The impact of policy on availability and price of low‐price medicines in public healthcare institutions: A retrospective survey in Nanjing, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulei Zhu ◽  
Yuqin Ren ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Wenqing Fang ◽  
Xinglu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Leaders’ Emotional Intelligence and Employees’ Performance: A Case in Nigeria’s Public Healthcare Sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebukola Esther Oyewunmi ◽  
Olabode Adeleke Oyewunmi ◽  
Ibiyinka Stella Ojo ◽  
Olumuyiwa Akinrole Oludayo
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Public Healthcare Sector ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sector Data

Undoubtedly, multiple competencies are essential for effective leadership and identifying specific competencies that will foster employees’ performance, is a veritable venture. This study explores the impact of leaders’ emotional intelligence on employees’ performance within Nigeria’s public healthcare sector and also provides perspective on the contextual underpinnings. It adopts the survey method and randomly samples leaders and employees within the sector. Data analyses using the t-test and hierarchical regression analytical tool, reveals a significant correlation between the emotional intelligence of leaders and the performance of employees. The study finds that the task of leadership, coupled with the multiple challenges within Nigeria’s public healthcare sector, requires a reasonable measure of emotional intelligence in order to facilitate employees’ performance.

scholarly journals Colonial Corporate Social Responsibility: Company Healthcare in Java, East Sumatra and Belitung, 1910-1940

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Frank Ochsendorf
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Indigenous Society ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the impact of investments by foreign firms in healthcare and hygienic measures on indigenous society in late-colonial Indonesia (1910-1940), focusing on three principal centers of foreign investment activity: Java, East Sumatra and the island of Belitung. Such facilities, although primarily intended for workers and their families, were sometimes accessible for members of indigenous society without contractual or family connection to the private company furnishing them. In rare cases, private companies invested directly in the welfare of local communities. The article concludes that the impact of the social investments on the state of health of indigenous communities was generally positive and a much-needed addition to scarcely available public healthcare. While such social investments can be regarded as examples of proto-corporate social responsibility strategies, the improvement of welfare was always a means through which the ultimate goal could be achieved: survival of the company and maximization of profits.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAILURE MODE EFFECT (FMEA) PADA PENGADAAN OBAT DAN PERBEKALAN KESEHATAN PADA ERA JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL DI PUSKESMAS WONOKROMO SURABAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Nuning Farida ◽  
Amelia Lorensia ◽  
Budhi Setianto ◽  
Agus Aan Adriansyah
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Government Procurement ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
Drug Procurement ◽  
Mode Effect ◽  
The Impact

Drug services in Public Healthcare are an important component whose availability influences the success of health efforts. District / City Health Office is a regional government work unit in the health sector, one of the tasks and authorities of which is to provide and manage public medicines for the district/city area. Effective pharmaceutical management in health service facilities is very important for patient welfare so risks must be identified and controlled. One of the efforts made by the City Health Office is to procure drugs using other methods that are legal according to government procurement of goods/services besides e-purchasing, which is called non-e-purchasing of drugs. Risks in the pharmaceutical supply chain are related to product discontinuity, product shortages, poor performance, patient safety, expense errors, and technological errors, all of which can result in system disruption. This study aims to determine the suitability of the plan with the realization of e- purchasing of drugs, identify problems that hamper the implementation of e-purchasing of drugs, determine the impact of obstacles on procurement, cost efficiency of drug procurement and determine the potential savings of drug procurement by e-purchasing for the period 2015 to 2019 by using the FMEA method, the e-purchasing data was collected at the Wonokromo Public Health Center in Surabaya. Study Failure Mode Effect (FMEA) in the procurement of drugs and UHC health supplies in Surabaya Wonokromo Health Center for the period of 2015-2019, it can be concluded that the absorption of capitation funds is more considered using the availability variable compared to the uptake of funds based on the rupiah value because the availability of more guarantees the need for treatment in the sustainable health centre. In this case, the perception of procurement actors in the analysis of UHC procurement process obstacles there are 41 obstacles, the role of E-purchasing is a very helpful system even though the implementation has not been perfect.

