River networks system changes and its impact on storage and flood control capacity under rapid urbanization

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 2401-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Youpeng Xu ◽  
Longfei Han ◽  
Song Song ◽  
Xiaojun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
System Changes

scholarly journals Flood Risk Zoning by Using 2D Hydrodynamic Modeling: A Case Study in Jinan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Zongxue Xu ◽  
Siyang Hong ◽  
Sulin Song
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
The South ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Risk Zoning ◽  
The North ◽  
Hourly Rainfall ◽  
Infoworks Icm ◽  
Jinan City

Climate change and rapid urbanization have aggravated the rainstorm flood in Jinan City during the past decades. Jinan City is higher in the south and lower in the north with a steep slope inclined from the south to the north. This results in high-velocity overland flow and deep waterlogging, which poses a tremendous threat to pedestrians and vehicles. Therefore, it is vital to investigate the rainstorm flood and further perform flood risk zoning. This study is carried out in the “Sponge City Construction” pilot area of Jinan City, where the InfoWorks ICM 2D hydrodynamic model is utilized for simulating historical and designed rainfall events. The model is validated with observations, and the causes for errors are analyzed. The simulated water depth and flow velocity are recorded for flood risk zoning. The result shows that the InfoWorks ICM 2D model performed well. The flood risk zoning result shows that rainfalls with larger recurrence intervals generate larger areas of moderate to extreme risk. Meanwhile, the zoning results for the two historical rainfalls show that flood with a higher maximum hourly rainfall intensity is more serious. This study will provide scientific support for the flood control and disaster reduction in Jinan City.

scholarly journals Application of Edge Computing Technology in Hydrological Spatial Analysis and Ecological Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8382
Author(s):  
Xinhong Cai ◽  
Dawei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

The process of rapid urbanization causes so many water security issues such as urban waterlogging, environmental water pollution, water shortages, etc. It is, therefore, necessary for us to integrate a variety of theories, methods, measures, and means to conduct ecological problem diagnosis, ecological function demand assessment, and ecological security pattern planning. Here, EC (Edge Computing) technology is applied to analyze the hydrological spatial structure characteristics and ecological planning method of waterfront green space. First, various information is collected and scientifically analyzed around the core element of ecological planning: water. Then, in-depth research is conducted on the previous hydrological spatial analysis methods to identify their defects. Subsequently, given these defects, the EC technology is introduced to design a bottom-up overall architecture of intelligent ecological planning gateway, which can be divided into field devices, EC intelligent planning gateway, transmission system, and cloud processing platform. Finally, the performance of the overall architecture of the intelligent ecological planning gateway is tested. The study aims to optimize the performance of the hydrological spatial analysis method and ecological planning method in Xianglan town of Jiamusi city. The results show that the system can detect the flood control safety system planning, analysis of water source pollution. Additionally, the system also can use the EC technology, depending on the types, hydrological characteristics, pollutants to predict treatment sludge need to put in the pollutant treatment medicament composition and dosage, protection of water source nearby residents public health security. Compared with previous hydrological spatial analysis and ecological planning methods, the system is more scientific, efficient, and expandable. The results provide a technical basis for the research in related fields.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Hu ◽  
Yunyun Fan ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The change in land use during the process of urbanization affects surface runoff and increases flood risk in big cities. This study investigated the impact of land use change on surface runoff in Beijing’s central area during the period of rapid urbanization from 1984 to 2019. Land use maps of 1984, 1999, 2009, and 2019 were generated by image classification of Landsat images. Surface runoffs were calculated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model. Correlation analysis was used to identify the dominant factor of land use change affecting surface runoff. The result showed that the variation trend of surface runoff was consistent with the trend of impervious land in Beijing’s central area, which increased during 1984~2009 and decreased during 2009~2019. Correlation analysis showed that changes in surface runoff were most strongly correlated with changes in impervious surfaces when compared with the correlation of runoff with other types of land use. The results of this study may provide a reference for city flood control and urban planning in fast growing cities worldwide, especially in developing countries.

