered as a benchmark, but the results found in this study confirm that the applied method for the determination of K<sub>s</sub>, may provide a first estimate of K<sub>s</sub> to be subsequently optimised after the simulations.

Seepage from small earth dams

Soil Research ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Field Situation ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Extractable Iron ◽  
Tank Water

Tensiometers were installed to study seepage from an excavated earth tank used for farm water supplies near Badgingarra, W.A. Seepage was limited by a layer of soil about 0.2 m thick with hydraulic conductivity about one-tenth of that of soil deeper in the profile. The seepage limiting layer bounds the excavated tank. Water balances of several earth tanks were used to estimate hydraulic conductivities of soils in situ. Most of the variation of hydraulic conductivity could be accounted for by sand content, exchangeable magnesium percentage, exchangeable sodium percentage, and dithionite extractable iron in the soils. Laboratory measurements of the hydraulic conductivities of disturbed samples had no relevance to the field situation.

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