scholarly journals General practitioners’ and out-of-hours doctors’ role as gatekeeper in emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in Norway: registry-based observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Blinkenberg ◽  
Sahar Pahlavanyali ◽  
Øystein Hetlevik ◽  
Hogne Sandvik ◽  
Steinar Hunskaar
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Emergency Admission ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Emergency Admissions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Primary care doctors have a gatekeeper function in many healthcare systems, and strategies to reduce emergency hospital admissions often focus on general practitioners’ (GPs’) and out-of-hours (OOH) doctors’ role. The aim of the present study was to investigate these doctors’ role in emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in the Norwegian public healthcare system, where GPs and OOH doctors have a distinct gatekeeper function. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed by linking data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) and the physicians’ claims database. The referring doctor was defined as the physician who had sent a claim for a consultation with the patient within 24 h prior to an emergency admission. If there was no claim registered prior to hospital arrival, the admission was defined as direct, representing admissions from ambulance services, referrals from nursing home doctors, and admissions initiated by in-hospital doctors. Results In 2014 there were 497,587 emergency admissions to somatic hospitals in Norway after excluding birth related conditions. Direct admissions were most frequent (43%), 31% were referred by OOH doctors, 25% were referred by GPs, whereas only 2% were referred from outpatient clinics or private specialists with public contract. Direct admissions were more common in central areas (52%), here GPs’ referrals constituted only 16%. The prehospital paths varied with the hospital discharge diagnosis. For anaemias, 46–49% were referred by GPs, for acute appendicitis and mental/alcohol related disorders 52 and 49% were referred by OOH doctors, respectively. For both malignant neoplasms and cardiac arrest 63% were direct admissions. Conclusions GPs or OOH doctors referred many emergencies to somatic hospitals, and for some clinical conditions GPs’ and OOH doctors’ gatekeeping role was substantial. However, a significant proportion of the emergency admissions was direct, and this reduces the impact of the GPs’ and OOH doctors’ gatekeeper roles, even in a strict gatekeeping system.

scholarly journals Ensuring migrants’ right to health? Case of undocumented children in Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Moss ◽  
Zoe Gutzeit ◽  
Ranit Mishori ◽  
Nadav Davidovitch ◽  
Dani Filc
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Access To Medical Care ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

After 18 years of providing government-subsidised medical insurance for children of undocumented migrants, the Israeli Ministry of Health (MOH) decided in 2018 to abruptly reverse its policy. Many children will have access to medical care only in cases of emergency. The policy change is set to potentially impact several thousands of children currently living or born in Israel. The non-profit, humanitarian sector is already seeing the impact on undocumented migrant children, with dozens of families reaching out to Physicians for Human Rights Israel to seek help accessing care for their children. These policy changes seem to be politically motivated, aiming to exclude undocumented communities from the public healthcare system as part of a general strategy of encouraging them to leave Israel. Such actions are antithetical to public health, human rights and medical ethics considerations. The Israeli Medical Association is beginning to challenge the stance of the MOH. To conform to international guidelines—both legal and medical—government ministries and relevant official bodies must follow the advice of the medical community to ensure respect for the right to health.

scholarly journals The impact of the obstetrical risk insurance scheme in Mauritania on maternal healthcare utilization: a propensity score matching analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Ravit ◽  
Andrainolo Ravalihasy ◽  
Martine Audibert ◽  
Valéry Ridde ◽  
Emmanuel Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Payment Scheme ◽  
Risk Insurance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In Mauritania, obstetrical risk insurance (ORI) has been progressively implemented at the health district level since 2002 and was available in 25% of public healthcare facilities in 2015. The ORI scheme is based on pre-payment scheme principles and focuses on increasing the quality of and access to both maternal and perinatal healthcare. Compared with many community-based health insurance schemes, the ORI scheme is original because it is not based on risk pooling. For a pre-payment of 16–18 USD, women are covered during their pregnancy for antenatal care, skilled delivery, emergency obstetrical care [including caesarean section (C-section) and transfer] and a postnatal visit. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of ORI enrolment on maternal and child health services using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in 2015. A total of 4172 women who delivered within the last 2 years before the interview were analysed. The effect of ORI enrolment on the outcomes was estimated using a propensity score matching estimation method. Fifty-eight per cent of the studied women were aware of ORI, and among these women, more than two-thirds were enrolled. ORI had a beneficial effect among the enrolled women by increasing the probability of having at least one prenatal visit by 13%, the probability of having four or more visits by 11% and the probability of giving birth at a healthcare facility by 15%. However, we found no effect on postnatal care (PNC), C-section rates or neonatal mortality. This study provides evidence that a voluntary pre-payment scheme focusing on pregnant women improves healthcare services utilization during pregnancy and delivery. However, no effect was found on PNC or neonatal mortality. Some efforts should be exerted to improve communication and accessibility to ORI.