An Impact of Rapid Urbanization on Wetlands Destruction in Mumbai Metropolitan Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Sanjay Jayawant Rode
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The People ◽  
Production Water ◽  
Future Plans

Wetlands are playing an important role in sustaining human health and wellbeing. They support food production, water treatment and water supply, flood control, fishing, recreation, and wildlife habitat. But wetland areas are shrinking very fast all over the world due to the rapid growth of urbanisation. In devepoing countries, the destruction of the wetlands is widely observed. In India, the wetlands area, size, and number are declinging very fast due to population growth and urbanisation. Mumbai Metropolitan Region is not an exception to this phenomenon. The wetland area is significantly declining in all suburbs of region over the period of time. State government should come out with future plans, legislation, and co-ordination among various bodies and NGOs to protect wetlands in region. The protection and scientific conservation of wetlands will improve wetlands-related services and health of the people in the region.

scholarly journals Coastal Runoff in the United Arab Emirates—The Hazard and Opportunity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdouli ◽  
Hussein ◽  
Ghebreyesus ◽  
Sharif
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Coastal Watersheds

Properly quantifying the potential exposure of hyper-arid regions to climate extremes is fundamental to developing frameworks that can be used to manage these extremes. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), rapid growth may exacerbate the impacts of climate extremes through urbanization (increased runoff), population and industrial development (more water demand). Water resources management approaches such as Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) application may help mitigate both extremes by storing more water from wet periods for use during droughts. In this study, we quantified the volumes of runoff from coastal watersheds discharging to the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Gulf that could potentially be captured to replenish depleted aquifers along the coast and help reduce the adverse impacts of urban flooding. To this aim, we first downloaded and processed the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement Mission (IMERG) rainfall data for a recent wide-spread storm event. The rainfall product was then used as input to hydrologic models of coastal watersheds for estimating the resulting runoff. A multi-criteria decision analysis technique was used to identify areas most prone to runoff accumulation. Lastly, we quantified the volumes of runoff that could potentially be captured from frequency storms of different return periods and how rapid urbanization in the region may increase these runoff volumes creating more opportunities for the replenishment of depleted aquifers. Our results indicate that the average runoff from watersheds discharging to the ocean ranges between 0.11 km3 and 0.48 km3 for the 5-year and 100-year storms, respectively. We also found that these amounts will substantially increase due to rapid urbanization in the coastal regions of the UAE. In addition to water supply augmentation during droughts, potential benefits of application of MAR techniques in the UAE coastal regions may include flood control, mitigation against sea-level rise through subsidence control, reduction of aquifer salinity, rehabilitation of ecosystems, cleansing polluted runoff and preventing excessive runoff into the Gulf that can contribute to red tide events.

scholarly journals Small and Medium-Scale River Flood Controls in Highly Urbanized Areas: A Whole Region Perspective

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengmei Liu ◽  
Yuting Cai ◽  
Shangwei Wang ◽  
Fupeng Lan ◽  
Xushu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Guangzhou City ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Inundation Depth ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Urbanized Areas

While rapid urbanization promotes social and economic development, it poses a serious threat to the health of rivers, especially the small and medium-scale rivers. Flood control for small and medium-scale rivers in highly urbanized areas is particularly important. The purpose of this study is to explore the most effective flood control strategy for small and medium-scale rivers in highly urbanized areas. MIKE 11 and MIKE 21 were coupled with MIKE FLOOD model to simulate flooding with the flood control standard, after which the best flooding control scheme was determined from a whole region perspective (both the mainstream and tributary conditions were considered). The SheGong River basin located near the Guangzhou Baiyun international airport in Guangzhou city over south China was selected for the case study. The results showed that the flooding area in the basin of interest accounts for 42% of the total, with maximum inundation depth up to 0.93 m under the 20-year return period of the designed flood. The flood-prone areas are the midstream and downstream where urbanization is high; however the downstream of the adjacent TieShan River is still able to bear more flooding. Therefore, the probable cost-effective flood control scheme is to construct two new tributaries transferring floodwater in the mid- and downstream of the SheGong River into the downstream of the TieShan River. This infers that flood control for small and medium-scale rivers in highly urbanized areas should not simply consider tributary flood regimes but, rather, involve both tributary and mainstream flood characters from a whole region perspective.

scholarly journals Development of a Heterogeneity Analysis Framework for Collaborative Sponge City Management

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Shou Dong ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Guang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
City Management ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Sponge City ◽  
City Construction