scholarly journals A Review of the Impact of Selected Anthropogenic Chemicals from the Group of Endocrine Disruptors on Human Health

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Goralczyk
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Food Packages ◽  
The Impact

Background: The aim of the study was to review data on the impact of anthropogenic chemicals (endocrine disruptors) on various diseases, which, consequently, may facilitate their prevention and be used as a tool for managing public healthcare. Every day, humans are exposed to chemicals, including xenoestrogens, which are similar to female hormones. Methods: This manuscript was prepared based on a meta-analysis of research on the impacts of selected EDCs on human health. Results: Special attention should be paid to bisphenol A (BPA), benzo-α-pyrene, and phthalates due to their proven endocrine activity and presence in our daily lives. Xenoestrogens are absorbed by human organisms through the digestive system since they can migrate to food from food packages and drinks as well as from plastic products used daily. The presence of these chemicals in human organisms is considered a potential cause for some diseases commonly referred to as ‘diseases of civilization’. Conclusions: The biomonitoring of xenoestrogens, which are chemicals with unfavorable impacts on human health, is a crucial tool for assessing the risk from the pollution of the environment. The novelty is a holistic approach to assessing the occurrence of risk factors for civilization diseases.

scholarly journals Causal impact of social care, public health and healthcare expenditure on mortality in England: cross-sectional evidence for 2013/2014

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e046417
Author(s):  
Stephen Martin ◽  
Francesco Longo ◽  
James Lomas ◽  
Karl Claxton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Spending Growth ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThe first objective is to estimate the joint impact of social care, public health and healthcare expenditure on mortality in England. The second objective is to use these results to estimate the impact of spending constraints in 2010/2011–2014/2015 on total mortality.MethodsThe impact of social care, healthcare and public health expenditure on mortality is analysed by applying the two-stage least squares method to local authority data for 2013/2014. Next, we compare the growth in healthcare and social care expenditure pre-2010 and post-2010. We use the difference between these growth rates and the responsiveness of mortality to changes in expenditure taken from the 2013/2014 cross-sectional analysis to estimate the additional mortality generated by post-2010 spending constraints.ResultsOur most conservative results suggest that (1) a 1% increase in healthcare expenditure reduces mortality by 0.532%; (2) a 1% increase in social care expenditure reduces mortality by 0.336%; and (3) a 1% increase in local public health spending reduces mortality by 0.019%. Using the first two of these elasticities and data on the change in spending growth between 2001/2002–2009/2010 and 2010/2011–2014/2015, we find that there were 57 550 (CI 3075 to 111 955) more deaths in the latter period than would have been observed had spending growth during this period matched that in 2001/2002–2009/2010.ConclusionsAll three forms of public healthcare-related expenditure save lives and there is evidence that additional social care expenditure is more than twice as productive as additional healthcare expenditure. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the slowdown in the rate of improvement in life expectancy in England and Wales since 2010 is attributable to spending constraints in the healthcare and social care sectors.

scholarly journals The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on healthcare provision in Italy to non-COVID patients: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e2022012
Author(s):  
Annarita Botta ◽  
Gianmarco Lugli ◽  
Matteo Maria Ottaviani ◽  
Guido Ascione ◽  
Alessandro Bruschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Background Italy has been one of the countries most affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the regional healthcare system has had to quickly adapt its organization to meet the needs of infected patients. This has led to a drastic change in the routine management of non-communicable diseases with a potential long-term impact on patient health care. We investigated the management of non-COVID-19 patients across all medical specialties in Italy. Methods A PRISMA guideline-based systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, restricting the search to the main outbreak period in Italy (from 20 February to 22 June, 2020). We selected articles in English or Italian that detailed changes in the Italian hospital care for non-COVID-19 patients due to the pandemic. Our keywords included all medical specialties in combination with our geographical focus (Italy) and COVID-19. Results Of the 4643 potentially eligible studies identified by the search, 247 studies were included. A decrease in the management of emergencies in non-COVID patients was found together with an increase in mortality. Similarly, non-deferrable conditions met a tendency toward decreased diagnosis. All specialties have been affected by the reorganization of healthcare provision in the hub-and-spoke system and have benefited from telemedicine.   Conclusions Our work highlights the changes taking place in the Italian public healthcare system to tackle the developing health crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of our review may be useful to analyze future directions for the healthcare system in the case of new pandemic scenarios.  

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