Rapid urbanization, inappropriate urban planning and the changing climate in many countries have resulted in flooding, water shortage and water pollution around the world. Although the sponge city concept has been applied in both macro-scales and micro-scales to address those challenges, research on the heterogeneity of different cities for sponge city construction and the collaborative management between cities is insufficient. Therefore, this paper proposes a multivariate cluster analysis framework and conducts an empirical study using 96 Chinese cities. By considering the local infrastructure, economic development, water resource distribution, water quality and precipitation characteristics in each city, and integrating the principal component analysis and a self-organizing feature mapping network, this paper shows the potential of regional and interregional sponge city collaborative management. This will provide an opportunity for developing a new sponge city management mechanism and will promote the establishment of multi-functional departments for urban flood control and water quality improvement.

scholarly journals TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING OF URBAN FLOOD INUNDATION CAUSED BY THE SOUTHWEST MONSOON TO CHARACTERIZE THE IMPACT OF TWENTY-YEAR DIFFERENCE IN LAND USE IN VALENZUELA-OBANDO-MEYCAUAYAN (VOM) USING FLO-2D

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W19 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
A. C. E. Cruz ◽  
J. M. D. Dizon ◽  
R. B. L. M. Mediavillo ◽  
B. O. Nepomuceno ◽  
A. Cunanan-Yabut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Hydrodynamic Modelling ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The intensity of urban flooding area due to rapid urbanization in Metro Manila has been worsening over the years caused by the torrential rains brought by the Southwest Monsoon. To further characterize the impact of land use change influenced by urbanization, we compared the flood map generated from two periods (Year 200 & Year 2020) using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic modelling simulated in FLO-2D software. In our simulations, we assigned roughness coefficient values to corresponding land use category derived from an earlier study in the area previously spearhead by JICA in 2001. Each model will incorporate the implemented Year 2000 land use and the projected Year 2010 land use classification respectively, which were used in this earlier study. Meanwhile, both models will use the same sets of parameters for the simulation: IFSAR-derived DEM elevation model and a rainfall event with 10-yr return period. The area of interest of this study is located near Valenzuela-Obando-Meycauayan (VOM) with its boundaries defined from the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority. The flood simulations conducted do not take into consideration in existing flood control measures such as drainage systems and floodwalls to minimize the complexity of the model. The results are evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. According to the results, the impact of the land use change on flood formation in most areas are insignificant due to a low degree of land use change. However, there has been substantial impact on flooding in specific areas where there is a major change in the land use. For further studies, we recommend the use of a longer land use change period and the consideration of more varied and precise Manning’s n-values.

Rivers

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
River Network ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Upstream Migration ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Physical Processes

River networks, and even individual river segments, are complex ecosystems that can be studied from many perspectives. Arguably the most common differentiation is between studies that focus on various aspects of rivers, such as contemporary physical processes (river engineering, hydrology, or geomorphology); physical processes over longer time spans (geomorphology); chemical processes (geology or aqueous chemistry); individual species or groups of organisms (fish biology); and biological communities (aquatic and riparian ecology). Each of these approaches to understanding rivers has an extensive technical literature. The works cited in this bibliographic entry draw from these sometimes disparate bodies of literature and focus on rivers in an environmental context rather than treating a specific river as an isolated feature or focusing solely on one component of rivers. River segments and river networks provide a wealth of information about past and contemporary environmental conditions, for rivers inherently integrate fluxes of matter and energy within a landscape through the entity of a drainage basin. The entire land surface that drains to a specified point makes up the drainage basin for that point. In addition to water, sediment, solutes, and organic matter enter the river network via atmospheric, surface, and subsurface pathways. Matter and energy move upstream, laterally, and vertically within a river network, as well as downstream. A well-studied example comes from the upstream migration of spawning salmon that then die and transfer ocean-derived nutrients to the river network and adjacent riparian zone. Because a river so effectively integrates diverse inputs and reflects conditions across the entire drainage basin, investigators have used physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of rivers as metrics for the environmental state of the river itself, and of the larger drainage basin. Three of the sections within this bibliographic entry include works that provide examples of these metrics for prehistoric, historic, and contemporary environmental conditions. Rivers also provide numerous ecosystem or environmental services, such as clean water and recreational fisheries, and another section provides examples of studies focusing on this aspect of rivers. Attempts to manage rivers and preserve desired attributes such as clean water, flood control, or fisheries constitute an important subset of environmental management, and are addressed in the final section of this entry.

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